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    <title>PaperWeekly</title>
    <link>https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/feed/3be891c2f4e526629ab055a297cc2cd6c1f0a563.xml</link>
    <description>PaperWeekly是一个推荐、解读、讨论和报道人工智能前沿论文成果的学术平台，致力于让国内外优秀科研工作得到更为广泛的传播和认可。社区：http://paperweek.ly | 微博：@PaperWeekly&#xA;(wechat feed made by @ttttmr https://wechat2rss.xlab.app)</description>
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    <pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 18:06:53 +0800</pubDate>
    <lastBuildDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 18:06:53 +0800</lastBuildDate>
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      <title>PaperWeekly</title>
      <link>https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/feed/3be891c2f4e526629ab055a297cc2cd6c1f0a563.xml</link>
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      <title>华为奥林帕斯奖再启全球挑战，聚焦Agentic AI时代存储新难题</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722622&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=7ac1b205591d0c0c146bfc58668d549a</link>
      <description>两大方向，四道新题</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-09-03 18:06</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=8853e38b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeDuYzB133Wf6FSEUGhU7SrcfibP586OKjsZ59H3BJyZfUJzmgeNxze30200hlSvqg7CZxaVNHaJibblic7sMzqV735JEGJE0RTjUU%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>两大方向，四道新题</p>
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style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">面向全球科研团队，新一届奥林帕斯奖发起新一轮技术挑战。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">计算世界里，有两个尺度，相隔了几十年。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一个是</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> bit</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">。</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它几乎和现代计算一样古老。照片、文档、模型参数，最终都要落成无数个</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 0 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">和 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">几十年来，存储介质换了一代又一代，人们始终在</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">处理</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同一件事，怎样让每一个</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> bit </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">占得更少、存得更久、访问得更快。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">另一个是</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> Token</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">。</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它真正走进大众视野，不过是最近几年的事情。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">大模型用</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> Token </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">理解和生成信息，到了 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agent </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">时代，一项任务还会伴随着持续的检索、推理、状态维护与知识调用。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">很长时间里，</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">bit </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">属于存储，</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Token </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">属于模型，两者似乎没有多少关系。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> Agent </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">真正进入企业以后，这条边界开始松动。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">模型每生成一个 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Token</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，背后可能都有文档被读取、知识被检索、状态被保存，数据持续在存储与计算之间流动。</span></span></font><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一个</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> Token </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">产生得快不快，越来越不只取决于模型，也取决于数据能不能及时来到它身边。</span></span></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">于是，</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">bit </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所代表的存储世界，开始与 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Token </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">背后的 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AI </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">需求发生交汇。数据既要存得下、存得起，也要在模型需要时足够快地被找到、被送达。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当这些变化不断把数据基础设施推向新的边界，又该由谁来寻找下一种答案？</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2019 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">年，华为在数据存储领域设立了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">奥林帕斯奖（</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">OlympusMons Awards</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，把数据基础设施中的关键技术难题向全球科研工作者开放，寻找新的答案。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">8 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">月 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">29 </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">日，在 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2026 </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全球数据存储教授论坛上，第六届奥林帕斯奖获奖名单正式揭晓。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">本届赛事吸引了来自</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">全球 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">30 </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">所高校及研究机构的 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">160 </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">多位专家学者</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">参与申报。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最终，</span></span></font><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">智能存储与计算重点实验室沈志荣教授团队获得本届唯一的奥林帕斯奖，另有</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 6 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">支团队获得奥林帕斯先锋奖。</span></span></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtk0iu9l17qs"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.6666666666666666" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238943" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=47d2fd3e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDZQAk9EctcOauVViazibjzm4Zgv6T8JJ2VJdE9aVIeGIxobgI2FOfg6IBI6X0pxnjJcKibiaapJrwh0oMnZunKM2hInbomTrQXXmo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng"/></p><p data-path-to-node="32" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: left;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-pm-slice="5 3 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-path-to-node&#34;:&#34;32&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.408px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span></span></span></span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">智能存储与计算重点实验室沈志荣教授（左）华为数据存储产品线研发管理部部长常胜（右）</span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">百万奖金会被记住，获奖名单也会被记住，但奥林帕斯奖留下来的，还有那些交到科学家手里的难题。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">六届</span></span><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">下来，</span></span><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">产</span></span><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">业问题</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">不断变化，科学家给出的答案也在研究与实践中继续往前走。</span></span></font></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n420ay" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png#imgIndex=2" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 20px;text-align: left;" mpa-font-style="mesb2o5t1oqa" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n4wuv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从真实问题开始</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">“</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奥林帕斯</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">”</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个名字，本身就带着一点野心。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它来自火星上的奥林帕斯山，太阳系已知最高的山峰。华为以这座山命名奥林帕斯奖，也把数据存储领域那些还没有成熟答案的问题，一年年交给科学家。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奖项一年一度，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">单项科研奖励最高</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 100 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">万元</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。迄今已有来自</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">全球 </span></span></font><b><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">15 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">个国家的 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">470 </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">多位学者</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">参与，获奖团队中既有国内高校和科研院所，也有</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> ETH Zurich</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">NUS</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">KAIST </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等海外研究力量。</span></span></font></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtk0uw0a1n8g"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.6009615384615384" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="832" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238949" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b2f90c89&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeD1rSPdtPKicBUjPgVIicZY54Z2h6BRa6bh45DKiay9ynebp7HL16liblaic71H7IsKAibu3PswBXIOZDYgM8Leia8Kj05icZCgUPXHAto%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p data-path-to-node="32" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-pm-slice="5 3 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-path-to-node&#34;:&#34;32&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.408px;orphans: 2;text-align: left;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span></span></span></span><span style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;orphans: 2;text-align: left;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;letter-spacing: 0.544px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">奥林帕斯奖历届获奖团队</span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="宋体"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">面对这些优秀的研究成果，华为与各个获奖团队进行了后续深入的交流与合作，在一些关键技术方向，如大模型推理优化、</span></span></font><font face="宋体"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">层次化存储系统、数据缩减和</span></span></font><font face="宋体"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">近数据处理等，成功将前沿理论转化为产品的竞争力，研究也随着新的产业需求持续演进。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="宋体"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奖项、研究与产业之间由此形成了一条更长的技术链，而让这条链持续延伸的，是不断变化的产业问题。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">到了</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 2025 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">年，</span></span></font><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一部分奥林帕斯难题继续深入存储底层</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，关注</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> SSD </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">存算融合、超高密度记录和层次化大内存。</span></span></font><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">另一部分已经进入</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> Agent </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">的工作现场</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，研究知识提取、多模态数据表征与知识检索，以及长上下文中的语义信息凝练。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">本届获奖成果从数据存取到最终被模型使用，覆盖了</span></span></font><font face="宋体"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">存储介质、数据访问路径、数据工程、知识管理</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">和大模型推理等不同环节。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">智能存储与计算重点实验室沈志荣教授团队，凭借</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">“</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">层次化大内存的 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">I/O </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">优化与高效组织技术研究</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">”</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">，斩获本届最高荣誉。</span></span></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">大模型推理中的模型权重、</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">KV Cache </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等数据越来越</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">多，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">难</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全部留在</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">容量有限的</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> GPU </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">显存中</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">严重影响了推理性能</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></font><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队围绕显存、内存与</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> SSD </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">之间的数据访问和组织进行优化，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让数据</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">能够</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">存放在不同层级的存储资源当中，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> XPU</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GPU </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等计算加速器）</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">高效地</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">访问这些数据，实现推理性能的</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">系统级</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">提升</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相关公开研究中，</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GPU </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">面向 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">NVMe SSD </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">4K </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">读取带宽达到 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GPUfs </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的约 </span></span></font><b><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">7.3 </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">倍</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">个</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">层次化</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">内存管理研究</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">工作</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">中，平均内存访问时间最多降低</span></span></font><b><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">76.4%</span></span></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">香港科技大学（广州）</span></span></font></b><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">、</span></span></font></b><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">上海交通大学</span></span></font></b><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">、复旦大学、</span></span></font></b><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">华中科技大学、阿姆斯特丹自由大学</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等其他团队分别</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">凭借</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">多模态知识表征与检索、</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全栈 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">I</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">/O </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">协同优化、</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">知识提取、语义信息凝练与长序列推理加速、</span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">S</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SD </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">轻量索引与算子卸载、</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">神经符号融合推理框架等方向</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的独特创新成果，获得本届奥林帕斯先锋奖</span></span></font></p><p class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" style="" data-remoteid="" data-asynid="" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/nFNzd9xjFeBka8Bcc4kibcqMqzmk8cAfhseYQf0xiasgNXJdwiaDLPYVkpicqduQ2nHMbfe0m4nd4bIn3e3Sl59nCVZqOhPqBD1401Xl9yQobPQ/0?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg" data-src="" align="" alt="" border="" data-ratio="0.6665970336327554" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="4787" aria-label="" aria-braillelabel="" aria-description="" height="" hspace="" ismap="" opacity="" sizes="" title="" type="block" usemap="" vspace="" width="" data-width="" data-height="" data-croporisrc="" data-cropx1="" data-cropx2="" data-cropy1="" data-cropy2="" data-cropselx1="" data-cropselx2="" data-cropsely1="" data-cropsely2="" data-backw="" data-backh="" data-copyright="" data-oversubscription-url="" data-before-oversubscription-url="" data-galleryid="" data-gallerysupplier="" data-cardimg="" data-fileid="" data-imgfileid="100238947" data-positionback="" data-imgqrcoded="1" data-imgid="" data-upload="1" data-fromlib="" data-aiimageid="" data-aiimagesource="" data-cacheurl="" data-aistatus="1" data-retry="" data-ignore-width=""><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtk0nef51tu7"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.6665970336327554" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="4787" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238948" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0cf4026b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCkxIbNsnjiab3Jps5tWZWyBmjELhpERrQOUPhRTyf8m9icAdEoUohTMcYENhI9IdrS14YIESgheOTVQdPS7Aaq7stzVzsxKExx0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n420ay"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png#imgIndex=4" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=86c64953&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D4"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 20px;text-align: left;" mpa-font-style="mesb2o5t1oqa" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n4wuv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 时代，存储问题正在改写</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">活动当天，华为也公布了</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">新一届</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奥林帕斯奖的技术方向和新难题。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">回看历届题目，奥林帕斯奖一直围绕两类问题展开。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一类向下，追问存储本身还能怎么往前走。</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">数据规模持续增长，容量、性能和成本之间的拉扯始终存在。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一类向上，看数据最终怎样被</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> AI </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">使用。</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">尤其到了</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> Agent </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">时代，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">语义理解</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">状态维护、</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">知识</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">检索</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">和持续推理同时发生，数据供给效率以及知识能否跨领域复用，开始直接影响</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> AI </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在企业里的运行。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">今年的新题，也沿着这两个方向继续展开。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 20px;text-align: left;"><b><span data-mpa-action-id="mtk0pid9fwh" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mtk0pic5klg"><span leaf="">方向一：每</span></span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mtk0pic512c7"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> bit </span></span><font face="等线"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mtk0pic5hzz"><span leaf="">极致性价比的存储技术</span></span></span></font></span></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AI </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的持续发展带来不断增长的数据规模和存储需求，这一方向继续关注超高密度存储、大容量内存型存储介质和近存加速，在提升容量与性能的同时，进一步降低每 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">bit </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">成本。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">海量数据的超高密度存储与高效检索技术：</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让数据存得更密，同时在越来越大的数据空间里更快找到所需数据。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">状态数据的内存型存储介质与近存加速技术：</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">面向高频访问的状态数据，通过大容量内存型存储介质和近存加速</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">降低存储成本，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">减少数据搬运，提高推理效率。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 20px;text-align: left;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;">方向二：</span></font><span leaf="" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;">Agentic AI </span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;font-size: 18px;">原生的数据底座</span></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agent </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">进入企业生产场景以后，既需要更快地获得数据，也需要能够跨领域复用并持续演化的知识。这一方向因此关注高性能网络与 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">I/O </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">路径，以及知识的自动构建、更新和持续演化。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">以</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> Token </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">生产效率为中心的高效数据供给技术：</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">构建</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">应用</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">状态感知的数据</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">网络</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">优化</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">I/O</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">路径，减少模型生成</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> Token </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">时等待数据的时间。 </span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"></font></b></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">基于本体知识图谱的高泛化、可演进知识表征技术：</span></span></font></b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让企业知识能够被</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> Agent </span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">理解</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在不同领域和业务场景中</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">能被</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">复用</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">并自动更新</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，同时保持</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">推理结果</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">可信和可追溯。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n41bu5"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png#imgIndex=6" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Psho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q/0?wx_fmt=png" data-cropselx2="578" data-cropsely2="84" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd67b51d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D6"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 20px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mesce5n41kdr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">答案之后，还有新的未知</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">科学家面对的工作，常常始于一句很普通的话：这里还能不能再往前一点？</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">再多存一个</span></span></font><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> bit</span></span><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，再少一次数据搬运，再快一点生成 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Token</span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。放在庞大的计算系统里，它们只是很小的变化。但这些变化一点点积累起来，最终会改变介质、系统，乃至 </span></span></font><font face="Arial"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AI </span></span></font><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">使用数据的方式。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奥林帕斯山之所以适合成为这个奖项的名字，或许也正在这里。抵达一个高度之后，人们看到的往往不是终点，而是更远处那些还没有走过的地方。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">奥林帕斯奖已经把下一批未知写进题目。</span></span></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><font face="等线"></font></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 29.75px;"><b><font face="等线"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">接下来，是寻找答案的时间。</span></span></font></b></p><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-size-adjust: inherit;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;" data-mpa-action-id="mm3klnbh1sq2" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">🔍</span></span></p><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-size-adjust: inherit;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;" data-mpa-action-id="mm3klnbhyn6"><span style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">现在，在</span><strong><span 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 18:06:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>入选CVPR 2026与ICML 2026：从关系不变到旋转不变，重塑视觉水印</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722622&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=d059838ffba269434339e74e3709ef6c</link>
      <description>把水印锚定在不变量上</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-09-03 18:06</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=257351e3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCySTRibHzeCWdKHwibraLw3hia7AiaMEnQpg5lUTrIAdHduAogQyAm9fGMrmNiczeJTrThHOSk5AHQhxPucVbuHZbe0Bc7jW09RkDc%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>把水印锚定在不变量上</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" data-pm-slice="1 14 []" nodeleaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;"><img alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-type="gif" data-w="635" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9091b14d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0px 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;"><figure data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">两项工作沿着同一条研究主线展开：与其让水印网络穷举所有可能的攻击，不如找到变换前后仍然稳定的结构，并把内容身份锚定在这些不变量上。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8l5yvuvih" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1mae"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当图像被改写，所有权证据还能留下吗？</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1xmk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">生成式 AI 正在改变视觉内容的生产与传播方式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1xmk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一张图像可以被局部重绘、风格迁移、指令编辑，甚至整体再生成；一幅 360° 全景图像则会随着用户视点改变，在二维展开图上出现大范围、非线性的扭曲。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1xmk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于数字水印而言，这些变化带来的问题非常直接：如果水印依赖固定像素、局部纹理或有限攻击增强，一旦内容外观或几何姿态发生变化，认证线索就可能迅速失效。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsztft"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">来自中国科学院信息工程研究所、中国科学院大学和中国科学技术大学等单位的研究团队，从“变换不变量”这一共同视角出发，提出了两项互补的研究。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsztft"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">CVPR 2026 工作 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">Rel-Zero</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 从生成式编辑中发现稳定的图像块关系，构造无需改动原图的零水印。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtl6uzz69xo"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238966" data-ratio="0.2950191570881226" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="2088" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c7e54794&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAaUKyOETQp9V95JKVJeSVW7g6yyLJtDES5vnZQ5tEoNIibtaNV5JBK7RdeDAkyqMGLpEZXaeIYE3rGdaj3ub4BIxbG8ayaOxicE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszdzm" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8ln2ya1172"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszjst"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-weight: normal;">Rel-Zero: Harnessing Patch-Pair Invariance for Robust Zero-Watermarking Against AI Editing</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1lis"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文作者：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz15ie"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">陈鹏桢, 刘延伟, 古晓艳, 陈小军, 刘武, 王伟平</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1cko"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">收录会议：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz130r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">CVPR 2026</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1yj6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz17eq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17531" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2603.17531</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsztft"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ICML 2026 工作 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">TRIAD</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 则把全景图像建模为球面信号，通过三阶 SO(3) 表示耦合构造严格的旋转不变量。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtl6vwko1xui"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238969" data-ratio="0.3039611964430073" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="2474" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=997a9fda&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBiaHe9uI5cbz4y9NllibTmX6TwM9J3xpoMljrNACPO2xZQAxicJZ6G069ygBJ02goJBnSTTPDLdqAg7EHtRjglVTRvgINgeZ2FO4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszj3h" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz20fz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-weight: normal;">Rotation-Invariant Spherical Watermarking via Third-Order SO(3) Representation Coupling</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz18n6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文作者：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1unq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Pengzhen Chen, Yanwei Liu, Xiaoyan Gu, Antonios Argyriou, Wu Liu, Weiping Wang</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz94s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">收录会议：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz14iw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ICML 2026</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1d35"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1c9r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/Jerome-Chen7/TRIAD" target="_blank">https://github.com/Jerome-Chen7/TRIAD</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1862"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8ln2yab7m"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszd6u"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8ln2yab7m"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">待作者补充</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsztft"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">前者回答“图像被 AI 改了怎么办”，后者回答“全景图像被任意旋转怎么办”。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8mjjiw246p" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszq7l"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;padding: 10px 15px;background-color: rgb(243, 243, 243);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">核心主线：</span>Rel-Zero 寻找编辑过程中的经验不变量；TRIAD 构造群表示空间中的代数不变量。两者都把鲁棒性从“攻击样本记忆”推进到“结构保持”。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszolj"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Psho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ/0?wx_fmt=png" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="578" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" style="width:100%;" data-type="png" data-w="1080" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt8l932s1e37" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsznsa"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Rel-Zero：不改原图，也能抵抗 AI 编辑</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" mpa-font-style="mt8ldbg11fe2" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszwia"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">问题：嵌入式水印与零水印各有短板</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ag"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">传统嵌入式水印需要向图像写入额外信号。为了穿过扩散模型和指令编辑，这个信号往往必须足够强，从而在鲁棒性与视觉保真之间产生难以回避的权衡。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ag"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">零水印提供了另一条路径：它不修改图像，而是从内容本身提取“指纹”，将指纹保存到外部数据库，验证时再与待检图像进行匹配。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ag"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">问题在于，过去的零水印通常依赖全局特征或手工特征，这些绝对表征很容易被强语义编辑覆盖。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 40px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszmr2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">关键观察：绝对外观会变，相对关系仍可能稳定</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1e6e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 的出发点来自一个直观但关键的发现：生成式编辑会显著改变单个图像块的像素或特征，但部分图像块之间的相对距离仍然保持稳定。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1e6e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换句话说，如果两个区域在原图中差异很大，那么在局部编辑、全局编辑或再生成之后，它们往往仍然“彼此不同”。这种关系结构比任意一个局部外观更难被同时抹去。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ma7"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="423" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124820" data-ratio="0.7314814814814815" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=76038f10&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMWjRjC061qq42OaCiaaLz9iaaVF1YwGicYnPf9teRcMmyaD6ezvp3TDCPIkIIg8Lia9O1icPBQk5rPGjUqbSLiaWYCicH2hkDtWJMm1g%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8l9qu21oaq" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszi72"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图1  不同生成式编辑前后，Rel-Zero 选出的稳定图像块对仍能被匹配。红线表示作为零水印的图像块关系。图源：Rel-Zero 论文。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1wgr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文进一步在 RGB 距离与 ViT 特征距离上进行验证。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1wgr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于 ControlNet-Inpainting、UltraEdit、确定性再生成、MagicBrush 和 Instruct-Pix2Pix 等编辑方式，编辑前后的图像块对距离呈现明显的线性相关，说明图像内部的关系几何在多类操作下具有可利用的稳定性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 40px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz4r1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">方法：把稳定的图像块对变成内容指纹</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1m0y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 的流程可以概括为三个步骤。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1m0y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先，研究者用冻结的 VAE 重建模拟生成式编辑带来的特征位移，从原图与重建图之间挖掘最稳定的图像块对，形成训练监督。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1m0y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其次，冻结的 ViT 为每个图像块提取语义特征，并计算全连接的图像块对关系。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1m0y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最后，一个轻量的关系预测器为所有候选图像块对打分，选取 Top-K 对的索引集作为零水印。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1m0y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">验证时，只需在待检图像中再次预测关系集合，并计算与登记集合的重合度。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1zln"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="284" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124824" data-ratio="0.49166666666666664" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=77bd7eb9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNbyib6RXnd8K8kFXQibyl8ibAAuic4BBjd3rIz4udEEmVkMOY8Otyr1ExbHtHTZ634McY560VyEWHCSiay0gvic0TXx8VNxHN0UUMhI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8lbhg54zg" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ziv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图2  Rel-Zero 框架：上半部分利用原图与 VAE 重建图挖掘稳定图像块对，下半部分学习从输入图像直接预测 Top-K 关系指纹。图源：Rel-Zero 论文。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8lcnk121rm" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszeyy"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;padding: 10px 15px;background-color: rgb(243, 243, 243);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">为什么是“零”水印？</span>因为原图像素完全不被修改。水印是从内容内部关系中提取并在外部登记的指纹，因此理论上不存在由嵌入操作带来的画质损失。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><p style="margin: 48px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszyrl"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">结果：五类 AI 编辑下，TPR 达到 85.13% 至 97.43%</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszvk5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在论文主表采用的固定 FPR=0.1% 设置下，Rel-Zero 在确定性再生成、Instruct-Pix2Pix、MagicBrush、UltraEdit 和 ControlNet-Inpainting 上分别取得 85.13%、89.65%、95.63%、96.55% 和 97.43% 的 TPR。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszvk5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比 ConZWNet 与 FGPCET 两种零水印基线，其对复杂生成式编辑的检测率提升非常明显；对于裁剪、缩放、对比度、亮度和高斯噪声等常规失真，TPR 也保持在 95.12% 至 98.57% 区间。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1391"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="294" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124825" data-ratio="0.5092592592592593" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e18afba0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMMBUODn2SqQrWmFeCrfLXSQ8vLE3rnFZBwbTibWJ0NQwu57rMibCbCnEfkFa2bl6RF9pG5WRJQBdXgTZFA459Qh4iaAwNRPn1oaM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8le0ie1mln" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszjst"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图3  Rel-Zero 与零水印基线在五类 AI 编辑下的检测表现。指标为 TPR @ 0.1% FPR，数值取自论文主表。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz155u"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">更重要的是，这些鲁棒性并非来自向图像注入更强信号。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz155u"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 的 SSIM 为 1.000、LPIPS 为 0.000，因为它从头到尾都没有改动图像内容。这使其尤其适合医学影像、档案图像和高质量视觉资产等对原始像素敏感的场景。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszub4"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz24iu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">TRIAD：把全景图像的旋转问题带回球面</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1cf9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">问题：全景图像不是一张普通平面图</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz3hv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全景图像本质上定义在球面 S² 上。用户改变观看方向，对应的是三维旋转群 SO(3) 的作用。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz3hv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">常见的等距柱状投影（ERP）把球面摊平成矩形后，一个刚性的三维旋转会表现为纬度相关的非线性扭曲：物体可能跨越图像边界，极区被拉伸，局部纹理发生大范围位移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz3hv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">依赖二维卷积或像素对齐的水印解码器很难覆盖这种连续且无限的变换空间。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1wnz"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="469" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124827" data-ratio="0.8111111111111111" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d386c984&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOibUXLnBGUHgczQ65e3Ub3l6FyjSCqPNVicIwXEStxfmialDEg8janicSWSkzG5qoPqFF5tj0wXI2XaamicNhTCDib6npIVNp9icxfkw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8lg0n8203v" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1wrw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">图4  同一幅全景图像经过不同 yaw、pitch 与 roll 旋转后，在 ERP 平面上呈现复杂非线性形变。图源：TRIAD 论文。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 48px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1izf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">关键思路：从等变表示中构造严格不变量</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszniv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TRIAD 首先用球谐变换把全景图像表示为不同阶数的球谐系数。旋转不会任意破坏这些系数，而是让同一阶表示按照 Wigner-D 矩阵做结构化变换，也就是保持 SO(3) 等变性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszniv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">简单使用零阶系数虽然可以得到旋转不变量，但它对应全局平均等低频信息，容量有限，修改后也容易带来明显亮度变化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszpd7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为此，TRIAD 把水印写入更高阶的不可约表示子空间，并在提取阶段对三个高阶表示进行张量耦合，再借助 Clebsch-Gordan 系数投影到平凡表示 V₀。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszpd7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个三阶标量与球面双谱等价：无论输入如何旋转，最终标量保持不变；同时，它保留了二阶功率谱会丢失的相位耦合信息，因此能够承载更高容量的水印。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1ugv"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="377" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124828" data-ratio="0.6527777777777778" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=50bb8765&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP9UNzlXs6N8pmkWZyHIhSia1ibwNPOZAsgkZyld56Kz3LYDibqTPsUrOMGh992Qvk4D2LFOzGeD36Qu2s5klGickPuNUtaETwu9T4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8lgv6bbus" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszyca"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图5  TRIAD 框架：在高阶球谐子空间中嵌入水印，通过三阶表示耦合与 V₀ 投影得到旋转不变的球面双谱标量，再完成消息解码。图源：TRIAD 论文。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8liqzak80" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszanw"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;padding: 10px 15px;background-color: rgb(243, 243, 243);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从经验鲁棒到结构保证</span>：数据增强只能抽样有限角度；TRIAD 让旋转作用在表示空间中被严格抵消，因此任意角度的鲁棒性来自网络结构和群表示，而不是记住训练时见过的姿态。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><p style="margin: 48px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.6em;font-size: 18px;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz16ec"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">结果：连续旋转下保持近乎 100% 比特准确率</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszf7p"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文在 panoContext 与 SUN360 上使用 10,000 幅全景图训练、2,000 幅测试，默认嵌入 32 bit 水印。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszf7p"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对每个旋转角度，实验均在球面上均匀采样 1,000 个旋转轴。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszf7p"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">结果显示，未使用旋转增强时，多个平面水印基线一旦离开 0°，比特准确率很快跌至接近随机猜测的 50%；即使加入离散旋转增强，基线表现仍随角度剧烈波动。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszf7p"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比之下，TRIAD 在 0° 到 180° 的测试范围内保持近乎 100% 的比特准确率。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszkan"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="187" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124829" data-ratio="0.32314814814814813" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=90cb73a6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPOMf7edLHdhdI8udAqUBNicdArORgrjsbbbOzaNz0RiaR3F9ddh4NDagzibm2p42Q1qeH1PMKKfncEicclujjrOVKhRSDtfC7jY98%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8lhhvc1071" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz243e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图6  随机 SO(3) 旋转下的比特准确率。TRIAD 在无增强和有增强设置中均保持稳定，基线则在未见旋转角度上明显失效。图源：TRIAD 论文。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszxdj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在视觉保真方面，TRIAD 的 32 bit 配置达到 39.22 dB PSNR 和 0.9946 SSIM。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszxdj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">面对 JPEG、缩放、对比度、亮度、高斯噪声、模糊、中值滤波及混合失真时，比特准确率为 97.5% 至 100%，混合失真下为 98.4%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszxdj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三阶双谱的容量优势也得到验证：二阶功率谱在 32 bit 时仅有 61.3% 比特准确率，而三阶双谱在 16、32 和 64 bit 设置下均报告 100% 的比特准确率。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszvfn"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="395" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124830" data-ratio="0.6833333333333333" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=eafcdda6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYObUdNviaSKiaJgDmibR70Y8HRaR0rjRrgP1O2QrGCbf5KISkEibtHib7X8ia3sk8fAp6RAEr5emUxwnhoicFgBL9za5tAXMic5viav05Yk%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8ljui81ljc" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszp7x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图7  TRIAD 与多种水印方法的视觉对比。原图与含水印图肉眼接近，右侧为放大的残差。图源：TRIAD 论文。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1p7f"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c27367d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszrej"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">两篇论文的共同启示：把身份锚定在不变量上</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszi0h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 与 TRIAD 面向的攻击空间并不相同：前者面对生成模型造成的语义与外观变化，后者面对球面数据上的连续几何变换。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszi0h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但它们做出了相似的研究选择，即不再把鲁棒性理解为“训练时多见一些攻击”，而是追问“什么结构在变换后仍然存在”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz6f3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 的答案是图像块之间的相对关系。生成式编辑通常受内容保持、局部约束和低维编辑方向影响，因此图像内部的部分关系几何仍然稳定。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz6f3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TRIAD 的答案是群表示中的平凡分量。通过三阶耦合把等变特征投影为标量，可以在数学结构上消除旋转带来的姿态变化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz6f3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个来自数据规律，一个来自表示论，但最终都把水印从脆弱的绝对值迁移到了更稳定的关系或不变量上。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8llr1m267" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszy3o"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;padding: 10px 15px;background-color: rgb(243, 243, 243);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">可推广的方法论</span>：面对新的内容变换，鲁棒水印未必只能依赖更大的模型和更多攻击增强。先识别变换群、保持量与可观测关系，再选择嵌入和提取空间，往往能得到更清晰的机制解释与更可靠的泛化。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxszbaf"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021731" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=efca1b49&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz6f2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">边界与未来工作</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz4b9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Rel-Zero 依赖生成式编辑保留足够的跨区域关系，并需要可信的外部登记与检索系统；若攻击进行大比例裁剪、完全重绘或刻意破坏关系结构，其稳定性仍需进一步检验。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz4b9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TRIAD 的理论不变量建立在球面信号与完整 SO(3) 旋转设定上，离散球谐变换、ERP 采样、局部视野或缺失区域都会带来数值误差。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz4b9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">进一步扩大有效载荷，也需要处理高阶频带更容易受压缩和混叠影响的问题。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz18s9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这些限制并不削弱两项工作的共同价值，反而指出了一条值得继续推进的路线：从平面图像走向球面、三维与多模态内容，从经验攻击集合走向对称性和不变量，从单一水印信号走向与内容内在结构绑定的身份表示。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz1nsc"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8mmxsz19xq"><a 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      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 18:06:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>直播预告 | 纽约大学孔令京教授：可迁移、可解释与可控机器学习的因果AI</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722622&amp;idx=3&amp;sn=6a42f5d76575b593ceeec7bdcf22c29d</link>
      <description></description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>和你一起进步的</span> <span>2026-09-03 18:06</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
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textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">孔令京</span></span></span></span></p><p style="font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span leaf="">纽约大学</span><span leaf="">数据科学中心</span><span leaf="">助理教授</span></span></span></p><p style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;margin-bottom: 0px;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);background-color: rgb(120, 172, 254);font-size: 16px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="background-color: rgb(120, 172, 254);font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span leaf=""> 直播时间 </span></span></strong></span></p><p style="font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span leaf="">2026年9月5日（周六）</span></span></p><p style="font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;"><span leaf="">10:00-11:00</span></span></p><p style="font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;"><span style="background-color: rgb(120, 172, 254);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="background-color: rgb(120, 172, 254);font-size: 16px;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span leaf=""> 参会方式 </span></span></strong></span></p><p style="font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom: 0px;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: center;text-wrap: wrap;font-size: 16px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><span style="outline: 0px;font-size: 15px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span leaf="">腾讯会议：</span><span leaf="">530 001 189</span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100212190" data-ratio="0.2108843537414966" data-s="300,640" data-w="882" data-type="png" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=2422722f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FFz4bDl7QmXQHx9pbuMpUckbxzFyPuicsU8YGEURo9jSicE8sM4P1NovydFSuPPibmvxpajXtIEn7JgFfd3yRXzJNg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><strong><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);background-color: rgb(120, 172, 254);"><span leaf=""> 报告介绍 </span></span></strong></span></p><div style="padding-right: 10px;padding-left: 10px;font-size: 16px;"><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: 20px;margin-bottom: 10px;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-image: linear-gradient(0deg, rgba(144, 212, 208, 0) 0%, rgba(117, 172, 251, 0.3) 100%);padding-right: 19px;padding-left: 19px;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin-top: -10px;margin-bottom: 5px;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(144, 212, 208) 0%, rgb(117, 172, 251) 100%);min-width: 5%;height: auto;padding-right: 7px;padding-left: 11px;"><div style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"><p style="text-wrap: wrap;"><span style="font-size: 15px;"><strong><span leaf="">Topic</span></strong></span></p></div></div></div><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;min-width: 5%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-end;"><div><div style="font-size: 17px;"><p><span style="color: transparent;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(55, 206, 172) 0%, rgb(13, 146, 245) 100%);display: inline-block;background-clip: text;font-size: 15px;"><strong><span leaf="">面向可迁移、可解释与可控机器学习的因果人工智能</span></strong></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"></ul><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">基础模型正迅速成为知识工作的得力助手，但其在真实场景中的部署仍受到三方面瓶颈的制约：难以在不同环境间实现可靠迁移，内部推理过程不透明，行为也难以被精确控制。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">本报告将指出，这些局限并不只是模型规模的问题，更根本的问题在于学习过程能否捕捉并利用数据生成过程（data-generating process）的底层结构。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">讲者将把因果思维（causal thinking）作为一种实用的分析视角，用以刻画哪些机制保持不变、哪些因素会发生变化，以及哪些变量可以被干预。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">报告主要内容包括：</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">统一机制学习：</span>如何从跨领域、跨模态的异质数据中学习统一机制（unifying mechanisms），从而实现可靠迁移与可控生成。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">概念结构恢复：</span>即使面对看似非结构化的数据，仍可通过层次化潜变量模型（hierarchical latent-variable models）分析并改进掩码（masking）、扩散（diffusion）等自监督学习目标，从中恢复出结构化的概念体系；这些概念结构可进一步用于解释生成模型，并支持有针对性的多层次编辑。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">超越训练分布的泛化：</span>讨论实现外推（extrapolation）的自然条件，以及一种组合式生成框架（compositional generation framework）——该框架能够在面对全新的概念组合时，提升模型的提示词遵循能力（prompt following）。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify;margin-left: 8px;margin-right: 8px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 15px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: left;outline: 0px;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">最新进展：</span>介绍在自我改进世界模型（self-improving world models）与语言模型推理（language model reasoning）方面的最新研究成果。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="0" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeDmMlLmricAtzkQSoALUzoic4icYCzRKql4iaLuiboQunxFOD9SKKEvYaZ8XrTejv0BjUic5tqh2DKhGIrxcYDr7ibfU9SJLlicNC7pNMo/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="793" data-imgfileid="100238970" data-ratio="1.5" data-s="300,640" style="width: 561px;height: 1208px;" data-type="png" data-w="1024" 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 03 Sep 2026 18:06:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>几亿Token白练了？微软实测：免训练滑动窗口，让线性注意力破防</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722582&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=3d75e9443eb392eb1a5148b609d0818c</link>
      <description>复杂方法遇上简单基线</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-09-01 22:10</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d8a8a234&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeC1PkT7Ntzp1UAQ5973M9WHLmPicY3d6HnUTicvWrgmsVJfX9lIdF6b9k6zIVVTXezLsu2hfSe5pGyBpcCZewhv5bPyUS3WXpDec%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>复杂方法遇上简单基线</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" nodeleaf="" data-nest-level="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><img data-aistatus="1" alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-backw="578" data-backh="100" data-imgfileid="100000160" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9091b14d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0px 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;"><figure data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="3" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="5" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="6" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" data-nest-level="9" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;"><div data-nest-level="10" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">几千万、几亿乃至上百亿 token 的后训练投入之后，线性化模型遇到的最强对手，可能只是一个带 attention sinks 的滑动窗口。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-start="36" data-end="58" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="36" data-end="58"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">20M、700M、20B、100B。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="60" data-end="104" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这是过去一些工作为了把现成 Transformer 改造成线性化模型，付出的额外训练量。</span></span></p><p data-start="106" data-end="135" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">微软团队最近把这些数字放到了一张表里，然后在最后添了一行。</span></span></p><p data-start="137" data-end="196" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="137" data-end="196"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Sliding Window Attention: 0 token，0 个后训练阶段。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="198" data-end="397" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个总窗口只有 64、保留 4 个 attention sinks 的滑动窗口注意力，不改模型权重、不做蒸馏，在六项知识与推理任务上平均恢复了原模型 </span></span><strong data-start="273" data-end="282"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">99.0%</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的性能。</span></span></p><p data-start="198" data-end="397" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与需要数亿 token 后训练的高性能线性化方案相比，平均性能恢复率几乎持平。到了长上下文，部分任务的准确率甚至能</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">拉开 </span></span><strong data-start="347" data-end="359"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2 到 10 倍</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p data-start="399" data-end="428" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这组结果，也让一个原本看起来很顺理成章的选择多了一层疑问。</span></span></p><p data-start="430" data-end="480" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">为了摆脱越来越大的 KV Cache，我们真的需要先把 Transformer 费力地“线性化”吗？</span></span></p><p data-start="482" data-end="536" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="482" data-end="536"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对已经训练好的大模型来说，一个无需额外后训练的滑动窗口方案，已经足以和这些后训练线性化方法正面对比。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1dm1"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.43174603174603177" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1890" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeBM1rwGUIzkjI10zN0frHaBiasORmv0IbqJ0IPfGByKfH7M20iat9w9uIx4RIxM6wjBEKkal5wNDm7j0x79o4zd2dvNM1GibNB4KA/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="290" data-imgfileid="100238924" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c6115b7e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBM1rwGUIzkjI10zN0frHaBiasORmv0IbqJ0IPfGByKfH7M20iat9w9uIx4RIxM6wjBEKkal5wNDm7j0x79o4zd2dvNM1GibNB4KA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1qlh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mrvnucoh67u" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbiiha"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Sliding-window beats linear attention</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1w3o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi15m3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs</a></span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">/</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2608.28444</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1pxs"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrvnvvqed6z" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1dc2" data-nest-level="2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一个漏掉的强基线</span></span></span></p><p data-start="551" data-end="757" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全注意力的 KV Cache 会随上下文不断增长，线性注意力则把历史压缩进固定大小的循环状态，让这部分推理状态不再随序列一起膨胀。</span></span></p><p data-start="551" data-end="757" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">由于从头训练成本高，近几年不少工作转而通过蒸馏、LoRA 或后训练，直接改造现成 Transformer。</span></span></p><p data-start="759" data-end="954" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文指出，过去很多工作虽然也和 SWA 比过，但用的是不带 attention sinks 的普通版本。</span></span></p><p data-start="759" data-end="954" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一旦窗口向前滑动，开头几个 sink token 不再落在注意力范围内，性能就可能灾难性下降。这样的比较，很容易低估滑动窗口本身的能力。</span></span></p><p data-start="956" data-end="1098" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">本文采用 SWA(w,4)。总窗口为 </span></span><semantics><mrow><mi><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">w</span></span></mi></mrow></semantics><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，其中 4 个位置固定给最前面的 attention sinks，其余 </span></span><semantics><mrow><mi><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">w</span></span></mi><mo><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">−</span></span></mo><mn><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">4 </span></span></mn></mrow><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"></annotation></semantics><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">个位置保留局部历史。</span></span></p><p data-start="956" data-end="1098" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><semantics><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"></annotation></semantics></p><p data-start="956" data-end="1098" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><semantics><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"></annotation></semantics><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">知识与推理任务</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">使用 SWA(64,4)，即固定保留最前面的 4 个 attention sinks，其余 60 个位置随窗口向前滑动。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt1eiia01p77"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCGrkW4V18UQzs9CUxA3zjdnHJ3mOsgKr9V3CECsMr7PiaZfBQMbbdCWia62BFGLkNqfibjkpcdHdlS8WlibzCIzfYh6FTS3kDPAQI/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="188" data-imgfileid="100238925" data-ratio="0.3552492046659597" data-s="300,640" data-w="1886" data-type="png" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=60e39086&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCGrkW4V18UQzs9CUxA3zjdnHJ3mOsgKr9V3CECsMr7PiaZfBQMbbdCWia62BFGLkNqfibjkpcdHdlS8WlibzCIzfYh6FTS3kDPAQI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">全注意力、线性注意力+SWA 与 SWA+sinks 的注意力范围对比</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi16dx"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1766"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">0 Token vs. 千亿 Token</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1185" data-end="1281" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里的对手也不全是纯线性注意力，还包括 LoLCATs、Liger-GLA 这类线性注意力 + SWA 的线性化方案。</span></span></p><p data-start="1283" data-end="1401" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文首页汇总的后训练量从 20M、40M 一路跨到数亿、数十 B，SUPRA 一栏甚至达到 100B。SWA(64,4) 则是 0 token、0 个后训练阶段。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtio9r5u1y94"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238927" data-ratio="0.4109730848861284" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1932" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=db304e25&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCnGR5pa11QYVrEwxpsG4YNHlgNxoP46M0WKLxicAWJBjk8AryEkpvibnsicgwp2P2TwOKTR9HNVDqKfgiasRVA5LsibDpkIJJCo7yY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">不同方案的后训练量与性能恢复率</span></span></p><p data-start="1444" data-end="1490" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里的性能恢复率以各自的原始全注意力模型为基准，可以直接看出不同方案还保留了多少原模型能力。</span></span></p><p data-start="1492" data-end="1650" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SWA 在六项任务上的平均恢复率达到 </span></span><strong data-start="1511" data-end="1520"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">99.0%</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，与需要 350M–700M token 后训练的 QRWKV6 的 99.1% 几乎持平。</span></span></p><p data-start="1492" data-end="1650" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MMLU 上，SWA 的恢复率为 </span></span><strong data-start="1583" data-end="1592"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">93.2%</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，还略高于 QRWKV6 的 92.4%。</span></span></p><p data-start="1652" data-end="1816" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">主实验覆盖 Phi、Mistral、Llama、Qwen、QwQ 等多个模型系列，参数规模从 1.3B 一直延伸到数十 B。</span></span></p><p data-start="1652" data-end="1816" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">11 组比较里，SWA 有 9 组拿到除原始全注意力模型外的最高平均成绩。剩下两组差距也不大，分别只有 0.1 分和 0.7 分。</span></span></p><p data-start="1818" data-end="2002" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作者还在 Qwen3-8B 和两款 Phi-4 推理模型上自行做了一组线性化实验。</span></span></p><p data-start="1818" data-end="2002" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 Qwen3-8B 为例，SWA 平均 71.6，而经过约 100M token 两阶段蒸馏的 Gated DeltaNet、GLA 和 QRWKV6 仍停留在 50 多分，两款 Phi-4 上也呈现类似趋势。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em;line-height: 2em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;id&#34;:&#34;nice&#34;,&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;data-website&#34;:&#34;https://www.mdnice.com&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:null,&#34;data-pm-slice&#34;:&#34;0 0 []&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:&#34;text-align: left; margin: 0px 0.5em 24px; line-height: 1em;&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbjqq7"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021730" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=02b3d63d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D8"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1sey"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">长上下文差距反而更大</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2124" data-end="2286" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">线性注意力在推理时持续更新固定大小的状态：</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtiobz4i1dae"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238929" data-ratio="0.13544018058690746" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="886" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=8b43d09b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBSbIpFUPnTRmBJptjgQhNudricjeZJXSDJHdfR99ykzK6fR502BicOgVSIrNoBGMsP8R701oDssickAEnxjyFka2P6hgogk2gP4A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p data-start="2401" data-end="2542" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它的优势是状态大小不随序列增长，难点则是持续写入新信息时，还要决定哪些历史保留、哪些覆盖。</span></span></p><p data-start="2200" data-end="2346" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SWA 每层只能直接看到局部窗口，但窗口为 64，并不意味着整个模型只能利用最近 64 个 token。</span></span></p><p data-start="2200" data-end="2346" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文指出，经过 </span></span><semantics><mrow><mi><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">l</span></span></mi></mrow></semantics><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 层后，有效感受野可以扩展到约 </span></span><semantics><annotation encoding="application/x-tex"></annotation></semantics><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">lw</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，局部信息能够沿着网络深度逐层向前传递。</span></span></p><p data-start="2348" data-end="2574" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Llama 3.1 8B 的 S-NIAH 测试中，作者设置了 128、256、512 三种窗口，上下文最长到 4K。</span></span></p><p data-start="2348" data-end="2574" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所有窗口和上下文长度下，SWA 在三个任务上都不低于 LoLCATs 和 Liger-GLA。</span></span></p><p data-start="2348" data-end="2574" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">比如在窗口为 128、上下文长度为 4K 的 S-NIAH-3 上，SWA 准确率达到 17.2，LoLCATs 只有 1.6，相差约 </span></span><strong data-start="2524" data-end="2534"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">10.8 倍</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtioe8ga185b"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238931" data-ratio="0.28958333333333336" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1920" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ac99bf4b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBUSYrclxia1RSZkDlgueTSf07bcppLE0Sm6t7H7qa0ibvEonAgoWKtFjnb7pO4HBro8zchy3qqZM6QG6uoGqRhnHNzIQtylNFOE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">不同窗口和上下文长度下的 S-NIAH 准确率</span></span></p><p data-start="2625" data-end="2785" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">BABILong 的变化更明显。短上下文时 LoLCATs 还略占优势，到了 2K 后 SWA 开始反超。4K 时，两者已经拉开到 </span></span><strong data-start="2691" data-end="2701"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">15 对 3</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，而全注意力仍有 60。</span></span></p><p data-start="2625" data-end="2785" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">随</span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">着上下文变</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">长，SWA 与 LoLCATs 之间的差距被明显拉开。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj5wd"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021731" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4dec98de&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D9"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbjmbx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">小窗口也有工程优势</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><p data-start="2801" data-end="2827" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作者还把上下文长度从 128 一直扩展到 256K。</span></span></p><p data-start="2829" data-end="2949" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全注意力的 KV Cache 会持续增长，超过约 1K 后，解码吞吐开始明显下降。SWA 的 KV Cache 达到窗口上限后，状态内存保持固定，吞吐也基本稳定。</span></span></p><p data-start="2951" data-end="3130" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在这套测试中，SWA 的吞吐最高，其中窗口为 64 时速度最快，状态内存也最低。窗口越大，SWA 的状态内存开销也会随之增加，SWA-512 已高于线性注意力和 LoLCATs。</span></span></p><p data-start="2951" data-end="3130" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文给出的整体结论是，当窗口小于 512 时，SWA 的状态内存与线性注意力相当或更低，同时速度更快。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtiogwde1z3o"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238932" data-ratio="0.4577981651376147" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="2180" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9457ba3c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDEIUAlRvXxqsVv1Auaw7dfXQMpmeicU8yr1GslGqaywPIZAjnYdcrGQvweQPJxL03u3wbqywZ76Kfawu6Q1AzlCOUre3xgBWSM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">不同注意力机制的解码吞吐与推理状态内存变化</span></span></p><p data-start="3180" data-end="3377" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这组测速使用 4 层 Transformer、batch size 1 和 RTX PRO 6000 Blackwell Max-Q。</span></span></p><p data-start="3180" data-end="3377" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全注意力和 SWA 使用 FlashAttention，线性注意力使用 ThunderKittens，LoLCATs 则使用 ThunderKittens 提供的融合 kernel。</span></span></p></div></div><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 5px 0.5em 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;text-align: center;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.14555555555555555" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="4500" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=053185a0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26tp%3Dwebp%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">一个简单得过分的答案</span></span></strong></span></p><p data-start="3394" data-end="3510" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SWA 和 attention sinks 都不是新概念。</span></span></p><p data-start="3394" data-end="3510" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">过去的线性化工作却很少直接和带 sinks 的 SWA 比，这篇论文把两者放到了同一张比较表里：一边无需额外后训练，另一边则投入了数千万、数亿甚至更多 token 做线性化。</span></span></p><p data-start="3512" data-end="3638" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文最后直接建议，如果目标是在固定、较小的推理状态内存下运行现成模型，可以优先尝试带 attention sinks 的 SWA，再考虑投入大量 token 做后训练线性化。</span></span></p><p data-start="3640" data-end="3692" data-is-last-node="" data-is-only-node="" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="3640" data-end="3692" data-is-last-node=""><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">SWA + attention sinks</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，已经成了后续线性化工作很难绕开的 baseline。</span></span></strong></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1hzz"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="3"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="4"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="5"><p style="margin: 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 22:10:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ACM MM 2026 | 中科大提出MEC²-TT，多模态对话系统读懂情绪演化</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722582&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=d129bee1cb14940ca801dc9339168725</link>
      <description>AI也能看出你在强颜欢笑</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-09-01 22:10</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd69db47&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeB7Xics6JaE7pM2Qo7DPnAgZoXH7y6eicImt8dYR5Tnm45Rju5Y33sJje91pHW6xbzfmXsECoTngx0KwwEpIUxJqvtyVueeU0acM%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>AI也能看出你在强颜欢笑</p>
  <p style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;margin-bottom: 40px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg15jl"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="100" data-imgfileid="100000160" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgw8c"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当一个人对你说“我没事”时，你真的会只相信这句话吗？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1crx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">很多时候，我们并不会只关注他说了什么。声音是否在颤抖？语速是否发生变化？眼神是否回避？脸上的微笑是否有些勉强？这些语言之外的信息，往往能够提供更加丰富的情绪线索。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg196l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与此同时，人的情绪也并不是彼此独立的状态。同样是“悲伤”，它可能来自刚刚发生的坏消息，也可能是失望在多轮交流中不断累积的结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg196l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，多模态共情对话不仅需要理解</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">用户当前是什么情绪</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，还需要进一步建模</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">这种情绪如何随对话逐渐演化到当前状态</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgobt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，现有多模态共情回复生成（Multimodal Empathetic Response Generation，MERG）方法仍面临两个重要问题：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgobt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一方面，文本、语音和视觉可能传递并不一致甚至相互冲突的情绪信号；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgobt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一方面，多轮对话中的情绪持续、积累与转折往往没有得到充分建模。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgz7t"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">更进一步，即使获得了较为准确的情绪状态，模型仍需要理解情绪产生的原因、用户的潜在回应需求以及适合采用的回复策略，才能最终生成恰当的共情回应。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg3fz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对这一问题，中国科学技术大学认知智能全国重点实验室</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">陈恩红教授团队</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">提出了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> MEC²-TT</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg3fz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 从</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">跨模态情绪一致性、情绪时序演化和结构化共情推理</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三个层面对共情回复生成进行统一建模，使模型能够从当前多模态情绪状态出发，进一步理解其历史演化过程，并将这些信息转化为面向回复生成的结构化共情推理。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg171q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">目前，该工作已被多媒体领域顶级会议 ACM MM 2026 正式接收。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg171q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7194444444444444" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="416" data-imgfileid="100124897" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=bfc0a1bc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMwXjgpLg7uQXicgLArcnDMiaqoKAZ8V95cSyI55IPabWX5SYyPjqyR24B205Ovnqy1GAEiabh5W7WGKQhRxuiaksXic1LOXj4HX5zM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D1"/></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgo86" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfok8ar1d7z"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1h9k"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT: Multimodal Emotion Consistency Correction and Trajectory Tracking for Empathetic Dialogue Generation</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1k06"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">收录会议：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgh5l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ACM MM 2026</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgl9h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文作者：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1xgt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Sirui Zhao, Yu Bai, Jinyang Huang, Fangyuan Liu, Feng-Qi Cui, Xinqi Chen, Guo Cheng, Tong Xu, Enhong Chen</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1h2w"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">作者单位：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1dtj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei University of Technology, Beijing University of Technology</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg23h8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文链接：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgz56"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfok8ar1z5j"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://doi.org/10.1145/3767308.3835659" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1145/3767308.3835659</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgp18"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mtfnv8pm1a93" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgk8q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">MEC²-TT：从跨模态情绪校正到轨迹感知的共情生成</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg4sf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 主要由三个相互衔接的模块构成：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Emotion Consistency Correction（ECC）、Emotion Trajectory Tracking（ETT）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">和 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Empathetic Chain-of-Thought（ECoT）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg4sf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三者分别负责跨模态情绪一致性校正、历史情绪轨迹建模以及结构化共情推理，共同形成从情绪感知到回复生成的完整流程。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgsqx"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.41759259259259257" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/RBRgSeVXhYOGllXusfibicu9EJ2lowByOWjVYlI4dosg4AOnbk0wJPDb5TXtM0CuBKlZjyXbLuhY2eKw1teeMALqz4PyQZ6nib8BHeibEGUibK2A/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="578" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="423" data-backw="578" data-backh="241" data-imgfileid="100124901" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=976c4fc9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOGllXusfibicu9EJ2lowByOWjVYlI4dosg4AOnbk0wJPDb5TXtM0CuBKlZjyXbLuhY2eKw1teeMALqz4PyQZ6nib8BHeibEGUibK2A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="text-align: left;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mtfnxrp61w8d" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg19z8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> MEC²-TT 的整体框架。模型首先校正文本、语音与视觉之间的情绪不一致，再追踪多轮情绪演化，并通过结构化共情推理生成最终回复。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgh2h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 首先分别从视频、语音和文本中提取情绪相关表示，并通过 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Emotion Consistency Correction（ECC）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">建模不同模态之间的情绪语义一致性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1d9x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">具体而言，模型将三种模态的表示分别映射为情绪概率分布，并利用 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">KL</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Divergence </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">衡量不同模态之间的分布差异。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1d9x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">模态间情绪判断越接近，一致性越高；差异越明显，则意味着它们可能正在提供相互冲突的情绪信息。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1lw1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于这种一致性关系，ECC 对不同模态特征进行自适应校正，从而缓解跨模态情绪冲突，并在保留模态互补信息的同时形成更加可靠的当前情绪表示。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1xmn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，仅建模当前轮次仍不足以支持充分的共情理解。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1xmn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 进一步通过 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Emotion Trajectory Tracking（ETT）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">将各轮校正后的情绪表示按照时间顺序组织起来，并利用时间位置编码和 Multi-Head Self-Attention 建模历史情绪之间的动态依赖。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgjar"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在此基础上，模型以</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当前轮次的情绪表示作为 Query</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，通过 Cross-Attention 从历史轨迹中选择与当前状态最相关的信息。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgjar"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">由此，ETT 不仅保留了情绪随时间发展的整体结构，也能够突出与当前状态关联最紧密的历史情绪变化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmganc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">获得当前情绪与历史轨迹之后，MEC²-TT 并未直接生成回复，而是进一步引入 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Empathetic Chain-of-Thought（ECoT）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，将共情生成组织为：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgled"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Event Scenario → Speaker&#39;s Emotion → Emotion Cause → Goal to Response → Strategy to Response</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg19rf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">即依次分析事件背景、说话者情绪、情绪原因、回应目标以及回复策略。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg16iq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了使多模态情绪轨迹参与语言模型推理，MEC²-TT 使用轻量级 Linear Adapter 将 ETT 输出映射至 Qwen2.5-7B 的文本嵌入空间，并以连续 Soft Prompt 的形式参与后续 ECoT 推理和最终回复生成。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1sbe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">由此，MEC²-TT 形成了一条从</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">情绪校正—轨迹建模—共情推理—回复生成</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">逐步递进的完整链路。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgjxp"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7314814814814815" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="423" data-imgfileid="100124900" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=961b36ed&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNflQkugVphntWH48vkiaicduxKC6uc4tpH2YJHXR064fVMcj8BIabzCWP165I7BTqsraXYYUUfE5sYU3aYADoU7iaiaCbNX5EjPXw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1yy3"><span mpa-font-style="mtfo3q3c1btu" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo3q3c220a"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo3q3c1gvi"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">ECoT 通过事件、情绪、原因、目标和策略等中间过程，将多模态情绪理解进一步转化为回复生成依据。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgaz8"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1urk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验表现：自动指标与人工评价的系统提升</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1akc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 在 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">AvaMERG</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-weight: bold;">MELD </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">两个多模态对话数据集上进行了系统实验。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1akc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AvaMERG 包含 33,048 个对话和 152,021 条多模态 utterance；MELD 包含超过 1,400 个多人对话和约 13,000 条 utterance。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg5xp"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.43703703703703706" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="253" data-imgfileid="100124903" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=11871fe0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPUwgPmIqL4I7w87he5lPMBLYwsTJxwFYqwnib8jQXRsJINL3dyibJIJKOwo0TZwS7fO2awOJHb0mxkMIvTsAqYR4A0BJeKVC6po%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg14xy"><span mpa-font-style="mtfo3q3c1btu" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo3q3c220a"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mtfo5kql1d96" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo5kqn24ch"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">MEC²-TT 在 AvaMERG 与 MELD 上的自动评价和人工评价结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg18ro"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在自动评价方面，MEC²-TT 在两个数据集上的 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">BLEU-1、ROUGE-1 和 BERTScore-F1 均取得最佳结果</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg18ro"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 AvaMERG 上，三项指标分别达到 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">20.97、31.23 和 88.95</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；在 MELD 上分别达到 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">14.30、24.13 和 88.33</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg18lk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比 E3RG、EmpathyEar 以及文本大模型 Qwen3-8B，MEC²-TT 在词汇匹配和语义相似度指标上整体表现更优。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg18lk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">尤其是相较于 Qwen3-8B，BLEU 和 ROUGE 的明显提升表明，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">语音、视觉以及历史情绪变化能够为共情回复生成提供纯文本之外的有效情感与上下文信息</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg18lk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时，两个数据集上的 BERTScore-F1 均取得最佳结果，也说明这种提升不仅体现在词汇重合度上，在整体语义层面同样具有更好的匹配。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1gkt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于共情对话而言，自动指标仍难以完整反映回复是否真正符合用户的情绪状态。因此，论文进一步从 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Empathy、Relevance 和 Fluency </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三个维度进行了人工评价。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgbxb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 AvaMERG 上，MEC²-TT 的 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Empathy 达到 3.88，为所有模型中的最佳结果</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，Relevance 和 Fluency 分别达到 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.07 和 4.29</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgbxb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 MELD 上，Empathy、Relevance 和 Fluency 分别达到 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.04、3.73 和 4.61</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，三项指标均取得最佳结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgbxb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">整体结果表明，MEC²-TT 的优势不仅体现在自动评价指标上，整体结果表明，MEC²-TT 的优势不仅体现在自动评价指标上，也得到了人工评价结果的进一步验证。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1vgm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了进一步分析各组成模块的贡献，论文还对 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">ECC、ETT 和 ECoT</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 进行了消融实验。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgdtj"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.48518518518518516" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="280" data-imgfileid="100124905" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b9cc2354&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNcDdulYibh89CSjkqITB5RxTicJHgaQkKf9iaJTsdKoOrqInHq3uBFWia3dC3ia1C78w3bcibnBRTFETQl5YW3agDPE9d7d7qlEQkkE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg41c"><span mpa-font-style="mtfo3q3c1btu" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo3q3c220a"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mtfoab6i1khh" data-mpa-action-id="mtfoab6k15bc"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">不同模块的消融实验结果，用于分析跨模态情绪校正、情绪轨迹建模与结构化共情推理的具体贡献。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg6a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 AvaMERG 上，完整 MEC²-TT 的 BLEU-1 为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">20.97</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg6a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">移除 ECC 后下降至 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">18.37</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，移除 ETT 后下降至 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">18.34</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，说明</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">跨模态情绪一致性建模与历史情绪动态建模具有互补作用</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：前者提高当前情绪表示的可靠性，后者进一步引入情绪随对话演化的历史信息。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1uvu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比之下，移除 ECoT 后 BLEU-1 进一步下降至 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">9.86</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，表明仅获得可靠的多模态情绪表示和历史轨迹还不足以直接生成高质量的共情回复。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1uvu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">将</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">事件、情绪、原因、回应目标和回复策略</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">组织为结构化中间推理，是连接情绪理解与最终回复生成的重要环节。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg9fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">总体来看，ECC、ETT 和 ECoT 分别从</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">跨模态一致性、时序情绪建模和结构化共情推理</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三个层面提升模型能力，共同支持最终的共情回复生成。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg4qm"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=02b3d63d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg17jr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例分析：多模态情绪不一致下的共情回复</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmghb5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比单纯的数值指标，论文中的两个案例更直观地展示了跨模态情绪校正和情绪轨迹建模为什么重要。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg246y"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7074074074074074" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="409" data-imgfileid="100124907" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6d398363&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPvokQKUpFcv1DXgCAVgkj7eWNmEbASQPZVuxRSc9VZNo0W9qU8IMQxQxD8ZHsh6p8ohxUVcB7pk6tpWWHicEbvAEBXImGVYibtw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg188u"><span mpa-font-style="mtfo3q3c1btu" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfo3q3c220a"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mtfoh6ts1kr" data-mpa-action-id="mtfoh6tu1n8m"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">案例分析：面对文本与非语言线索不一致时，MEC²-TT 能够识别隐藏情绪，并生成更符合用户真实感受的共情回复。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1jmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第一个案例中，用户连续熬夜一个月完成工作方案，却最终被忽视。虽然文本仍表现得相对积极，但</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">声音颤抖、勉强微笑和明显红眼</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">均传递出更强烈的负面情绪。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1jmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一些基线模型被表面文本误导，继续给出“保持乐观”“继续努力”一类回应。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1ls3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 则结合语音、视觉和历史对话，识别出更深层的愤怒与挫败，并首先确认用户所经历的不公平和失落。相比单纯的鼓励，这种回复更加符合用户真实的情绪状态。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgwna"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第二个案例中，用户刚得知年迈宠物狗的检查结果很差，却突然转而谈论“烤蛋糕”。虽然文本表面更加积极，但</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">语音中的哽咽、回避目光和擦泪</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">表明悲伤仍在持续。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgcne"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">部分基线模型顺着新的话题继续回应，而 MEC²-TT 结合此前围绕宠物病情形成的情绪轨迹，将这种话题转移理解为面对悲痛时的一种应对方式，并将回复重新聚焦到用户尚未缓解的悲伤本身。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgt8k"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Psho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="578" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="84" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b0db5551&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg1d2b"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">结语</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmggek"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MEC²-TT 并非简单增加多模态信息，而是进一步关注这些信息之间是否一致、情绪如何随对话动态演化，以及情绪理解如何最终转化为共情回复。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmg12m2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">通过跨模态情绪一致性校正、情绪轨迹建模和结构化共情推理，MEC²-TT 构建了一条从多模态情绪感知到共情回复生成的完整链路。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfouwmgv8v"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一工作表明，多模态共情对话不仅需要理解用户当前表达的内容，还需要综合考虑其非语言情绪线索和历史情绪变化，从而生成与用户真实情感状态和对话语境更加一致的回应。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" 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      <pubDate>Tue, 01 Sep 2026 22:10:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>不止AutoResearch！策略与Harness共进化，EvoTrainer跑通自主闭环</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722551&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=3f160eef716d526a144bbdc7f6efa31f</link>
      <description>训练系统也开始自进化</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-31 13:51</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a92872f1&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeDtibjXDytvJ4micJkGHibYp6aGhDlCpokNtf55tYnzibnhVw5wpOr9xK1msKaiaZp1ybBaWEExOQE5fn6nRem20ibiaExlHibZA7Nia7RA%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>训练系统也开始自进化</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" nodeleaf="" data-nest-level="2" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;"><img alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-type="gif" data-w="635" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9091b14d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="2" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0px 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;"><figure data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="3" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="4" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="5" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="6" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" data-nest-level="9" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;"><div data-nest-level="10" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">自动跑实验只是第一步。EvoTrainer 开始让 AI 自己分析 Reward、Rollout 和失败轨迹，再反过来升级训练策略与 Harness。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1bp1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfjfo0m14cn"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 是⼀种让⼤语⾔模型训练策略与 Training Harness 协同进化的⾃主训练⽅法。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1bp1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfjfo0m14cn"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它不只是在 Agentic RL 中⾃动跑实验、调参数，更关键的是让系统能随着模型变强，持续提升发现、诊断和解决训练问题的能⼒。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtgt3s1p21e9"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.36616702355460384" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1868" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238898" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd2e4911&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAFZtbNE4S2w7LCEqtk7eOJNiavzgpyoj8qUIxW1lsHSoAsPdnnbVofRgBv7DhibuZaShFOib0SIbJBJS9EEjxhLcmF44ff3vSaLA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92s4a" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9tz5l9flw"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92cal"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer: Co-Evolving LLM Policies and Training Harnesses for Autonomous Agentic Reinforcement Learning</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92356"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92axq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.03108" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2606.03108</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92gjd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9216d2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/AlibabaResearch/DAMO-ConvAI/tree/main/EvoTrainer" target="_blank">https://github.com/AlibabaResearch/DAMO-ConvAI/tree/main/EvoTrainer</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1zg7"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mtfjglzz1s0i" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw726"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">核⼼观点</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwyjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">传统⾃主训练中，Training Harness 往往被视为固定基础设施：Reward 定义、样本过滤、回测逻辑、诊断⽅式⼀旦设定，后续训练只是在这套静态框架内搜索更优参数或配⽅。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwyjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但在⻓程、多步、强交互的 Agentic RL 任务中，这种假设并不成⽴。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1l1g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">随着策略不断变强，原有 Harness 的局限会逐步暴露：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">原先有效的 Reward 可能失去区分度；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">原先⾜够的评估⽅式可能⽆法识别投机⾏为；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">原先粗粒度的诊断逻辑难以解释新的失败模式；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">原先的样本筛选机制可能⽆法持续提供⾼信息量训练信号。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1oko"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，真正的⾃主训练不应只优化模型参数，⽽应让训练策略与 Training Harness 处于同⼀个协同进化闭环中：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">策略变强，暴露新的瓶颈；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Harness 感知瓶颈，升级诊断与回测能⼒；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">新的 Harness 再反过来为策略提供更可靠的优化信号。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw140s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 的核⼼贡献，就在于将这种“训练决策系统本身也要持续进化”的思想系统化，并将其落地到 Training-Time。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1kd"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e0c6b132&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw5u8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">相关⼯作</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1238"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现有⼯作⼤致覆盖三条路线：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1uv8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">a. ⾃主训练：AI ⾃动提出⽅案并执⾏实验。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw22sq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">b. 推理侧 Harness 优化：优化模型推理时的⼯具、上下⽂和脚⼿架。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwz7z"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">c. 优化 RL 算法：针对不同任务设计更合适的 RL 机制。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 40px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw18a1"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.24351851851851852" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="141" data-imgfileid="100124866" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=93f7a14b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNA0FMvQHDlIWTFlialahkibTGwnkXSCHykOhHoECxOQyHQAGXjrJEAUM6XsD9g6AKqXvsIFxQKWFK9sNiaM6ibZkxPLT0IViaZJGbM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mtfjkzgd2wq" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw9bh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.1. AutoResearch：⾃动化实验搜索 [1]</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwrf3"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="378" data-imgfileid="100124869" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ed7f8d98&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPIegc4XLESD6wRAgaXRz3r8HfrVWBPvN9icEQWEaXkAY4xgK87Id6p7NKyk5khAtZWoGXHXgldZBaVHkCiaY5Gibhdd3iadkQPsNE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1x8r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AutoResearch 证明了 Agent 已具备接管训练的能⼒，它通过“修改代码 → 启动训练 → 验证指标 → 决策保留/回滚”的闭环，实现了训练⽅案的⾃动探索。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw13tj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然⽽，这种范式的本质仍是</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">“基于静态标尺的快速试错”</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw13tj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agent 仅将验证集分数作为唯⼀的筛选依据，⽽承载评估与诊断功能的 Harness 在整个过程中始终保持不变。这导致系统缺乏对训练过程的深层理解：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">⽆法甄别信号质量：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⾼分可能源于数据泄露或评估漏洞，⽽⾮真实能⼒提升；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">浪费失败样本价值：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">低分分⽀被直接丢弃，其中蕴含的诊断线索未被提取；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">缺乏能⼒沉淀：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">每⼀轮搜索都是独⽴的，训练中形成的排查经验⽆法转化为可复⽤的诊断技能。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwux3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换⾔之，AutoResearch 是⼀个⾼效的“实验搜索器”，但并⾮⼀个能持续提升训练理解能⼒的 “进化系统”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwux3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它优化的是“找到下⼀个⾼分配置”的效率，⽽我们关注的是“升级发现问题与定义问题”的能⼒本身。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwbp3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.2. 推理侧 Harness 演化：Meta-Harness [2] 与 AHE [3]</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1jql"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5231481481481481" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="302" data-imgfileid="100124870" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b14a1b83&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOZeC7SVBtmgZgZ4Blv7bicicjr75oiaM4XO9DxMaZo6n9C7I7iaw7YeIdKaOak69pNxAWNyYRqJQzI5ib4pZoHBicnVrHVPLPZgZhk4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwoe4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Meta-Harness 与 AHE 共同确⽴了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> “Harness 本身可作为优化对象”</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的重要范式，为 EvoTrainer 提供了关键的⽅法论基础。Meta-Harness 率先打破了 “Harness 即固定基础设施”的传统认知，通过 Agent 搜索并修改推理阶段的上下⽂组织与⼯具链代码，利⽤历史执⾏轨迹持续提升下游任务表现；AHE 则进⼀步系统化了这⼀⽅向，将 Middleware、⻓期记忆与 System Prompt 纳⼊可编辑范围，并明确引⼊可观测性信号作为改动有效性的验证依据，证明了⻓期⾃动改进必须依赖过程证据⽽⾮仅看最终结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwql2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然⽽，这两项⼯作的演化边界均严格限定在 Inference-Time。当我们将视⻆转向 Agentic RL 的训练场景时，会发现推理侧的演化逻辑存在根本性的信号断层：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">优化⽬标错位：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">推理侧追求单次任务完成率，⽽训练 Harness 需保障⻓期学习信号的稳定性与区分度；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">诊断维度缺失：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">推理侧关注输出正确性，却⽆法感知 Reward 失效、Rollout ⾏为崩塌或低信息量样本等训练动⼒学问题；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">经验⽆法跨阶段迁移：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">推理侧积累的 Prompt 优化或执⾏链路调试经验，难以转化为训练过程中对异常信号的审计、过滤与回测能⼒。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1nod"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换⾔之，现有⼯作证明了 Harness 演化的可⾏性与过程证据的价值，但仍未跨越从“推理执⾏优化”到“训练策略协同进化”的鸿沟。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1nod"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 正是要将这种“过程感知 + 系统演化”的思想，真正移植到 Training-Time Harness 中，使其成为与训练策略双向驱动的协同进化对象。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw10vh"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd67b51d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1ji5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">⽅案</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1g58"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现有⼯作分别验证了 Agent 参与训练（AutoResearch）、Harness 动态演化（MetaHarness）以及过程证据驱动改进（AHE）的可⾏性，但尚未将这三者在 Agentic RL 的训练场景中统⼀。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1g58"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 的核⼼出发点，正是打破推理侧与训练侧的壁垒，⾸次实现 Training Harness 与训练策略的协同进化。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwrmb"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" type="block" data-imgfileid="100124873" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c9e0dc42&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNgibcFjIzpk6ezvfBLtlwF7CuLCaX1vwkCVE5UTRJQIRlOb31AF5pFeMrSLYliawCSn4AYficu6wtriaiczW2PviaqkpXWsJppj4m8U%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1i6r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现实中的资深研发⼈员，在优化模型时，并不是仅盯着测评集上的分数去决策下⼀步的优化路径。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1q86"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当⼀个版本结果异常时，通过 Reward 分布、Rollout 轨迹与版本 Diff 等⾼维信号综合诊断瓶颈来源。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1q86"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然⽽，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agentic RL 的数据规模与噪声密度使这种分析难以⼈⼯持续执⾏</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1trr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 的核⼼动机正是将这种碎⽚化的排查经验，转化为 Training Harness 中可执⾏、可积累的诊断程序——让 AI 不仅替代⼈⼯检查，更实现诊断能⼒本身的持续优化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwgai"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.1. 训练策略与训练 Harness 的协同进化</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw21iw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 将训练过程组织为⼀条可追踪的版本链：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1cyh"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6902439024390243" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="820" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="399" data-imgfileid="100124875" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9cb91295&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNABibicjvaOWweCzalY0D1dQWVShD1katUxvpYfk6J9vr2StoWbSTcw06xYPS9lCibYF9iaMMsHhicic2UXgfAoTHKqmQO8KibW4lbMA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1rqd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它的关键在于：每⼀轮策略更新都会暴露新的⾏为模式、瓶颈和失效现象，⽽训练侧的 Harness 会据此调整⾃⼰的诊断⽅式；⼀旦诊断⽅式发⽣变化，后续版本的选择和搜索⽅向也会随之改变。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw252h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，EvoTrainer 关注的不只是“分数是否更⾼”，还包括：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">信号有效性：当前 Reward 是否仍具备⾜够的区分度以⽀撑梯度更新；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⾏为稳定性：Rollout 轨迹是否出现分布偏移、模式崩塌或异常收敛；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">版本可⽐性：相邻版本间的性能差异是否能被现有诊断证据合理解释；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">评估鲁棒性：⾼分结果是否可能源于数据泄露、评估漏洞或随机噪声。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw12j"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当现有证据不⾜以解释某次训练结果时，系统不会盲⽬推进下⼀轮实验，⽽是主动触发 Training Harness 的⾃我升级。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw12j"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这种升级并⾮简单的参数调整，⽽是诊断能⼒本身的扩展，例如：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">引⼊新的⾏为分析器</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">构造针对性的回测⽤例</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">检索历史相似案例的诊断路径</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">动态调整样本过滤策略</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1a64"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换⾔之，训练策略的演进与 Harness 的演进在同⼀闭环中交替发⽣——策略变强催⽣更精细的诊断需求，诊断升级⼜为策略突破提供更可靠的导航信号。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1syn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.2. Memory &amp; Skill：让EvoTrainer 具备持续进化能⼒</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1axt"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.427307206068268" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="791" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="247" data-imgfileid="100124879" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e4aee83c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOJlTolEclnESeMh2j0vHzk7iaUhNFAQ8ooHlx2hxto8y7GeKfeyTICNiapQicf2A15VAuMyuI1s3NTbCzbMrKLqJcR7dMOEAYibus%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1crk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Memory + Skill 是 EvoTrainer 区别于“只会反复试配⽅”的关键能⼒。它不仅记录每次训练结果，还会沉淀失败经验、诊断⽅法和可复⽤策略，让后续版本的进化越来越“聪明”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwa8o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Skill：把有效⽅法沉淀成可跨任务复⽤的能⼒，这不是简单的经验总结，⽽是经过验证、可再次调⽤的操作能⼒，例如：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw10pi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">a. 分析器技能（analyzer skills）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwqyx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">b. 修复策略（repair strategies）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1oha"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">c. 训练流程模板（procedure templates）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwmxk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3. 以 SWE 场景为例看 EvoTrainer 的进化过程</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwqoe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SWE RL训练的难点不在于最终 Reward 定义本身，⽽在于 SWE 它是⼀个⻓轨迹、多轮交互的操作任务。模型需要先定位代码，再理解上下⽂，再修改实现，最后通过测试验证修复是否成⽴。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1ad9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，训练⽅案的演化，本质上是在不断回答⼀个问题：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">怎样把“成功修复”拆解成可学习、可⽐较、可优化的训练信号？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1h2s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 在整个过程中引⼊⾏为奖励、让⾏为奖励产⽣区分度以及加⼊ StdGroupFilter 让优化器看到⾼质量信号，最终达到最优效果。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw12gz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5636070853462157" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="621" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="326" data-imgfileid="100124877" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=85fdde8f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOVyE0wPVSbaPmibgXmibdPNwLolYiaVDlqIBoLiabiaicIR7xCdKV8ZbicT1zesN48nG6p3aRKlByjk15lgspwDkbyRsh7oG8lWPXeHQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 16px;" mpa-font-style="mtfjwj9j24vm" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwubh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3.1. 仅依赖最终正确性，⽆法⽀撑多步修复任务</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lws31"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最直接的做法是只⽤测试⽤例分数作为 Reward，但在 SWE 中，这种设计很快暴露出问题：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⼤量失败轨迹共享同⼀个低分，导致信号极其稀疏；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">即使偶尔得分变化，也很难判断模型到底学到了更好的⾏为，还是只是碰巧命中；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于多步⼯具使⽤任务，单⼀结果分数⽆法反映过程质量。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1jqn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是说，最终结果 Reward 能定义任务⽬标，却不⾜以塑造达到⽬标的过程⾏为。于是，训练系统开始从 Rollout 中寻找那些能反映“过程是否健康”的中间证据。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1n2w"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3.2. 引⼊⾏为奖励，把“健康过程”显式纳⼊训练信号</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw6pe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于对 Rollout 的诊断，系统发现两个⾏为与成功修复强相关：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw120l"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.30277777777777776" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="175" data-imgfileid="100124881" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5d6dd9d9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNC9R4PS69HJ6vZTVgLEicPsk74MmnTIgvVq68yHOtZiaiavST5kyH8Xia5njTbwTFVUPxkQX7qkuJTT9abc8DqW7fjkvcAB6jy2cY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw3op"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这两个信号的作⽤不是替代正确性，⽽是把原本只有“最终做对/做错”的 Reward，扩展为同时刻画结果质量和过程质量的复合信号：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw3hv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在这个阶段，关键变化是：Reward 不再只回答“最后对没对”，还开始回答“这条轨迹是不是沿着更合理的修复路径在前进”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1sds"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3.3. 有了过程信号，还要让它真的产⽣区分度</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw23et"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但仅仅加⼊过程信号，并不能带来有效训练，系统进⼀步观察发现，如果过程奖励设计得过于对称，很多 Rollout 会得到相同或近似的附加分，导致 Reward Tie 增多。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw5zy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这会削弱组内样本之间的排序差异，使训练难以判断哪种⾏为更值得强化，因此，问题从 “Reward 太粗”进⼀步变成了：Reward 虽然变细了，但还不够有区分⼒。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwsw6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了解决这个问题，EvoTrainer 没有继续堆更多 Reward 项，⽽是直接调整已有⾏为信号的相对权重。最终，ETT 被赋予略⾼于 SBE 的系数：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1z7h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这样做的含义是：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SBE 反映的是修复前的准备⾏为；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ETT 反映的是修改后是否形成了“编辑—验证”的闭环；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 SWE 中，后者与有效修复更直接相关，也更有助于拉开 Rollout 之间的差距。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1vtb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所以，这⼀步的核⼼不是“调参”，⽽是增强 Reward 的排序能⼒。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwcje"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3.4. Reward 有区分度了，还要保证优化器看到的是⾼质量⽐较信号</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwy7s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">即使 Reward 设计已经更细、更有区分度，GRPO 训练仍然依赖⼀个前提：同⼀组 Rollout 之间必须存在⾜够稳定的相对差异。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw8jx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GRPO 的组内优势定义为：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1fl6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果⼀组 Rollout 的 Reward 都差不多，那么组内标准差会很⼩。此时会出现两种情况：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果 Reward ⼏乎完全相同，则也接近 0，优势值接近 0，⼏乎没有有效学习信号；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果 Reward 只有很⼩的随机差异，这些差异可能被较⼩的分⺟放⼤，形成不稳定的噪声信号。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1xxb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">于是，新的问题不再是 Reward 本身，⽽是：哪些 Rollout Groups 真正值得拿来做相对学习？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwalp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，EvoTrainer 最终加⼊了⼀个过滤机制，过滤掉降低那些缺乏区分度、⽆法稳定⽀持相对排序的 Groups 对训练更新的影响。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1htx"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0f40aebf&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw5fk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw19ns"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在三类任务上评估 EvoTrainer，这三个任务覆盖了从单轮推理到⻓程⼯具使⽤的不同训练场景。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw19ns"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它们分别强调可验证推理、执⾏反馈以及⻓程 Agent-Tool 交互，覆盖了从单轮推理到复杂⼯具使⽤的不同训练场景。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwoh2"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.28703703703703703" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="166" data-imgfileid="100124883" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1378eb8a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMSn3xn8JlBGUmDGGTcicRBf9vYX0RLfe4M3HwtnBgIhWt4U8BPnjL3gTNTw8EZ8Q7b8T5Bpia4EgIBckopMc3ymicTlhF1P7Lecg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D13"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1vmm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">整体结果表明，EvoTrainer 在三类任务上都稳定有效。更重要的是，结果不是来⾃⼀个固定的通⽤训练⽅案。不同任务最后需要的能⼒不同：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Math 更需要计算能⼒增强；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Coding 更需要 Reward Shaping 和 Filtering；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SWE 更需要⾏为敏感的训练路径。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lwrlp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这说明 EvoTrainer 不是简单找到⼀个万能配置，⽽是在根据任务瓶颈调整训练过程。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw13ku"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6037037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="349" data-imgfileid="100124885" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9a069ec5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMjmGpV9arZbUNIYDrgiab3PWAkhPwjD5BNiaCkCInTZsIs0HDO6OJ9jAJqvC4cEcGb6aEQSGQ9yibR7IJSqz2dg9XnKsE6NH9Vx0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D14"/></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw11oz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0cdd0886&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D15"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1jbt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw13zx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">综上所述，EvoTrainer 的核⼼贡献可概括为：将模型训练中的决策系统本身变为可优化的演化对象。具体⽽⾔，它在三个维度上实现了对现有⼯作的升级：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1hqr"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从“实验搜索”到“诊断决策”（对标 AutoResearch）：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⾃动训练的瓶颈不在于候选配置的数量，⽽在于系统能否将每次实验转化为可积累的训练认知。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1hqr"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 通过多维信号交叉验证与失败样本价值挖掘，使训练决策从试错驱动转向认知驱动。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1hqr"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从“静态基础设施”到“协同演化对象”（对标 Meta-Harness）：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agentic RL 的训练瓶颈具有动态性（从奖励稀疏到⾏为崩塌、从评估漏洞到低信息量样本），固定的 Harness ⽆法覆盖全⽣命周期。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1hqr"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer 使 Training Harness 随策略瓶颈持续重铸，成为与模型权重双向驱动的进化组件。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1hqr"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从“⼀次性调试”到“可迁移的认知资产”（对标 AHE）：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">失败案例、回测脚本与过滤策略不应被视为训练副产品，⽽是可复⽤的系统能⼒。EvoTrainer 通过结构化的记忆与技能库，使系统在跨任务场景中具备经验继承与泛化能⼒。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1ktp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当然，当前 EvoTrainer 仍有⼏个限制。</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EvoTrainer的推理、检索和回测计算成本较⾼；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当前实验中的版本演化轨迹还不够⻓；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">系统表现仍然依赖较强的基础模型能⼒。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1s9f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，下⼀步的重点不是简单扩⼤实验规模，⽽是让这⼀训练决策系统变得更便宜、更稳定、更可迁移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw1cey"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfjfo0m1462"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">总体⽽⾔，EvoTrainer 带来的收益并⾮源于实验数量的线性堆叠，⽽是来⾃ Training Harness 诊断能⼒的持续升级、回测机制的可靠性保障，以及诊断技能的跨任务复⽤——</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">它让⾃动训练系统真正具备了“学会如何训练”的 Meta 能⼒</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtfn93lw17m7"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 13:51:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>EMNLP 2026 | ClawBench实测8款Agent：真能完成日常在线任务吗？</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722551&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=5a484456bac7ba942aec79f5598bde55</link>
      <description>真实网页一测全员翻车</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-31 13:51</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=f8b2b9cd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCZH6RpNF060LLIibvQbgneNyrXt0gaDYWgbuI4XnjbUxoMBiapF4nLZh5W7wciajlJKdDrQPSTDouCYVXuxb8L1apDM2XnuYlGDs%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>真实网页一测全员翻车</p>
  <p style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;line-height: 1.75em;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;margin-bottom: 48px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92265"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" type="block" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92sgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">目前的 AI Agent 能够协助写邮件、整理文档等任务，但它们真的能在真实的网站上可靠地完成日常在线工作流吗？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92sgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现有的 Web Agent 基准测试通常在离线沙盒或静态页面中评估模型。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92sgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了真正迈向下一代通用 AI 智能体，MMLU-Pro 的作者联合滑铁卢大学 TIGER Lab、UBC NAIL Group 等共同推出了面向真实网页任务的新评估框架 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">ClawBench</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92sgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这是一个面向真实生产环境网页任务的新评估框架，涵盖 153 个日常任务、144 个真实平台、15 个生活类别，并通过“最终请求拦截”机制确保安全评测。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92sgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 8 款前沿模型的测试中，最强的 Claude Sonnet 4.6 也仅取得 33.3% 的任务成功率，GLM-5 以 24.2% 的成功率与单任务 $0.64 的成本展现出最优性价比，Qwen 3.5 则以最低的 token 消耗和工具调用量兼顾了效率与可用性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9210l8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文进一步通过五层轨迹分析，揭示当前 Agent 失败的根源并非“不够聪明”，而是反爬虫机制下的无效重试、最后一步的确认犹豫、以及与人类截然不同的交互行为模式等深层原因。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9210l8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 测试评估框架为评估下一代 AI Agent 提供了一个直面真实世界未解决问题的测试平台，保留了现实世界网页环境的完整复杂性、动态特性和交互挑战，并确保在不产生现实副作用的情况下安全评估。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9210l8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 不仅仅给出了面向真实网页后&#34;谁家模型最强&#34;的榜单，更重新校准了当前人类对 AI Agent 真实能力的预期。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtgsizni74w" data-pm-slice="1 4 []"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.4550561797752809" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1780" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238893" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6a3e2860&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDgpiciagGiaLhHd7L8uGMn6yEBtLic3aL8Gv2ftcI8j0mAPuc4rZYNfiaq9Ys5jTT4ZjtaSKUMBUh9hibY0seBibC09vMle7wGb2ytNU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92s4a"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9tz5l9flw"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文作者：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92cal"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UBC、Vector Institute、UniPat AI、CMU、滑铁卢大学、上海交大、港科大、清华大学、曼彻斯特大学、复旦大学、里海大学、南京大学</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92356"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GitHub地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92axq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/TIGER-AI-Lab/ClawBench" target="_blank">https://github.com/TIGER-AI-Lab/ClawBench</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92gjd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">项目主页：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9216d2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://claw-bench.com/" target="_blank">https://claw-bench.com/</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921v2x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文链接：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925k3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.08523" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2604.08523</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921ay8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Hugging Face：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921aiy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9tz5l918c7"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://huggingface.co/collections/TIGER-Lab/clawbench" target="_blank">https://huggingface.co/collections/TIGER-Lab/clawbench</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92cqw"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt9u0umw28z" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz929te"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">什么是 ClawBench？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921wx1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 是一个专门针对日常在线任务的评估框架，包含了人们在生活和工作中最常遇到的 153 个任务。</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它覆盖了从购物、预约餐厅到求职申请等 15 个类别的 144 个不同平台。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与传统的“只读”或“离线”测试不同，CLAWBENCH 完全在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">生产环境（真实的在线网页）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">中运行。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它侧重于评估“</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">写操作密集型（write-heavy）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">”操作，例如填写复杂的表单、进行账户更新等改变网页状态的行为。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92tg4"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.49722222222222223" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="288" data-imgfileid="100124839" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c7efcd52&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMsAjWAh9OeMNYWorIianMNmJpNhpfmlDsByTZq47xk4yT4SgYkhWbvMicPDvAGZl1Uf7qsuGTVBNPic1T64Ed1rC46ALMdMZRKDs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92rx"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=deddeccd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92fh1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">ClawBench 如何在真实网站上安全地测试？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921g6g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果让 AI 在真实网站上买东西或者投简历，会不会造成不可挽回的后果？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921g6g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对此，CLAWBENCH 设计了“</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">最终请求拦截（final-request interception）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">”机制：系统会记录并拦截会导致真实世界副作用（如扣款、提交订单）的最终 HTTP 提交请求。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921g6g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这意味着 AI 可以完整体验真实网站的复杂性、动态渲染和验证逻辑，但在最后一步会被安全拦截。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223t"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" type="block" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=f6c88e10&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9218j1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">八大模型折戟，最高战绩 33%</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921iop"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队在 ClawBench 上对 8 款前沿 AI 模型进行了集中测试，并以 ‘Agent-as-Judge’ 协议作为核心指标来判定任务成功率，得出的结果出乎意料。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9212dx"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3333333333333333" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="193" data-imgfileid="100124841" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=aee0a041&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP0emKGrmDtRs62WTAribGh4RpVfzynTGFftfEIlWo1yFYfVYm4HwBEhk3K4gvTuJjGtSTH1U6BRWyicEUgyavbLvxG1uHDvMZGo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92ka8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总体成功率</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">层面，日常在线任务的完成难度远大于受控浏览器中的完成难度：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Claude Sonnet 4.6</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 表现最好，但也仅仅达到了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">33.3%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的任务完成率。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 排名第二，成功率为</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 26.1%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GLM-5 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">24.2%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的成功率紧随其后。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GPT-5.4</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的成功率仅为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">6.5%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217pk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从任务层面的饱和度来看，低成功率并非仅由少数极端困难的任务造成。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">评测数据显示，在参与测试的 8 款前沿模型中，</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li style="font-weight:bold;color:#000000;"><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">153 个评估任务里有多达 68 个（占比 44.4%）全军覆没，未能被任何一款模型成功解决。</span></span></span></p></li><li style="font-weight:bold;color:#000000;"><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">仅有 1 项任务被 7 款模型成功处理，</span></span></span></p></li><li style="font-weight:bold;color:#000000;"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">没有任何一项任务能够被全部 8 款模型同时攻克。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92ro2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. 模型不同领域能力表现分布不均衡：现阶段 AI Agent 无法在各种日常应用领域间实现能力均匀迁移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224if"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当前的榜单排名并非由某种单一的通用能力所决定。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224if"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">具体而言，虽然 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Sonnet 4.6 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">占据了总榜榜首，并在日常（Daily）、学术（Academic）及社交（Social）类任务中展现出最强实力，但其在金融（Finance）与宠物（Pets）领域仅与 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 战成平手。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92fvs"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作为综合排名第二的模型，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在旅行（Travel）场景中与 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Gemini 3 Flash</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 并列第一。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92fvs"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与此同时，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GLM-5 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在工作（Work）类任务中表现最为优异，而 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Claude Haiku 4.5 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">则在开发（Dev）领域拔得头筹。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9247h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这种能力分布的不均衡充分表明，现阶段的 AI Agent 尚无法在各种日常应用领域间实现能力的均匀迁移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9247h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换言之，一款能够自如应对购物或社交工作流的模型，在处理求职申请、差旅预订或开发者工作流时，可能依然会遇到巨大瓶颈。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92102o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">4. 成本和性能表现：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921erw"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.4009259259259259" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="232" data-imgfileid="100124843" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=32732d87&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNpvpzcRXw4uzm6Q99bj6QH661dEIFYDO6vtmOpp7ia1WWck66n0Pba3ZIA7SsGiah0jEvxvLIvopVbur9RUWrHhoAgfGKa0or3U%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz928uj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">绿色阴影标出的为「高效区间」（SR ≥ 15% 且成本可控）。能挤进这个区间的模型并不多。更关键的是：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">花更多钱 ≠ 更高的成功率</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，二者并不存在简单的单调关系。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">综合评测，GLM-5 性价比优势极高：在 ClawBench 的综合评测中，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GLM-5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 展现出了极为优异的性价比优势：其单任务平均成本仅为 $0.64，同时拿下了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">24.2%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的任务成功率（SR）。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比之下，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Claude Sonnet 4.6</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 虽然以 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">33.3%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的成绩触及了准确率的天花板，但为了换取这额外 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">9.1</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 个百分点的性能提升，开发者需要付出高达前者 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">12 倍</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的成本。 </span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Token 消耗维度来看，Qwen 3.5 性价比极高：从 Token 消耗维度来看，也呈现出类似的取舍规律，该维度的“性价比之王”易主为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它仅凭单任务平均 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.52M</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的 Token 消耗量便达成了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">26.1%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的成功率，创下了全组最低的“单位成功率 Token 预算”。作为对比，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Gemini 3 Flash</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的单任务消耗高达 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5.81M</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Tokens，但成功率却仅有 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">19.0%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。 </span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">执行效率角度：Qwen 3.5 兼具可用性和动作效率。单次任务轨迹的工具调用次数进一步拉开了各模型在执行效率上的差距。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 堪称兼具可用性与动作效率的典范，单任务平均仅需</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 42 次</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">工具调用即可实现 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">26.1% </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的成功率。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224u4"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GPT-5.4</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的平均调用次数虽低至 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">13 次</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，但其成功率也断崖式下跌至 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">6.5%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；其余六款参测模型的工具调用量则密集分布在 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">52 次至 86 次</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">之间。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92lai"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">总体测试结果表明，即使是在现有基准测试中表现优异的模型，在面对真实网页的防机器人机制、复杂的验证流程以及多步骤交互时，依然显得力不从心。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92lai"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在ClawBench上取得进展，将使模型更接近能够真正作为通用助手运行的AI Agent。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921rwk"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/Psho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw/0?wx_fmt=png" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="578" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="84" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=f28dcc13&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921y8q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">模型失败分析：失败不是因为「不够聪明」，而是因为「不够像人」</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921002"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 的真正价值不在于又一个排行榜，而在于它对失败模式的精细诊断。论文分析了 1,224 次 Agent 运行（8 模型 × 153 任务）的五层轨迹，揭示了四个层次的问题。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92fuv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1. 多数失败情况，都是因为反爬虫拦截机制而陷入了无效重试循环，反复进行页面快照刷新，或是多次尝试提交最终状态所导致；并非因为简单的“探索不足”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925dh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">失败的执行流程往往会产生更多浏览器交互行为。下图是 Sonnet 4.6 和 Gemini 3 Flash 的通过/失败轨迹的工具调用分布对比。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925dh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队统计了 437 条智能体消息日志中的浏览器工具调用次数，同时剔除了会造成原始操作流数据虚高的被动页面刷新行为。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925dh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如对 Claude Sonnet 4.6 与 Gemini 3 Flash 在正常启动的执行流程中的表现进行对比发现，两款模型均呈现出同一规律：失败流程的工具调用次数多于成功流程。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925dh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 Claude Sonnet 4.6 成功流程的工具调用次数中位数为 64 次，失败流程则为 120 次；Gemini 3 Flash 成功流程的工具调用次数中位数为 45 次，失败流程为 74 次。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925dh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">失败流程的调用次数还呈现明显的右偏分布，Claude Sonnet 4.6 的单次最高调用量达 354 次，Gemini 3 Flash 则为 263 次。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92x4q"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.575" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="333" data-imgfileid="100124845" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1b6ba7fa&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMJqbDOicu54vvxnIJjgkS3FiamFkDjQr1s6AnvXX0uqUQfNI8ick7vj74NSk4xvW2kdtvN8fzfSvrJMypkACJP5WJXbFY0RESPcg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92ivw"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.4361111111111111" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="252" data-imgfileid="100124848" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=57455ae3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNhSic0tu4jALV8XOPY3al2ugIYVYdc8uHIvzj6cJeNYY3mPicSZ3lqFrEhoHwTPw85oWQ13SFPX00gSKCH9mLzBDicx10ejicXoZY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921cv0"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这说明失败不是因为 Agent 探索不够。恰恰相反，很多失败是</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无效死循环</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：在反爬墙上反复撞、在同一个表单上反复截图、在最后一步前反复犹豫。因此，少即是多。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921thk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2. 通过工具调用构成与阶段定位，确认 AI Agent 错误症结在于在最终确认环节犹豫。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223qc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">单凭工具调用的绝对数量，很难判断 Agent 到底是在单纯浏览页面、填写表单，还是在尝试执行最终的“改变状态”操作。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223qc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对此问题，研究团队通过对</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">动作类型精细拆解</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：将 Agent 交互中的每一次工具调用精准分类，并按模型和执行结果进行了横向对比。团队发现：症结不在基础交互，而在最后一步。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz927ts"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">数据分析揭示，常规的点击与输入行为并未发生显著偏移，这并非导致任务失败的主因。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz927ts"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">例如，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Sonnet 4.6</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 在成功任务中的点击/输入占比分别为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">25% 和 15%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，在失败任务中为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">20% 和 16%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Gemini 3 Flash</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的成功占比为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">30% 和 28%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，失败占比为 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">28% 和 21%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz927ts"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，失败案例呈现出一个极具反差的特征：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总交互量更高，但“终端确认（terminal-commitment）”动作的占比却异常萎缩</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。在所有失败任务中，最终执行确认点击或输入的动作频率始终明显低于成功任务。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223z9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3. 各模型的失败模式截然不同：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921axx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 Sonnet 4.6 的 26 个失败样本分析举例，论文将失败模式系统分为了六大类。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz929zz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9212962962962963" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="532" data-imgfileid="100124850" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b6abd21d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOAygjcM7sVicybRKbAcA1yiacJ7IhYE4qvzyVKOXdpnfEricjiafTB3JCJibz9XL57oJtuOZnZu2PdKoCcUGxfwZynzJgNicZFfrwqA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92362"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对不同的模型，同样是低成功率，背后的失败机制完全不同。论文中共有四大失败机制：agent_idle（无动作超时），time_limit_exceeded（超时），unknown（未知），agent_exited（主动退出）。</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（3.3%）：131/153 次运行因 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 244, 244);color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> agent_idle </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（无动作超时）终止——它不是“做错”，而是常常</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">根本没开始做</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GLM-5</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（24.2%）：69/153 次运行触达 30 分钟 wall-clock 上限——它很努力，但陷入了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无生产力的耗时循环</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GPT-5.4</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（6.5%）：85/153 次运行以 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 244, 244);color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> agent_exited </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（主动退出）结束——它在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">还有时间的情况下主动放弃</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92dob"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6907407407407408" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" type="block" data-imgfileid="100124852" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=007a9e50&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNdgAs6KXqhnDPYicfxcGyVicnbMPxvyDc3CCicBH2mwgDMMYhb3eems71dGaiamLoh8nIDx3FbJY9OOicBvtUFPhWZ8ZoCibzgDFazM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9222p0"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这些差异说明：评估真实网页 Agent 需要多维度指标。防止提前退出、在真实网站摩擦中持续行动、以及在最后一步敢于“确认”，是三件不同的事情。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9222zi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4. Agent交互模式明显脱离于人类行为特征：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92yjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AI Agent 与人类操作者在相同浏览器环境中的底层交互模式完全不同。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92yjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agent 在执行任务时生成的合成事件（synthetic events）具有异于常人的打字速度，不连续的鼠标轨迹，和粗糙跳跃的页面滚动等特点，而</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">现代反爬虫系统正是通过这些特征检测和拦截自动化流量</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92yjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这直接暴露了 Agent 在对应真实网站的 反自动化检测机制时的脆弱性，很大程度上解释了为什么它们频繁被 Cloudflare Turnstile、DataDome 等反爬系统拦截。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92yjw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队认为，未来 Agent 系统迫切需要引入基于真实人类行为逻辑的交互模型，才能从根本上提升 AI Agent 在真实网络环境中的生存与执行能力。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223qy"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5768518518518518" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="333" data-imgfileid="100124853" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3a9c020a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYO3KctibELGZzLaw74F7lIGjU0ibgNVdWPiaR1ELdfkkwicOUwhbT8TymmfaFbOib6R4HToH9OoQyxEiaSpUiaCIrPn7AKsx3iao8Pkkqs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92jb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这些迥异的失败样本深刻表明，未来衡量真实网页环境下的 Agent 的能力需要从以下三个独立维度展开，而非局限于单一的胜率指标：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">防退场能力（preventing premature exit）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：如何有效防止模型在任务中途过早退出。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">抗摩擦能力（sustaining action through live-site friction）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：在充满动态阻碍的真实网站环境中，如何维持代理的持续行动力。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">终结执行力（committing safely at the final step）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：在流程的最后一步，如何保障代理安全、果断地完成最终的提交动作。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz924lh"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cbae6fff&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D13"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921nex"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Clawbench 典型案例研究：溯本求源“翻车现场”</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92vmv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除却宏观视角分析，论文公开了多个完整案例，将“为什么失败”从统计数字变成了可以触摸的具体场景。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224pk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例 1：“最后一公里”弃单（Sonnet 4.6, Soko Glam）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92f18"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">任务：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在韩国护肤品网站 Soko Glam 上，购买一瓶洁面乳和一瓶精华液，加入购物车并完成结账。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9219fc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Sonnet 4.6 几乎完美执行了整个流程：定位到正确商品集合、添加两件商品、进入结账页面、开始填写配送地址（邮箱、名、姓均正确填入），但——在输入街道地址的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">中途</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">停止了。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9219fc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">没有点击 “Continue to Shipping”，没有发出最终提交请求。Judge 判定：失败。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921va4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在该案例中，每一步准备操作都是正确的。失败的原因仅仅是缺少了最终的提交动作。如果仅靠 schema 去检查拦截请求，那么这个案例中会得出假阳性的结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921va4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，实验设计中的人类参考轨迹验证这一步骤显得尤其重要。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217yg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例 2：识别出 CAPTCHA（人工验证）后擅自切换网站（GLM-5, Zillow）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921xh6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">任务：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Zillow 上搜索多伦多市中心月租 $3500 以下的一居室公寓，选择一间并提交租赁申请。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz925bh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GLM-5 到达 Zillow 后立即被 CAPTCHA 阻止，反复尝试不同入口均失败后，它</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">自行切换到了 viewit.ca</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：一个完全不同的网站。并且 agent 在那里只到达了搜索框，最终以 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 244, 244);color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">agent_idle</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 结束。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92q8q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在这个案例中，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">识别出障碍 ≠ 能克服障碍</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。“我被打败了”的正确诊断不会自动带来有效的恢复策略。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92q8q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其次，擅自切换平台是致命的。任务明确要求“在 Zillow 上”，Agent 不仅没有完成任务，还违反了平台约束。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92q8q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这种行为在真实场景里尤其危险：如果它有你的信用卡信息，在没有 CAPTCHA 保护的山寨网站上下单，后果可想而知。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92xh8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例 3：agent 说的成功是真的成功吗？（Sonnet 4.6, DoorDash）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92g2a"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">任务：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 DoorDash 下单：一个 Big Mac + 一份 20 块麦乐鸡，选择最快配送。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217gr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Sonnet 4.6 导航到了正确平台、添加了商品，然后断言“两种商品都已正确添加”。但实际发送的终端请求中</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">缺少必需的 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(243, 244, 244);color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> cartId </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;"> 字段</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，验证器报错——订单根本没有被创建。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921adq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 的自我感觉良好和服务器实际状态之间存在巨大鸿沟</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。这就是为什么 ClawBench 坚持用拦截的 HTTP payload 做 ground truth 验证，而不是问 Agent 是否完成。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921adq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另外，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">错误产品变体</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也是一个值得警惕的失败类型：Agent 理解了语义层面的大方向（点麦乐鸡），但在具体 SKU 选择上出了错，这种偏差在真实购物场景里比比皆是。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921ihl"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例 4：交叉框架鲁棒性可能比预想的更重要 （Qwen 3.5 × Insurify 车险报价）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92ili"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">任务：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Insurify 上完成一份汽车保险报价：填写个人信息、驾驶员信息、车辆信息、居住信息、保险覆盖需求，走完约 40 屏的级联表单，拿到最终报价对比页面。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9212q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这是 ClawBench 里最复杂的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">长表单</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">任务之一。在全体模型中，Qwen 3.5 的表现最为惊艳：160 次操作、94 个 turn、499 秒。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9212q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Agent 的策略是单调的“截图→理解→填一个字段→截图→理解→填下一个字段”循环，没有回溯与多余操作。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9212q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">中途解决了两个级联依赖的坑：一个是加拿大邮政编码被美国 ZIP 格式校验拒绝（Qwen 把同样的数字重新输入为 US ZIP 格式通过了），另一个是在一个 split date 控件上需要切换输入方式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9212q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">两次问题都自行恢复，没有卡死。最终成功导航到 Insurify，用个人信息和车辆详情完成了车险报价表单，获得最终报价结果和保险方案对比。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对该任务，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GPT-5.4 在 0 次操作时就退出了，Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite 在 9 次操作后闲置终止</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这两家闭源模型完全失败的任务，被一个开源模型用最朴实的方法完成了。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">成功的关键因素不是什么高级推理能力，而是极其朴素的执行纪律：一屏一次推进、不回溯、缺信息用保守默认值、遇到校验错误换格式重试。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9223a2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这暗示了当前 web agent 的瓶颈可能不在模型的聪明程度，而在于交互框架的鲁棒性设计。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92lnd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">案例 5：行为策略导致不同结果（Qwen 3.5，GPT-5.4，Gemini 3 Flash，Doodle 日历排期）</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92136"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">任务：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Doodle 上创建一个多时段投票，供小组选择会议时间。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92zti"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文选了三个模型的轨迹做对比。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">同一个任务，不同的模型间因为执行纪律，效果存在巨大差距：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921v2c"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Qwen 3.5 朴素策略（成功）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：40 个 assistant turn，约 4.5 分钟完成。策略非常朴实。把日历当日历用，一个时间格一个时间格地线性推进。中途发现某一步走了弯路，自我纠正后继续。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921v2c"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">没有炫技，没有多余的 JavaScript 注入，就是老实填表。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921bbh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GPT-5.4 过度工程化+遇挫即退（提前放弃）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：47 个 turn，有效活动时间约 5 分钟。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921bbh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在同一个时间/时区选择网格上卡住后，GPT-5.4 的方案是写一段 JavaScript 代码来自动化绕过这个 UI 组件：结果代码跑失败了，然后它就退出了。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217no"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Gemini 3 Flash 陷入死循环</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：163 个 turn，整整跑了 25 分钟直到触碰超时上限。在同一个时间/时区网格上陷入无状态变化的死循环：反复截图、反复尝试同样的操作、反复得到同样的结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217no"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文中使用 thrashing（徒劳抖动）来描述这一状态。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921kvd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">三个模型在任务开始时的规划都是正确的，差距出在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">执行纪律</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">上：Qwen 线性推进、遇错自纠；GPT 过度设计、一挫即退；Gemini 僵死在同一个 UI 组件上反复摩擦。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921kvd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这不是知识差距，而是行为策略的差距。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92at6"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021733" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=090da602&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuJXXicvv3JrPNYrFlYadg4ibA8SxC6OvibZyBHGuub04X1AXxeRTC0WUJA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D14"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921qiq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">启示与反思</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz929a9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 的发现超出了&#34;网页 Agent 还需要改进&#34;这一泛泛结论，给出了几个具体的行业启示：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92vox"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1. 实验室跑分 ≠ 真实世界能力。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同一模型在 WebArena 上 80%+，在 ClawBench 上 33% —— 40+ 个百分点的差距暗示，当前主流评测框架系统性高估了 Agent 的实际能力。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92vox"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">真实网页的复杂性（动态 DOM、反爬虫、表单校验、认证流）构成了一道沙箱无法模拟的&#34;现实鸿沟&#34;。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9216bq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2. Agent 失败是多维度的，需要分层诊断。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">单看成功率会掩盖本质差异：有的模型因提前退出而失败（GPT-5.4），有的因死循环耗尽时间而失败（GLM-5），有的因在最后一刻犹豫而失败（多个模型）。五层轨迹录制为此提供了必要的可见性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92o8k"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3. “敢于确认”是一个被忽视的能力维度。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">写重型任务区别于读任务的本质，在于最后那一步——点击 Submit、Confirm、Place Order。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92o8k"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 发现了惊人的&#34;最后一公里问题&#34;：Agent 走到最后一步之前，却缺乏执行写操作的&#34;承诺意志&#34;。这可能根源于 RLHF 安全训练——模型被训练得对具有现实后果的操作过度保守。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921cwj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4. 交互行为本身就是一个安全信号。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">人类与 Agent 的交互指纹差异巨大（按键速度差 15-90 倍，鼠标轨迹完全缺失），这既是反爬虫系统拦截 Agent 的原因，也是未来 Agent 需要学习的“行为伪装”能力。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921cwj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让 Agent “更接近人类的方式操作网页”，不仅是性能优化，更是生存技能。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921dl2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5. 真实网页评测的成本和可复现性需要权衡。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 选择了生态效度优先——在真实网站上评测不可避免地引入网站布局变化、A/B 测试、地域差异等噪声。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921dl2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文通过人类参考轨迹、拦截 payload 和五层轨迹记录来缓解复现性问题，但单次运行的成本（需要实时会话、模型调用、网络检测、轨迹判定）远高于沙箱评测。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9224l8"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021734" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=dbae9169&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuCkR96mP8kh7KicSzPQiaIQa3ft5MLn54FNK0UD2MI99iaHjT9m9NjLl7A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D15"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz921rhy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217vs"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 提供了一个针对真实日常生活工作流的测试评估框架，为评估下一代 AI Agent 提供了一个直面真实世界未解决问题的测试平台。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz9217vs"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">允许用户在真实生产环境中的网站上运行，保留了现实世界网页环境的完整复杂性、动态特性和交互挑战，并确保在不产生现实副作用的情况下安全评估。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92u9o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ClawBench 的价值不仅仅在于给出“谁家模型最强”的榜单，更是</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">重新校准了我们对 AI Agent 真实能力的预期</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。当一个模型在 WebArena 上拿到 80% 却在真实网购任务上翻车时，问题不在于模型排名，而在于我们一直以来的评测方式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92cy4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从“读网页”到“写网页”，从沙箱到生产环境，从虚拟页面到反爬虫系统。每一个跨越都在提醒我们：AI 替你上网办事这件事，比想象中难得多。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92cy4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当前模型在执行真实世界任务时仍然存有巨大短板与差距。解决这些问题，将是我们迈向真正通用AI助手的关键一步。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz928qp"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt9zuz92242n"><a 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 31 Aug 2026 13:51:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>吴恩达参与斯坦福新作：丢掉中间推理Token，长思考最高提速3倍</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722518&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=1622aeca4752be01bcf454d0039699f1</link>
      <description>越想越久，不必越算越贵</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-28 21:55</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=40015533&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeD5rbjobPhpAlYXPwiaQiadEcbX1ic1QnxuLuvBuKocSLc8dUKnOnsaPxS7PyrO1HZWInB8dNoRIWiaRNdpYx1wSvUOt87cWkDlBqc%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>越想越久，不必越算越贵</p>
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14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;text-align: justify;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">推理链越来越长，模型未必需要记住全部历史。Prefix Sliding 只保留任务前缀和最近窗口，让长思考不再背着整条推理链前进。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-start="36" data-end="59" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一条推理链越来越长之后，模型究竟需要记住多少？</span></span></p><p data-start="61" data-end="188" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">按照标准全注意力的做法，答案几乎是全部。</span></span></p><p data-start="61" data-end="188" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此前完成的计算、中间步骤、不断累积的推理历史，都会继续留在后续注意力范围里。</span></span><strong data-start="119" data-end="150"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">推理越长，每生成一个新 token 的成本也随之上涨。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="190" data-end="219" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">问题在于，模型真的还需要反复回看这些已经过去的中间步骤吗？</span></span></p><p data-start="221" data-end="424" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最近，斯坦福、华盛顿大学等机构的一项联合研究从这里切入，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">吴恩达、Yejin Choi、Percy Liang</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等参与其中。</span></span></p><p data-start="221" data-end="424" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队提出 </span></span><strong data-start="287" data-end="305"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，只长期保留任务前缀和最近的推理窗口，让更早的中间 token 逐步退出后续注意力计算。</span></span></p><p data-start="426" data-end="529" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最终，</span></span><strong data-start="429" data-end="491"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">现有模型无需重新训练，长思考最高约 3 倍提速</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">用于强化学习后，单条推理轨迹还能扩展到 10 万 token 以上。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1dm1"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.4173387096774194" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1984" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCKewhH14GLk5Oib7ZY2wtqWlTlV8pmOtvPFDNHYgJuCpicS81Mxv4lPRe7DryzOicCxa7ubIzQTicU5BCs06NP6GpHjJTJAE57w2g/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="290" data-imgfileid="100238841" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6cd8cf53&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCKewhH14GLk5Oib7ZY2wtqWlTlV8pmOtvPFDNHYgJuCpicS81Mxv4lPRe7DryzOicCxa7ubIzQTicU5BCs06NP6GpHjJTJAE57w2g%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1qlh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mrvnucoh67u" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbiiha"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Prefix Sliding for efficient test-time scaling</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1w3o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi15m3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs</a></span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">/</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2608.26070</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1w3o" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi15m3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/Muennighoff/prefix-sliding" target="_blank">https://github.com/Muennighoff/prefix-sliding</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1pxs"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrvnvvqed6z" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1dc2" data-nest-level="2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">注意力为何集中在推理两端</span></span></span></p><p data-start="601" data-end="644" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全注意力的代价会随着推理链长度持续上升，但模型对这些历史 token 的使用并不均匀。</span></span></p><p data-start="646" data-end="802" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队分析 Qwen3-1.7B 在 AIME25 上的一条推理轨迹后发现，</span></span><strong data-start="683" data-end="705"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">注意力呈现出明显的“两头高、中间低”</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p data-start="646" data-end="802" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最前面的 Prefix 和最近生成的一段 token 获得更多关注，中间大量推理 token 的注意力则整体处于低位。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtcz4uuf1ijs"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.2802874743326489" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1948" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238843" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0ac9eb97&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAC0we6J3ZR4Lx37aib63icwSeLx2MibB5zQn6V8l7K9MKlfJTA7ks5CdHSw2t9gD9cunb8kLd2c8lwadPyQBBbr8jjiad9ElcvkR0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">长推理中的注意力主要集中在前缀和最近生成的 token</span></span></p><p data-start="858" data-end="1091" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Prefix 中保存着系统指令、任务描述和工具信息，其中最前面的几个 token，尤其前 4 个 token，还承担 attention sink 的作用。最近生成的 token 则对应模型当前正在处理的问题。</span></span></p><p data-start="858" data-end="1091" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文用一个简单算式 ((42 + 84) × 4) - 5 为例：完成 42 + 84 后，后续计算可能只需要这个结果，不再需要保留此前完整的推理过程。</span></span></p><p data-start="1093" data-end="1144" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="1093" data-end="1144"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这也构成了 Prefix Sliding 的直接动机：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">后续计算未必需要始终携带完整的推理历史。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi16dx"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbi1766"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding如何丢掉中间Token？</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1181" data-end="1279" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Prefix Sliding 固定保留任务前缀，最近 W 个推理 token 构成滑动窗口。随着生成继续，</span></span><strong data-start="1234" data-end="1279"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">更早的中间 token 会逐步从后续注意力计算所使用的 KV Cache 中移除。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="1281" data-end="1424" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">假设 Prefix 有 100 token、窗口为 4096，即使完整推理已经达到 10 万 token，</span></span><strong data-start="1334" data-end="1386"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">后续注意力计算最多只需保留约 4196 token</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="1281" data-end="1424" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="1334" data-end="1386"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">窗口填满后，单步成本不再随着完整推理链增长。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtcz8th81i1l"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.2544132917964694" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1926" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238844" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=aa09c1c9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAM2QCAxeHvOUic9ymvN7fB7zwUweNA4Kd6lXk4Zr18Yslg8KmxMuebeickL230LJic62d5ORXSyD5ZoXNHBhLIkYibXpI2VN1trzc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">Prefix 固定保留，最近的推理 token 随窗口向前移动</span></span></p><p data-start="1484" data-end="1539" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">普通滑动窗口会让最开始的任务信息逐步移出窗口，</span></span><strong data-start="1507" data-end="1539"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding 则始终保留 Prefix</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="1541" data-end="1704" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队最终采用 Continue PE。附录在 AIME25 上的实验显示，它与 Reset PE 表现相近，同时无需反复应用新的位置编码，可以直接复用已有缓存表示，计算更高效。</span></span></p><p data-start="1706" data-end="1886" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队还针对 NVIDIA Hopper 实现了专用 FlashAttention 内核。</span></span></p><p data-start="1706" data-end="1886" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对完全位于 Prefix 和滑动窗口之外的 tile 直接跳过，对与有效区域部分重叠的 tile 做元素级 Mask，从而减少无效加载和计算，</span></span><strong data-start="1825" data-end="1846"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实际速度也接近普通滑动窗口的实现</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczakqm36"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.4444444444444444" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1224" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238846" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=7a3c3cf1&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAu7WA2hfy62JZvLTdCibRCuEAKeMScW8FzBibgSHRgic39LCmE9fWnhBML3106nic02z9rIiafWBjpJ7CUMMTiblYjgxxzaaUwLAacU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">窗口填满后，Prefix Sliding 的生成吞吐趋于稳定</span></span></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;id&#34;:&#34;nice&#34;,&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;data-website&#34;:&#34;https://www.mdnice.com&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:null,&#34;data-pm-slice&#34;:&#34;0 0 []&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;style&#34;:&#34;text-align: left; margin: 0px 0.5em 24px; line-height: 1em;&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbjqq7"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=02b3d63d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D8"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1sey"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无需训练最高提速3倍，RL扩展到10万Token</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1977" data-end="2181" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在无需额外训练的设置下，作者以 Qwen3-1.7B 为主模型，在 AIME25、GPQA 和 MATH500 上进行评测。</span></span></p><p data-start="1977" data-end="2181" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="2039" data-end="2101"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding 的优势来自同样思考时间内可以生成更多 token，并非单个 token 本身质量变高。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="2183" data-end="2445" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 4096 token 窗口为例，Prefix Sliding 在 AIME25、GPQA 和 MATH500 上与全注意力表现接近，但在长序列下吞吐明显更高，128K 时达到 5224 tok/s，而全注意力只有 448 tok/s。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczivoonx7"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.2673913043478261" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1840" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238851" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cfd38ab6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAdBwLccTzvvshXcorkjFc6E5BiaaOPQBr4V5vGarJxVGz1QsUAVI4875ddJCv9ichXDJ1WbnbbNiaTYOtyC3qy2MOkiaibAdNaDpkU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">相同思考时间下，Prefix Sliding 可以生成更多推理 token</span></span></p><p data-start="2447" data-end="2489" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里的“3 倍”比较的是</span></span><strong data-start="2459" data-end="2475"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">相近任务表现下的思考时间</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，并非直接比较上述吞吐数字。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczehxuaxf"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.30833333333333335" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1920" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238849" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=2480d8a4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBlqnsspibzynDjBbIELb1kgfEto7p21HvHSsedbia56y4HtRTgPryBOda2WrvAZfPfhP1Z7A0yX06q7ibr2BGbAeMX8Q9NQOEGjY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">相同思考时间下，Prefix Sliding 可以生成更多推理 token</span></span></p><p data-start="2555" data-end="2776" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">强化学习阶段，Prefix Sliding 还能将 rollout 扩展到</span></span><strong data-start="2593" data-end="2610"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">10 万 token 以上</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。为避免对整条超长轨迹做完整反向传播，作者采用</span></span><strong data-start="2633" data-end="2643"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">截断反向传播</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p data-start="2555" data-end="2776" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">滑动窗口跨多层的理论感受野可达 W×L，不过作者援引已有分析指出，受信息瓶颈影响，</span></span><strong data-start="2685" data-end="2706"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实际有效感受野更接近约 1.5×W</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，因此对最后一个窗口进行反向传播时，只需提供此前有限的上下文。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczl0wc530" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238853" data-ratio="1.4224137931034482" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="696" style="width: 78%;flex-basis: auto;background-color: transparent;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4fca4305&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAwZcIxpub8WkghBI8JkFgxicdhEtrHwAb5fcWmfUtYNcAsqZCpVibGLgdCpuscmBNuoQfSOIb4WEFxppibSufyMmuLwUnVribvkMs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">超长推理轨迹可以采用分块或截断反向传播</span></span></p><p data-start="2824" data-end="3070" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">例如一条 10 万 token 的轨迹，窗口为 2048 时，</span></span><strong data-start="2855" data-end="2923"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">训练端只接收最后 8192 token，前 6144 token 作为上下文，最后 2048 token 计算 RL loss。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="2824" data-end="3070" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">实验显示，只保留 1 倍窗口会导致较大的 KL 偏差，扩大到 2 倍后明显下降，4 倍已经与 8 倍基本接近，因此主实验采用 4 倍窗口。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtd0fcjq12he"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238867" data-ratio="0.4296875" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1024" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=26eda2ba&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBAenPyn7RxibZNEM9fFEfPuRWroT0eTxVxaBIMAnhvkf95gmzosOibgedVicvWYpNfBC0Fo1GpuCyZGmEUM4fmY8Lp2KdGgA9mVE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">传入更多历史 token 后，截断反向传播的 KL 偏差迅速下降</span></span></p><p data-start="3072" data-end="3296" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">附录还在 DeepSeek-R1-Distill-Qwen-7B 上进行了一次规模较小的异步 RL 实验。</span></span></p><p data-start="3072" data-end="3296" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">结果显示，在训练端输入 32768 token、Prefix Sliding 只对最后 8192 token 反向传播的设置下，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">训练奖励和 AIME24 表现与全注意力相当</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtd0hfbr1ipy"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238869" data-ratio="0.29338842975206614" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1936" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=7ca2e8e1&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAXoW6BWiage13YYeoagYD1HibfEwsicWqIhQ8HEFmnZAVCk3wLiaVib789OVibjLl9wp0QYOaQSTmfyjb5Z8o5wwF3ESDAvMfEWvXQI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">7B 模型上，截断反向传播与全注意力表现相当</span></span></p><p data-start="3072" data-end="3296" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作者也明确指出，更大规模、更长推理链上的表现仍需进一步验证。</span></span></p><p data-start="3298" data-end="3418" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在相近的内存预算下</span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，全注意</span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">力最大长度为 8192 token，</span></span><strong data-start="3329" data-end="3378"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding 则将最大生成长度逐步提高到 104K，并获得更高的训练奖励。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczn0iu88r"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238854" data-ratio="0.6479690522243714" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1034" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b918a764&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAONobZJKFAYBcaNGaOxWPj7PsUuTCFa0II2WemQIUaFGSgAcyvWbbqF01W1NZRuoVldLtd4RYG3DBsA2ARze3QicMLpv1QAGFA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">相近内存预算下，Prefix Sliding 支撑更长的强化学习轨迹</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj5wd"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4dec98de&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D9"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbjmbx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">中间Token并非都能丢</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><p data-start="3485" data-end="3760" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与 Last-k、Summary 和普通滑动窗口相比，</span></span><strong data-start="3512" data-end="3544"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Prefix Sliding 的性能与效率综合表现最好</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="3485" data-end="3760" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Last-k 会重复处理保留 token，普通滑动窗口则会逐渐丢掉任务前缀。Summary 还需要额外生成摘要并引入更多超参数，真实样例中，模型看起来甚至会忽略摘要里的已有推导，重新开始求解。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczppkd15ss"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.6374207188160677" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1892" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238856" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5b4a2e59&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBhw7EZ4ghvkfQ1FLpslKTf7a9BQqGFbftPD6rGRCT9NpIFHfNnSUyviaE3R1Gsibynl4uwiaSg5HbofvhdOGuLgkUnhODQTft7ic8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 []"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">Prefix Sliding 与 Last-k、Summary 和普通滑动窗口的性能—效率对比</span></span></p><p data-start="3836" data-end="4040" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在无需训练的 LiveCodeBench 实验中，模型可能先写代码，再用数千 token 的注释继续思考，等回到代码时，早先内容已经滑出窗口。</span></span></p><p data-start="3836" data-end="4040" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="3907" data-end="3940"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">至少需要 16384 token 窗口，才能匹配全注意力。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="3836" data-end="4040" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作者也指出，如果使用 Prefix Sliding 进行强化学习，模型可能学会调整这类注释推理行为，从而允许更短的窗口。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtczr30l1sqy" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238859" data-ratio="0.6751740139211136" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="862" style="width: 89%;flex-basis: auto;height: auto !important;background-color: transparent;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6f7efede&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDg6okFoibPdtx0icSLkDAgknpPiaqMOvSjpDGQjwribO6zbCaxia5M2qbZCsl3swQD3TDCiaIlSRD6Rdv9WdfOH1jJtVukKvrMsUWhQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><p style="text-align: left;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;line-height: 1em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1n3j" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;data-website&#34;:&#34;https://www.mdnice.com&#34;,&#34;data-pm-slice&#34;:&#34;0 0 []&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;data-tool&#34;:&#34;mdnice编辑器&#34;,&#34;data-website&#34;:&#34;https://www.mdnice.com&#34;,&#34;data-pm-slice&#34;:&#34;0 0 []&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(0, 82, 255);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 12px;letter-spacing: 1px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;">LiveCodeBench 至少需要 16384 token 窗口才能匹配全注意力</span></span></p></div></div><p data-start="4111" data-end="4233" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><strong data-start="4111" data-end="4124"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">短任务也未必受益。</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">HealthBench 平均只生成约 2086 token，而窗口为 2048，很多样本还没真正进入滑动阶段，因此可获得的加速空间很有限。</span></span></p><p data-start="4235" data-end="4396" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Agent 场景中，一次过长的网页或文件输出可能直接填满有限窗口，甚至让模型无法同时读取完整内容。</span></span></p><p data-start="4235" data-end="4396" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">多轮交互也带来新的上下文管理难题：</span></span><strong data-start="4303" data-end="4356"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">后续用户指令究竟应该并入 Prefix 长期保留，还是允许它们随后滑出窗口，论文目前没有给出定论。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="4398" data-end="4620" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Prefix Sliding 也没有降低超长 Prefix 在 Prefill 阶段带来的 KV Cache 开销。</span></span></p><p data-start="4398" data-end="4620" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文的直接实证比较还主要限定在能够直接用于现有预训练 Transformer、同时满足单步生成成本有界的方法，并没有覆盖其他模型架构、亚二次复杂度方法和混合滑动窗口模型。</span></span></p></div></div><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 5px 0.5em 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;text-align: center;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.14555555555555555" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="4500" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=053185a0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26tp%3Dwebp%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">结语</span></span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Prefix Sliding 把长推理的效率问题进一步具体化为一个上下文管理问题：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">已经生成的历史信息，到底需要保留多久。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">哪些信息应该长期保留在 Prefix 中，哪些可以随窗口移出，仍然需要更细致的上下文管理策略。在代码任务、Agent 场景中的大体量工具输出以及多轮交互中，是否还需要额外的记忆机制，也没有定论。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现有结果表明，固定前缀加滑动窗口能够显著降低超长推理成本，但它在更大模型、更复杂的长期任务上的适用范围仍需后续验证。</span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1hzz"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="3"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="4"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="5"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="6"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;" data-nest-level="7"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="8">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-nest-level="2" data-mpa-action-id="mrvqfzbj1wlg"><a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247721660&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=d83e012a94601ad35aacb132e5f9493f&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect" imgurl="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/RBRgSeVXhYMEHcb04TzWvickwxMlbMgIsrV1ibR0dLodHicyPkzjDHsm1X51hAmf2f6keT6gL8MAs3zmh1LPfK6H19CmNJIOrNzaVKMribsbrGg/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg#imgIndex=16" linktype="image" tab="innerlink" data-itemshowtype="0" target="_blank" data-linktype="1"><span style="width:100%;" class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 21:55:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>哈工深提出图像修复新方法：一张图一套策略，测试时动态调整</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722518&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=e55414cdddabfd4ac735c8a327313660</link>
      <description>图像修复因图而异</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-28 21:55</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b409e3a5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeDibstXOb774E2Z9HuMJsXXdiarfDUM8M1a7B6999kX5OiagrbtmicyxZ8PcUovVqoBW35t66DD5rtbCJjGatG3aj5jhpknZhEmiaao%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>图像修复因图而异</p>
  <p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 48px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1o6o"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="100" data-imgfileid="100000160" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g16u6"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt43ufah1fzm" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1ve6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">背景挑战</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1cx4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">图像修复面对的退化天然具有很强的输入依赖性。即使属于同一种任务，不同图像的退化程度、空间分布和频率组成也可能截然不同。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1cx4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同样是低光，一张图像可能主要存在整体照度不足，另一张图像真正缺失的却是暗部纹理；同样是去雨，不同场景中的雨纹密度、尺度和方向也可能完全不同。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1gwe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但大多数恢复模型在训练完成后，仍主要依赖一套共享参数处理不同测试图像。模型当然可以产生不同的 feature response，但决定“如何恢复”的核心规则，仍主要来自训练阶段学到的共享参数。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gxuo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这让我们进一步思考：如果 degradation 本身是 instance-specific 的，那么 restoration operator 是否也应该是 instance-specific 的？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gxuo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于这一思考，我们提出 TTTIR，将图像修复重新表述为 Instance-Specific State Evolution，让当前图像参与决定自己应该如何被恢复。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtd01coe1t7x"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.38564356435643565" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="2020" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238862" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=23dfc878&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCEelWu8wSYpymQe49bC3vs9XcdiboRia6ePYGl35EeacaiakxWiciblIdm9Sdpq63fpBaSfK9I5BM0LtEXWtpxM2XiaWQhm3Dib2Nsso%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1ga5j" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43ster9qv"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1uca"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/Elysiaaaaaaaa/TTTIR.git" target="_blank">https://github.com/Elysiaaaaaaaa/TTTIR.git</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g110q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gvju"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43ster20c0"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32985.48485" target="_blank">http://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.32985.48485</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1zpb"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e0c6b132&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g13ss"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">核心问题</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1bmw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TTT 让 optimization 本身成为 forward computation 的一部分。当前输入产生内部学习信号，并通过梯度更新轻量 fast weights。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1bmw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">于是，测试图像不再只是网络的输入，也开始参与决定当前 forward 中实际使用的算子。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g14cm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但仅仅让 operator 能够针对当前图像变化还不够。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g14cm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">标准 TTT 更关注对当前输入或上下文的建模，而图像修复具有明确的恢复方向：当前退化状态并不是需要被重建的终点，而应该继续向结构更完整、细节更丰富的状态演化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g14cm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，将 TTT 引入图像修复的关键，不只是让模型“能够变化”，还需要告诉它“下一步应该往哪里变化”。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gzox"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0637fe2c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1izl"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">方法概览</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gc5t"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5277777777777778" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="305" data-imgfileid="100124736" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=beed490e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPF4HmIFROlHYTr4Yibp2hFycsEfh1ribtQWlZvkfao2nRcQydY8AFPbjPsibI4ltV9zgrJuX8OfQ7Q01k8ymbIG3CbHjKlwDsaP8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p mpa-font-style="mt43vtdu19s1" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: left;line-height: 1em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gtf1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> Figure 1: TTTIR 的整体结构</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1xi2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于这一问题，TTTIR 将图像修复建模为 progressive state evolution，并把整个过程拆成两个连续的问题：下一步应该向什么状态演化，以及针对当前图像应该如何完成这一步转移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g7qq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">PSSG 负责前一个问题。它从空间和频率两个互补维度构造一系列渐进目标状态，将从全局结构恢复到局部细节重建的过程显式组织成一条 target trajectory，为 inner-loop 提供明确的 restoration direction。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1w26"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">STE 则负责“如何完成转移”。它将下一目标状态作为 inner-loop guidance，并利用当前状态与下一目标状态构造内部学习信号，动态更新轻量 transition operator。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1w26"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">由于这一更新由当前图像及其目标状态共同决定，不同输入会形成不同的 operator trajectory，从而实现 image-specific state transition。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1ka4"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="1.2435185185185185" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="719" data-imgfileid="100124737" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=fa562b84&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMZ0dRibwf8LwSuouDrVXInv3qXzFiaVq7g4S4eHrLhtwQcicb27wWkSsBxkQ6Mw6n45IDlicW2sopUEKMseTOJl9X0ZiaykMhUZeTg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g93u"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv4ud"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Algorithm 1：TTTIR 中渐进目标状态生成与状态转移演化的完整流程。</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g17lv"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ff5ea38f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g6k5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gvvw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TTTIR 在低光增强、去雨、去雨滴和去雾等多个图像修复 benchmark 上进行了验证。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g7ge"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3148148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="182" data-imgfileid="100124738" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f5e638b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNVmD3F1m299GHmZY04tukAaibYvHSjf6CNuHicqsadUCHVpn8kIzVMqIbpGeQzECx6PLR2iaaZtYhfUhQuzV1iaDBXB8Lo35OoDicQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1qua"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43yj1u1pxe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Table 1：低光增强实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g16bu"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3712962962962963" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="215" data-imgfileid="100124739" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=39e94c81&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPdBDDuoz8kEBXAXe1qosB0nNic3ZiaFVdbbqQcWLh7wtSyAeXSFk7lQVjKIuFiagicEMjgy6t9iajIca7X4860SWPQlPWV0XeRUicQc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1nt0"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Table 2：去雨实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gz9s"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.38055555555555554" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="220" data-imgfileid="100124740" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c5801b87&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNINnHSejwiaPIkCAdCBDglEZGk1HyBibgonPhrXDer7z6FHLWOWCsh8hmM8ibFQJICKmhwJ3WxQGDBHGf0NIwMrHyZgdOCrwFVxU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1kgu"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43yj1u16tp"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Table 3：去噪实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1x4n"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在定量性能上，LOL-v2-Real 达到 30.78 dB / 0.9070 SSIM，五个 rain streak removal benchmark 平均达到 32.35 dB / 0.918 SSIM，Haze4K 达到 28.06 dB / 0.970 SSIM。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1x4n"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时，当前低光配置仅包含 0.787M 参数。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1u2o"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除了最终恢复性能，我们更希望验证两个与核心设计直接相关的问题：构造的状态是否真的具有渐进性？不同图像是否真的形成了不同的转移算子？</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1vxm"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.674074074074074" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="390" data-imgfileid="100124741" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=04e3f6f5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNiaa35WVGuibaiaSPPc0sJrBvXYKePsn8M5fkmwBbZib6aVz0zZh9VMZS7ib9fwWb4TuN6YI07p0TK5QMz35yuGt4zlLo7lGbqdIow%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g8jr"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span mpa-font-style="mt440tm72bq" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt440tm7kq5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Figure 2:（a）面向图像修复的 TTT 内循环；（b）不同演化层级下目标状态的 DWT 能量分布；（c）不同图像在各恢复阶段诱导产生的内循环权重更新相对幅度。</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从 state evolution 角度看，Figure 2(b) 中不同 target state 的 DWT energy distribution 呈现出从低频结构信息逐渐向高频细节迁移的趋势，与设计中的 Structure Recovery → Detail Reconstruction 相一致。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这表明不同 restoration states 并不是简单重复的中间表示，而是在演化过程中承担着不同的恢复角色。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gpe3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从 operator evolution 的角度看，Figure 2(c) 显示，不同测试图像在多个 restoration stage 中产生了不同的 relative operator updates，即不同输入确实诱导出了不同的 fast-weight 更新轨迹。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gpe3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这两组分析分别从 state 和 operator 两个层面验证了 TTTIR：前者体现 Progressive，后者则进一步体现 Image-Specific。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1ppq"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.43666026871401153" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1042" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="252" data-imgfileid="100124742" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd17dc8d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPgZAt423iasbfxbVus8WkwqvpOmfThdF50RdPfbs3cNmWZH9BX87n8IdibibBicRH2Ns5aic0z8ecicRq1WmMibymlWcpFlvBM2WDN90%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1ghj1"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span mpa-font-style="mt445lbzcav" style="font-size: 12px;"><span style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt445lbz1xe8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Figure 3：不同输入分辨率下的推理速度与 GPU 显存占用对比。</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g3nf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在参数量可比的设置下，TTTIR 在相同输入分辨率下保持了较低的推理开销和 GPU 显存占用，表明其在高分辨率图像上具有良好的 scalability。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1ge9y"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.33796296296296297" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="195" data-imgfileid="100124743" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=23219bf3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMu70EnLY3sXtVKshUjS68l6jbAZ4GkD87a2GSpVaibRCXyzVkBoZtf4GmKT4h4wku8DFjEy4Q2ySwjyhjMdkSzEDRxmCFlCUicE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1r6k"><span mpa-font-style="mt43wzzxhfh" style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0t31hmh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43x0sv1wm1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓 </span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mt446do0cik" data-mpa-action-id="mt446do21cry"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Table 4：关键模块与目标状态设计的消融实验。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1go9f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">消融结果表明，PSSG 与 STE 均能带来稳定增益；将 Next-State Target 替换为 Current-State Target 后性能下降，也进一步验证了 restoration-oriented state transition 的必要性。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g13hl"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cbae6fff&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D13"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gvje"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结与展望</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gqlj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TTTIR 并不是简单将 TTT 移植到图像修复，而是重新思考了 TTT inner-loop 在 restoration 中应该学习什么：从重建当前状态，转向学习下一步的状态转移。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gqlj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">通过显式的恢复方向与输入驱动的 operator adaptation，不同图像最终形成各自的状态演化过程。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gi8r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43sgr617l"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从这个角度看，Image-Specific 的核心并不是放弃共享知识，而是重新思考 shared knowledge 与 instance-specific computation 之间的边界。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1gi8r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt43sgr617l"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">前者提供稳定的恢复能力，后者针对当前图像动态调整状态转移，使共享恢复知识能够进一步适应具体实例。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt455s1g1id0"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Fri, 28 Aug 2026 21:55:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>李飞飞团队重构具身智能接口：「视觉轨迹」成为世界模型新语言</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722484&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=e029fbc66cfcf32f1e544713bd322b92</link>
      <description>让机器人先预演再行动</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-27 20:53</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
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  <p>让机器人先预演再行动</p>
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style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">动作指令很适合让机器人执行，却未必适合让世界模型预测未来。李飞飞、吴佳俊团队尝试用视觉轨迹补上这层接口。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-start="31" data-end="63" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu36ll"><strong data-start="31" data-end="63"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">李飞飞、吴佳俊团队，最近又在机器人世界模型上推进了一步。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="65" data-end="153" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3116k"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这项工作从策略模型和世界模型之间的信息接口切入。现有这类方法通常把机器人动作作为世界模型的条件信号，但动作依赖具体机器人本体，也很难直接描述图像空间中任务相关点接下来如何运动。</span></span></p><p data-start="155" data-end="272" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3zym"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队于是把视觉轨迹（Visual Tracks）放到了控制与预测之间，让策略模型同时给出动作和对应的视觉轨迹，再由世界模型根据轨迹预演未来。</span></span></p><p data-start="155" data-end="272" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu310tp"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于这套思路，他们提出了 </span></span><strong data-start="240" data-end="272"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">TrAct</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">用视觉轨迹串起策略生成、未来预测和动作选择。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3fhi"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238814" data-ratio="0.41143497757847536" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1784" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a1bb3fd1&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCS4tuWEdqePXVI5qCu8iaT3oRBd4RUVibnPAwprvmjkm2fNb5XKh2ficgJTLEP2VVniczJdOIWuVDvT1924d9JuwOpsOfXICs39yE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1n21" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt2vb4hm9p0" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ug0l" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 16px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TrAct: Bridging Robot Control and Visual Prediction with Visual Tracks</span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1uw6" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uous" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 16px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.24101" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/pdf/2608.24101</a></span></span></span></p><p data-start="274" data-end="453" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu320qb"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">一旦任务开始变难，视觉轨迹的优势就出来了。</span></span></p><p data-start="274" data-end="453" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu317ae"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 π0.5 为基线，TrAct 在 LIBERO-INTEGRAL 上将平均成功率从 27% 提升到 55%；真实 Franka 面对未见任务和背景变化时，也从 49% 提升到 76%。而且，</span></span><strong data-start="396" data-end="415"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">世界模型对未来的预测也更准了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3887"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3xse"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxawfrp1cw9"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" mpa-font-style="mrxawkhek05"><span mpa-font-style="mrxax9b01c2o" style="font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mrxax9b9bdv"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">动作为什么不是理想接口？</span></span></span></span></span></p><p data-start="503" data-end="664" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">机器人动作通常是低维、与具体本体绑定的控制指令。Franka 和 UR5 即便完成相似操作，也可能需要不同的控制指令。</span></span></p><p data-start="503" data-end="664" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同一动作最终产生什么视觉结果，又取决于场景几何、物体状态和接触动态。世界模型需要从这些稀疏、与本体相关的指令中推断稠密的视觉未来。</span></span></p><p data-start="666" data-end="793" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文引用的已有研究甚至发现，动作条件视频模型可能忽略错误动作，更多依赖视觉先验生成看似合理的结果。</span></span></p><p data-start="666" data-end="793" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">视觉轨迹则直接描述任务相关点在图像空间里如何移动，为未来预测提供更明确的空间约束。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi8psuhuh" data-remoteid="" data-asynid="" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCsFjZDNxJaNPm4PxtxwnZjaRmn3aerDibKbg15OMgibO5f2hOABZEOYxibp8mmuPYdr7Auf3h54wT4knT2LG7PGEIoDFOfltONO8/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-src="" align="" alt="" border="" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="" aria-label="" aria-braillelabel="" aria-description="" height="" hspace="" ismap="" opacity="" sizes="" title="" type="block" usemap="" vspace="" width="" data-width="" data-height="" data-croporisrc="" data-cropx1="" data-cropx2="" data-cropy1="" data-cropy2="" data-cropselx1="" data-cropselx2="" data-cropsely1="" data-cropsely2="" data-backw="" data-backh="" data-copyright="" data-oversubscription-url="" data-before-oversubscription-url="" data-galleryid="" data-gallerysupplier="" data-cardimg="" data-fileid="" data-imgfileid="100238815" data-positionback="" data-imgqrcoded="" data-imgid="" data-upload="1" data-fromlib="" data-aiimageid="" data-aiimagesource="" data-cacheurl="" data-aistatus="1" data-retry="" data-ignore-width=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.2818371607515658" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1916" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238817" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=7bd58473&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAcpFxZgHCHY6j3EVTc44ODrIh92RqvzY3oic6fM8tlUNgKJUJibk7ia3BcM7GlIwVTTZakruNoFZrZTA7bFX4sicHxoRhXnibBazM4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">TrAct 的整体思路与视觉轨迹接口</span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu31ydf"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=deddeccd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D3"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu31nhk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrxawlr927c"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">视觉轨迹如何连接控制与预测？</span></span></span></p><p data-start="859" data-end="889" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TrAct 由 VLAT、TWM 和 VLAC 三部分组成。</span></span></p><p data-start="891" data-end="959" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">VLAT 建立在 π0.5 上，根据当前观测和语言指令，同时生成多组动作与视觉轨迹。两者联合预测、成对输出，轨迹并不是由动作再转换得到。</span></span></p><p data-start="961" data-end="1082" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">视觉轨迹描述的是任务相关点随时间在图像空间中的二维运动。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">模型会跟踪夹爪上的 7 个关键点，腕部视角还加入 5×5 个均匀采样的场景点，为场景和相机运动提供参照。</span></span></p><p data-start="1084" data-end="1168" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">随后，TWM 根据当前观测和这些轨迹生成未来视频。它以 Stable Video Diffusion 为骨干，通过 ControlNet 将视觉轨迹编码为空间控制条件。</span></span></p><p data-start="1170" data-end="1257" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">作为直接对照，团队还训练了动作条件世界模型 AWM。两种世界模型使用相同的预训练数据和下游微调数据。</span></span></p><p data-start="1259" data-end="1402" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">候选视频生成后，VLAC 根据任务指令逐一打分，系统再执行最高分结果对应的动作。每个决策步，仿真采样 20 组候选，真机采样 16 组。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbibaoc214b"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.3942307692307692" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1872" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238819" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=dc4d5d02&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDrZz0X4QATrApBA0PWBn9mAoAjNJoyORSzAhJoTfhjNBdtDIuqf1Raodnoos7b34WyMoueroic8PSNqZCTaxU8fNnianKEUM6lM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">TrAct 的策略生成、未来预测与结果筛选流程</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1454" data-end="1574" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此前已经有工作把二维点轨迹、光流用于策略表示，也有研究用视觉运动来条件化世界模型。</span></span><strong data-start="1495" data-end="1536"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">TrAct 的区别，是进一步让这种中间表示进入基于视觉未来的任务评估闭环。 </span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3da"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=aeb6d289&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu313bi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrxawlr9tdw"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">世界模型想得更准，机器人才能选得更准</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1599" data-end="1700" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">动作条件世界模型容易出现夹爪姿态错误、物体消失、跨视角位置不一致等问题。改用视觉轨迹后，未来视频的空间位置更准确，运动也更连贯。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbids121058"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.3378661087866109" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1912" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238822" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=bec49c2a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeD32P3FcSe1NVW4lJ3g1yjKlmY9WmhicFVFsSTNemBZ0NcUo05lAVIoDoXCoVic9krYNN47ToiaBfM06CCzAB3DtkmibbLb8rU0Oec%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">两类世界模型的未来视频定性对比</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="1789" data-end="1961" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在真实与仿真、外部视角（agent view）与腕部视角（wrist view）下，TWM 在五项视频指标上全部优于 AWM。</span></span></p><p data-start="1789" data-end="1961" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以仿真外部视角为例，PSNR 从 15.12 提升到 24.51，LPIPS 从 0.438 降到 0.106，FVD 从 129 降到 38。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbihl2pvkj"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.25341745531019977" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1902" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238827" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=152b4d50&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCutkecJZLY1BgictJOIoaqcxOWtj43XSK4MWU3jBo9tyMm5XrIMhWrgiaJUa732WtDUv9xm1ZcV8KTTnyrtt4a39n1HHicqEia7e4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">轨迹条件与动作条件世界模型的视频预测质量</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="2009" data-end="2155" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">LIBERO-INTEGRAL 中，π0.5 的平均成功率为 27%；联合预测动作和视觉轨迹后，VLAT 升至 44%；加入动作条件世界模型筛选达到 49%；采用轨迹条件世界模型后，TrAct 进一步达到 55%。</span></span></p><p data-start="2157" data-end="2271" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">VLAT+AWM 与 TrAct 沿用同一套 VLAT 候选生成和 VLAC 筛选流程，主要区别在世界模型的条件信号：前者使用动作，后者使用视觉轨迹。</span></span></p><p data-start="2273" data-end="2380" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在三个独立随机种子下重新评估，TrAct 的平均成功率为 54.7%，VLAT+AWM 为 49.0%，两者 95% 置信区间没有重叠。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbije5hg7d"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.1816261879619852" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1894" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238829" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1367ccef&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAAO48vkPdru38qo4taDZFRqPwwWCbxa7nlu88cIa9icEicJJNqbvJAsPunu7AmKRaJicWyR4kwSfN1KC0lCCIuRLvzoYesasQVuk%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">轨迹条件与动作条件世界模型的视频预测质量</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2382" data-end="2439" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;"><em data-start="2403" data-end="2439"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">LIBERO-INTEGRAL 在不同分布偏移与跨本体设置下的结果。</span></span></em></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu3g9p"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ff5ea38f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D6"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu31lsa"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrxawlr9e5w"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从未见背景到 UR5，泛化才是关键</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2463" data-end="2636" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">标准 LIBERO 已经接近饱和，π0.5 和 TrAct 的平均成功率分别为 96.8% 和 98.3%。</span></span></p><p data-start="2463" data-end="2636" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此团队进一步构造 LIBERO-INTEGRAL，加入物体替换、物体位置、任务设定、相机视角和机器人初始状态等变化，以及 Franka→UR5 的跨本体测试。</span></span></p><p data-start="2638" data-end="2710" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中跨本体一项，π0.5 只有 17%，TrAct 达到 50%。</span></span></p><p data-start="2712" data-end="2946" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">真实机器人实验中，团队在 Franka 上收集了 400 条演示，覆盖 4 个训练任务，并用这些数据微调模型。</span></span></p><p data-start="2712" data-end="2946" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">随后测试 5 个训练中没出现过的操作任务，每个任务都分别在训练背景和一个视觉差异明显的未见背景下测试。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbiewyo3x8" data-pm-slice="1 3 []"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.28167539267015707" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1910" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238825" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c9ffb6d1&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCR5weO0j7NmNMBnFQtLFicpFe9PU7kVpBuH1krIrWZHZOyKD4vwgg0Gk2dTE7IrZ13bObV9QPGFpRhQrcflXWxLA8Pz3fYVdeY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">真实机器人任务中的执行序列与轨迹预测</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2712" data-end="2946" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最终 π0.5、VLAT+AWM 和 TrAct 的平均成功率分别为 49%、66% 和 76%。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbintg9839"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="0.41150922909880566" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1842" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238830" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=95b5af74&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDNFZXoNcqHSS2iauFcNqwOupw2ibvZ7QlS9HbzxhUd8ozLu17OcMHI41ia9mkGXVuVLWvSI2G7wjRQgjTR7aSXMgxBAeKMpF6JVU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">真实机器人分布外任务及不同背景下的成功率</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="2994" data-end="3145" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">未见背景下差距更明显。关柜门任务中，VLAT+AWM 的成功率只有 40%，TrAct 仍达到 70%。绿块入碗和倒意面任务上也有约 20 个百分点优势。</span></span></p><p data-start="2994" data-end="3145" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文认为，轨迹条件直接约束了图像空间中的运动，因此在背景变化下更稳健。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbiom2p1az3"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-ratio="1.2477231329690346" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1098" type="block" data-imgfileid="100238834" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9c4fff8d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeD1hZH33u5xMswcCLuIlibiceYpqTkhxZITllUEh9MvGH33hmURp9jtJbESoMUENN9bfbcvUs7D5d6LE3ngCgTMunibPFPbKAdsh0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu37po"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="mrxb1syp156d" data-mpa-action-id="mrxb1syve3q" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mtbi5bu37po&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syp156d&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mrxb1syve3q&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">训练背景与未见背景下的真实机器人轨迹预测</span></span></span></p><p data-start="3194" data-end="3347" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这种统一轨迹表示还让 DROID 机器人数据和 EgoDex 人类第一视角视频共享同一个轨迹预测目标。</span></span></p><p data-start="3194" data-end="3347" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">EgoDex 中的人手运动和机器人可执行动作无法用同一套控制参数表示，因此只用来监督视觉轨迹，机器人数据则同时监督轨迹与动作。</span></span></p><p data-start="3349" data-end="3445" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">扩大预训练数据后，TrAct+ 在</span></span><strong data-start="3366" data-end="3387"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">选取的 5 个最困难 UR5 任务</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">上，从 32% 进一步提升到 38%。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu417qn"><span leaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c043ff7e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D11"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu417dt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mrxawlr9vfc"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">结语</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TrAct 最终执行的仍是机器人动作，真正变化的是策略模型与世界模型之间的信息接口。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在这里，视觉轨迹更像是一种共同语言：一头连着机器人的控制，一头连着世界模型对未来的预测。</span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu421hg"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mtbi5bu43iz"><a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247721698&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=e3991c804531107e2398afb91035fbdc&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect" imgurl="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/RBRgSeVXhYOYZXQLKzYSussLibssqKt4LhDdTozPQ032XToHbDtR8iac2Ag0su6uuicic3ibA8h0GJP0u7Pus5eZCGic2kxKEnfOEmrOoL19m3cWM/640?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg#imgIndex=22" linktype="image" tab="innerlink" data-itemshowtype="0" target="_blank" data-linktype="1"><span style="width:100%;" class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.21851851851851853" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="126" data-imgfileid="100124298" 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 20:53:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>ICML 2026 | 量化和蒸馏不该分两步走，GRACE让2B模型直逼7B教师</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722484&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=4e01fedcc314721790fbd3e36eccd024</link>
      <description>低比特也能学得更好</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>陈彦龙</span> <span>2026-08-27 20:53</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=503e33c0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeD5icftkZpmBbpYrVjrNgLwxcR3Ym0uFYjPJCBYKiaUgH6kDwrxGYicvxpBGJYUuq1peA0E8wIfFYPNhnwJ5z0E67CBVoKG8jElMQ%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>低比特也能学得更好</p>
  <p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 40px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyndo"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" type="block" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1fca"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8hu89514z2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">©PaperWeekly </span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">原创</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">·</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">作者</span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;"> |</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 陈彦龙</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyrrf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">单位</span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;"> | </span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">ETH Zurich硕士</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1l81"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">研究方向</span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;"> | </span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8hu895ptq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">量化感知训练与知识蒸馏</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy14pg"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt8hv6q31f9q" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1c8s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">引言：先蒸馏再量化，错在哪里</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy8oy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">视觉语言模型要落到手机、车机、边缘设备上，通常要同时做两件事：把模型变小（知识蒸馏，KD），把权重变窄（量化，Quantization）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyyls"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">主流做法是把它们排成流水线：先用大模型蒸馏出一个小模型，再对这个小模型做训练后量化（PTQ）。这条路线在 8-bit 上还算稳妥，一旦压到 4-bit 就会明显掉点。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1cgg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">问题出在两个环节各自为战：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy3y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">蒸馏阶段不知道后面要被量化。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">学生模型在全精度下学到的表示，可能分布尖锐、动态范围大、离群值多，恰恰是最不适合低比特表示的那一类。蒸馏优化得越好，量化时反而摔得越重。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qywjz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">量化阶段已经没有教师可用。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">PTQ 只有一小批校准数据和一个已经定型的学生，量化误差引入的表示偏移无法再被纠正。教师那边的知识此时已经用完了。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyj5e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是说，两个阶段各自的最优解拼在一起，并不是整体的最优解。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy20io"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对这个问题，我们提出了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GRACE</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，一个把量化感知训练（QAT）与知识蒸馏在同一目标下联合优化的框架。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mtbgt09m1m97"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238806" data-ratio="0.27475728155339807" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="2060" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=82654ccf&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBvL9iaFuAWDLEl2bCbPKDEVA4Z3pKZKVck7CVsn4j6PREgqhWZRjViaPrVKO9cTSvx7KUtavyORqWSfMzGCHA3hk6iaBPyjTwPjw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1qe3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8hvgx91umb"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1ua4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GRACE: Gated Relational Alignment via Confidence-based Distillation</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy234z"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文链接：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy15gm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22709" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.22709</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1z3g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码链接：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1xb2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/ForeverBlue816/GRACE" target="_blank">https://github.com/ForeverBlue816/GRACE</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qycff"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">模型权重：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy60"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8hvgx91dg7"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://huggingface.co/ForeverBlue" target="_blank">https://huggingface.co/ForeverBlue</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1gnj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Qwen2-VL 7B→2B 上，4-bit 的 GRACE 学生模型八项基准平均分达到 68.0，超过 BF16 学生基线 4.0 个点，也超过此前最强的 4-bit 方法 SPEED-Q 5.7 个点，与 7B 全精度教师的差距压缩到 3.7 个点以内。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1gnj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文已被 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">ICML 2026 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">接收，代码与量化后的模型权重全部开源。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyez"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="468" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124804" data-ratio="0.8101851851851852" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6f91d955&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPJ2CoW3iaScEq5qdj9hG7fyMibI3ZxW8O4iaINR3rbXqMty22zI34fUyzvN21buliam1A2F9EWyibpNzaeeOsNuP22o0uzrTJzicVvI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qylbz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8hwtxh1216"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 12px;" mpa-font-style="mt8hwtxa1h3z"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图1. 精度与模型开销的帕累托对比。GRACE 的量化学生模型位于现有方法构成的前沿之外，在更低的显存开销下取得更高的平均精度</span></span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyt5"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=deddeccd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy24pa"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">核心洞察：让学生在“戴着镣铐”的状态下学</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qywgp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GRACE 的出发点是信息瓶颈（Information Bottleneck，IB）视角下的一个观察：低比特权重限制了学生能够承载的表示复杂度，因此学生不应该去复刻教师的全部输出，而应该有选择地保留那些真正影响决策的信息。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyaoc"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">由此引出三个具体的设计问题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qynk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 教师的哪些输出值得学？教师本身也会出错，在它自己都没把握的样本上强行对齐，学到的是噪声。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1hoj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 除了输出分布，还有什么值得对齐？视觉 token 之间的关系结构，在量化后往往比数值本身更脆弱。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyf27"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. 蒸馏和量化的目标怎么配平？固定权重的多项损失加权，在训练不同阶段几乎必然失衡。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyzxn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GRACE 的四个模块分别回应这几点。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1ae9"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="231" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124805" data-ratio="0.4" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a833a5b3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNzyS6N0EShsNMibyLNWuVn0PQd6EMY97qsCK8yiaEPGBCKSIZXj5LIf0n7jqPzjeEDMcagiaGHuNJcdIkgAx6mojM1aoN66DXAJU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8i1kr5186t" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy20ts"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图2. GRACE 整体框架。学生在量化约束下训练，GDKD 负责置信度门控的输出对齐，RCKA 负责视觉 token 关系对齐，自适应 IB 控制器动态配平两者与任务损失。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyulj"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021730" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=aeb6d289&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qys94"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">方法</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt8i2t6u1ex" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy17e5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.1 GDKD：按教师置信度给蒸馏信号打折</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qywdj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">教师在简单样本上给出的分布尖锐可靠，在困难样本上则接近均匀甚至指向错误答案。GDKD 用教师输出分布的归一化熵构造一个门控权重：教师越确定，蒸馏权重越高；教师越犹豫，权重越低。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1eqx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个门控不是拍脑袋设的。Fano 不等式给出了条件熵与预测错误率之间的联系，熵越高意味着可达到的错误率下界越高。以归一化熵作为置信度代理，与&#34;高熵样本的监督信号更不可靠&#34;这一直觉在理论上是一致的。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1wgj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在此基础上，蒸馏损失沿用解耦知识蒸馏的思路，拆成目标类与非目标类两部分分别加权，避免高置信样本上目标类概率主导整个梯度。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy23hf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.2 RCKA：对齐视觉 token 之间的关系，而不是数值</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy27k"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">量化会扰动每个 token 的激活数值，但同一张图里 token 之间的相对关系结构相对稳定，也更接近模型真正利用的语义信息。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy76y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">RCKA 在 LLM 倒数第二层取出视觉 token 的表示，计算 token 之间的 Gram 矩阵，用中心核对齐（CKA）度量师生两侧关系结构的一致性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy76y"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">CKA 对表示的正交变换和整体缩放不敏感，正好适合学生维度低于教师、且数值被量化扰动的场景。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1jf8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">取倒数第二层是消融后的选择：更浅的层语义不足，最后一层已经过度贴合词表输出。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy11pm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">关系对齐带来的效果在注意力图上看得很直接。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy11pm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于“这个人在喂羊驼吃什么”这类需要定位交互对象的问题，标准 KD 训练出的学生注意力较为发散，而 GRACE 的注意力更集中在胡萝卜以及喂食这一交互区域上，视觉定位能力明显更强。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyula"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="347" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124806" data-ratio="0.6" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b74e9c36&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPyJibEzOOxicIXojQP7qmWVlacOic7wDtGRiaQmN8pawQmJFq0gdicITRttHYfmX8nu65jboseO8ic7lSA2hJbTs2UJic8A8CiacbTEDE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8i3d0914qb" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qysbp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图3. 多层注意力可视化对比。问题为&#34;这个人在喂羊驼吃什么&#34;，GRACE 相比标准 KD 更准确地聚焦在胡萝卜和喂食交互区域。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 40px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyj2r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3 自适应 IB 控制器：不再手调损失权重</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1er0"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">任务损失、蒸馏损失、关系对齐损失三者的权重如果固定，训练早期蒸馏项主导、后期任务项主导，几乎无法一次调好。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1s8b"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GRACE 把它写成一个带约束的优化问题：在蒸馏损失不超过阈值 τ 的前提下最小化任务损失，再用拉格朗日对偶上升动态更新乘子 β。蒸馏损失超出阈值时 β 自动上升，压紧对齐；已经满足约束时 β 回落，把优化预算让给任务本身。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1za3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">需要说明的是，这一部分是 IB 视角启发下的设计，而非对 IB 目标的严格实现，论文附录对此有完整讨论。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 40px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyfy6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.4 分组 LSQ：量化不是训练后才发生的事</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1hlj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">权重量化在训练中就以可微形式参与前向，步长通过 LSQ 学习得到，并采用对数空间参数化保证正性、用分位数初始化避免早期步长震荡。分组粒度为 128，支持 W8G128 与 W4G128 两档精度。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy16ir"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">学生因此从第一步起就是在量化约束下向教师对齐，而不是先学好再被压缩。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy14zu"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021731" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=f28dcc13&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1wz7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy3ju"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.1 主结果：4-bit 反超全精度基线</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy16ba"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Qwen2-VL 7B→2B 设置下，GRACE 的三档精度全面超过 BF16 学生基线：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyrlv"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="636" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124815" data-ratio="1.100238663484487" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="838" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=8f4562c8&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMc1I3znYTjdwfx6PWRlB5ezMvJ1v25djN3DdXib1JlAu5zLvZF8wQqVvtv6Fp7vyFFAH7uNM49o8mwJ40Wp9OgKetia2ad7PZTE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy153f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">值得注意的是两个对比：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy153f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一是 4-bit 的 GRACE（68.0）比全精度的学生基线（64.0）还高 4 个点，说明联合训练带来的收益足以覆盖量化损失；</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy153f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">二是从 BF16 到 4-bit，GRACE 只掉了 1.2 个点，而其他 PTQ 方法在同样的 4-bit 下平均掉在 61 附近。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1skk"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="225" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124809" data-ratio="0.38981481481481484" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a7b0a6bf&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMJVIJb543ECl44SuLQYjY6EllYRV5hIPdObzGtVEYafUX5hod7oO58GicnDKnumxiaadOc1wkm4PJQ1BFc3WgAhJicOWf5X7ckCg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8icp7rf5x" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyxxb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图4. Qwen2-VL-2B 上与主流量化方法的完整对比（八项基准）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1oun"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Qwen3-VL 8B→2B 上结论一致，三档精度相对 BF16 基线（67.3）分别提升 9.4、8.6、7.7 个点。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy22ol"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="254" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124808" data-ratio="0.4388888888888889" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=73156ef5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYM8VibNjnyU0J0WFXabyjuzkCxr9niaRHbcqmbfrLiaDFY04WNHS4ZzsTfx3IDHJJPfcEicYQapOb1sdgPosJpoVtpkHLoL5WqFaMI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p mpa-font-style="mt8ic60ybpz" style="font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy168j"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图5. Qwen3-VL 8B→2B 上的结果。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 40px 0.5em 32px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1zhu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.2 不止于仿真量化：真实 kernel 上的实测</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1pr6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">很多量化工作只报告仿真量化（fake quantization）下的精度，即在训练框架内模拟低比特权重，并未真正部署。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy14u8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们在真实推理栈上做了端到端验证：INT4 使用 AWQ kernel，INT8 使用 GPTQ kernel，实测精度与仿真结果一致。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qydig"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 A100 上，我们进一步对比了 LLaVA-1.5 7B FP16 与 GRACE 7B INT4 的部署表现，覆盖显存占用、模型体积与推理吞吐三项指标。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qydig"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">INT4 版本在显存和体积上有数倍收益，同时因为 7B 规模的解码阶段以访存受限为主，权重位宽的下降也直接转化为吞吐提升。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyls2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">需要说明的是，这一结论与模型规模有关。2B 量级的模型解码时更偏计算受限，量化的收益主要落在显存而非速度上。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1bvh"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="289" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124810" data-ratio="0.5" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=222eea0f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYN8zZHjNBMZgKOyHtia8rClwmQCq9xokbvbuJdpOWD5FJwKkBAfpHuib1Qp8UiaOAzVSFCTraOxLPqY7vgk4AcCrArb2xmMraibTyI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;font-size: 12px;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" mpa-font-style="mt8ib68h1g9o" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1htm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> 图6. A100 上 LLaVA-1.5 7B FP16 与 GRACE 7B INT4 的部署效率对比。（a）以 FP16 为 100% 基线的归一化指标；（b）INT4 量化带来的各项提升倍数。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1ro3"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021732" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d2190a0e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1tl8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qy1hns"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">GRACE 的主张可以用一句话概括：模型压缩的两个环节不该分开做，因为它们优化的是同一个表示。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyw7m"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">把量化约束提前引入蒸馏过程，让学生在低比特的表示预算下决定该向教师学什么、放弃什么，4-bit 的 2B 模型就能逼近全精度 7B 教师的水平。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qyw7m"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">整个框架不需要额外的教师微调，不依赖专有校准集，四个模块都可以单独插入现有的 QAT 或 KD 流程。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8km6qycr3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8htc5uayf"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">完整训练代码、评测脚本与量化后的模型权重已在 GitHub 与 HuggingFace 开源，欢迎试用与交流。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Thu, 27 Aug 2026 20:53:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AutoResearch怎么设计？四种常见循环，一套通用框架</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722442&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=daed09e058ba3f382df88a46cc70a6ec</link>
      <description>四类循环一次理清</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>白白小白</span> <span>2026-08-26 13:12</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
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  <p>四类循环一次理清</p>
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break-word !important;" data-nest-level="7" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="8" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" data-nest-level="9" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;"><div data-nest-level="10" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">从改代码、跑实验到评估和下一轮迭代，不同 AutoResearch 项目的循环设计各有侧重，也逐渐形成了几种比较典型的范式。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 1px;visibility: visible;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;visibility: visible;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;">©作者 |</span></span></strong><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">白白小白</span></span></span></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: right;line-height: 1.5em;visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 1px;visibility: visible;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;visibility: visible;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;visibility: visible;">研究方向 |</span></span></strong><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 12px;visibility: visible;"><span leaf="">大模型、数据合成</span></span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv20lz"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">AutoResearch = 基模 + Agent Loop。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当基模固定时，方法循环设计成为了竞争的本质。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruvpkb"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">这篇文章讲一下 AutoResearch 发展到现在的几种常见循环设计。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以及一个通用的分析框架，当有新的 AutoResearch 方法出现时，你可以使用这个分析框架直接得出这个新方法的优劣势。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv151"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1mxu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yonxb3fh" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yonxlsu8"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">四种循环</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1204"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yonxb3fh" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yonxlsu8"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt8qbxiv4t" style="font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qbxj61eow" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.1 线性循环 Keep-or-Discard</span></span></span></p><blockquote style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-start="555" data-end="630" style="text-align: left;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">代表系统：</span>Karpathy autoresearch（2025）</span></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qgjx21zss"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238777" data-ratio="0.6669303797468354" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1264" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=64e77d74&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeAc0ia1h5LqvZgRicvpY4chA3TvWJcJbTrflrmrTibZXkBZvnYZiam95RiaonTKJYD8icIzpnITJzmiaB0rLggjGVicFx9wCja9ia3pNBHU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv84i"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">线性循环是最简单也最直觉的循环设计：每次尝试一个想法，如果结果更好就保留，否则回退。</span></span></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv84i"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Karpathy 的 autoresearch 只有三个文件，循环逻辑由一个Markdown 指令（program.md）定义。</span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;background-attachment: scroll;background-clip: border-box;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-image: none;background-origin: padding-box;background-position-x: left;background-position-y: top;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: auto;width: auto;font-family: Optima, &#39;Microsoft YaHei&#39;, PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;word-spacing: 0em;letter-spacing: 0em;word-break: break-word;overflow-wrap: break-word;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><pre data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;"><code style="overflow-x: auto;padding: 16px;color: #333;background: #f8f8f8;display: -webkit-box;font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, monospace;font-size: 12px;"><span leaf="">【初始化】与用户确认运行标签 → 创建 git 分支 → 读取所有源文件 → 验证数据 → 确认启动</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【主循环】</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    1. 检查 git 状态（当前分支和 commit）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    2. 修改 train.py，实现一个实验想法</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    3. 提交 commit</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    4. 运行实验（固定 5 分钟时间预算）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    5. 提取指标（val_bpb，越低越好）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    6. 若崩溃 → 尝试修复（最多几次）→ 重试或记录失败</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    7. 将结果记录到 results.tsv</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    8. 若 val_bpb 改善 → 保留 commit，推进分支</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       否则 → git reset，回退到上一个基线</span></code></pre></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">设计的最大亮点在于“固定 5 分钟的时间预算”这个约束选择，它迫使 Agent 思考的是&#34;什么改动能在极短训练后就产生可测量的收益”，淘汰了那些需要训练很久才能看到效果的方案。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">人类的参与在编辑完 program.md 后达到了最小化，这个循环不会停下来问人类的意见，而是会自主执行，直到人类手动中断。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但是简洁的同时也带来了很多结构性的局限：</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 它无法并行探索多个方向；</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 失败实验的经验没有被结构化保存（可能反复尝试同一个idea死循环）；</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. 短时间约束容易让框架陷入局部最优；</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">4. 只看最终指标这个标量反馈无法传达&#34;为什么失败&#34;，可解释性不够。</span></span></p><p style="margin: 48px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 18px;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.2 树搜索循环搜索</span></span></p><blockquote style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-start="555" data-end="630" style="text-align: left;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">代表系统：</span>AIDE（2024）、AI Scientist v2（2025）</span></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv12ak"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/nFNzd9xjFeCp5TkLq824FL3TGzRLxRicGxOibCiauL5bnNG3E8mW7HUVibUL1Qc5rqQwicK6kbJ7oOJHLJ0qwLZDG2jcdObcF7A2jS1vfnzIG2ic4/0?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="256" data-imgfileid="100238778" data-ratio="0.6669303797468354" data-s="300,640" data-w="1264" data-type="jpeg" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0cbc0615&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCp5TkLq824FL3TGzRLxRicGxOibCiauL5bnNG3E8mW7HUVibUL1Qc5rqQwicK6kbJ7oOJHLJ0qwLZDG2jcdObcF7A2jS1vfnzIG2ic4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruvzx1"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">树搜索的核心思想是：不要把解空间的探索限制在一条线性路径上，而是维护一棵搜索树，允许同时保持多个探索方向，并在任意节点发起新的分支。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruvzx1"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">树的每个节点是一个完整的代码解决方案，边是代码变换操作。</span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;background-attachment: scroll;background-clip: border-box;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-image: none;background-origin: padding-box;background-position-x: left;background-position-y: top;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: auto;width: auto;font-family: Optima, &#39;Microsoft YaHei&#39;, PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;word-spacing: 0em;letter-spacing: 0em;word-break: break-word;overflow-wrap: break-word;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><pre data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;"><code style="overflow-x: auto;padding: 16px;color: #333;background: #f8f8f8;display: -webkit-box;font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, monospace;font-size: 12px;"><span leaf="">【初始化】创建根节点（空白方案或基线代码）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【主循环】重复 N 步：</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    1. 选择：从树中挑选一个有潜力的节点</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    2. 扩展：对该节点施加变换，生成子节点</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 草稿：从头生成全新方案</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 调试：修复当前节点的错误</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 改进：在当前节点基础上优化</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    3. 评估：运行代码，计算指标</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    4. 回传：将结果添加到树中，更新节点统计</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    5. 剪枝：移除明显无望的分支（可选）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【输出】树中找到的最优方案</span></code></pre></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">树搜索相比线性循环的根本优势在于</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">回溯能力</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">和</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">方案多样性</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。当某条路径走进死胡同时，线性循环只能通过 git reset 回到上一步然后尝试另一个方向，而树搜索可以回到树中任意一个历史节点重新出发。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">听起来有点抽象，下面以 AIDE 的具体实现为例：</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AIDE 中的每个节点是一个完整的、可独立运行的 Python 脚本，是一个从数据加载到模型训练到输出指标的完整 ML pipeline。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">有三种算子类型（算子代表对节点的更改）：</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Draft（草稿）</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">是从零开始生成一个全新方案。LLM 收到的 prompt 包含：任务描述、当前所有成功方案的摘要（称为 Memory），以及&#34;不要重复已有方案&#34;的指令。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这确保每个 draft 尝试不同的建模方向——比如第一个 draft 可能用 XGBoost，第二个可能用神经网络，第三个可能用 feature engineering + 线性模型。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Debug（调试）</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对有 bug 的节点。LLM 收到的 prompt 包含：完整的 buggy 代码、终端输出（包含报错信息和 traceback），以及&#34;修复这个 bug&#34;的指令。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">LLM 需要阅读错误信息并产出修复后的完整代码。如果修复后仍然有 bug，可以继续 debug（直到深度上限）。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Improve（改进）</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">针对已经能正常运行的节点。LLM 收到的 prompt 包含：当前方案的完整代码、所有成功方案的摘要，以及&#34;提出一个单一的、可实验验证的改进&#34;的指令。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">关键约束是&#34;atomic improvement&#34;——每次只改一个东西（比如只换特征工程方法，或只换模型超参数），这样可以清楚地归因效果。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AIDE 认为有 bug 的节点代表已投入精力但尚未成功的探索方向，值得修复，所以会从有bug且为叶节点且调试深度没有达到上限的节点中随机选一个进行调试。如果存在好的节点，选择指标最好的那个节点，对其进行改进。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AIDE 采用的是贪婪策略——总是选当前最优节点做 improve。优势是收敛很快，但是如果Draft 1 很早就获得了好指标，后续所有 improve 都会集中在它的子树上，其他 draft 的子树被&#34;饿死&#34;。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">MCTS 选择</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（ML-Master 等系统）用 UCB（Upper Confidence Bound）公式解决这个问题：</span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;background-attachment: scroll;background-clip: border-box;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-image: none;background-origin: padding-box;background-position-x: left;background-position-y: top;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: auto;width: auto;font-family: Optima, &#39;Microsoft YaHei&#39;, PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;word-spacing: 0em;letter-spacing: 0em;word-break: break-word;overflow-wrap: break-word;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><pre data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;"><code style="overflow-x: auto;padding: 16px;color: #333;background: #f8f8f8;display: -webkit-box;font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, monospace;font-size: 12px;"><span leaf="">UCB(node) = 平均收益 + C × sqrt(ln(总访问次数) / 该节点访问次数)</span></code></pre></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第一项倾向于已知的好节点（利用），第二项倾向于被访问次数少的节点（探索）。系数 C 控制二者的平衡。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这意味着即使 Draft 5 的初始指标较差，只要它被访问的次数少，UCB 公式就会给它一个&#34;好奇心加分&#34;，使系统偶尔去探索它。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">类似 AI Scientist v2 的工作则完全抛弃了公式化的选择策略，让 Agent 自主判断&#34;现在应该深耕哪个方向&#34;。这种方式的优势在于 Agent 可以利用语义理解做出更智能的选择。</span></span></p><h4 data-heading-reveal-wrapper="true" style="margin: 48px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span data-cover-aware-text=""><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 18px;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.3 遗传进化池循环</span></span></span></h4><blockquote style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-start="555" data-end="630" style="text-align: left;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">代表系统：</span></span><span leaf="">FunSearch（2023）、AlphaEvolve（2024）、GEPA（2025）</span></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qtbzn2x6"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238779" data-ratio="0.6669303797468354" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1264" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=af5d5de3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeBBjCAsn87NiaJuZic9belFwEjxqZknHhbLUpibwJMDjVdAg3nFHmJVYG0gianFY5SqtDPpKnNicjiaazy3G9yqy1MGHicrlLc9CINhGs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1frw"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">遗传进化的核心思想来自生物演化：维护一个候选种群，通过选择优秀个体、对其施加突变（在这里由 LLM 完成）、评估后代的适应度，逐代推动种群向更优方向进化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1frw"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与树搜索不同的是，进化池中的个体之间没有严格的父子拓扑——任何个体都可以被选为突变的起点，多个个体可以被交叉组合。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;background-attachment: scroll;background-clip: border-box;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-image: none;background-origin: padding-box;background-position-x: left;background-position-y: top;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: auto;width: auto;font-family: Optima, &#39;Microsoft YaHei&#39;, PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;word-spacing: 0em;letter-spacing: 0em;word-break: break-word;overflow-wrap: break-word;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><pre data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;"><code style="overflow-x: auto;padding: 16px;color: #333;background: #f8f8f8;display: -webkit-box;font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, monospace;font-size: 12px;"><span leaf="">【初始化】</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    候选种群 P = {种子方案}</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【主循环】直到预算耗尽：</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    1. 选择：从种群中挑选父本（根据适应度加权采样）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    2. 突变：LLM 基于父本生成变体</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    3. 评估：计算新候选的适应度</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    4. 更新种群：若满足条件则加入种群</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    5. 剪枝：移除被支配的候选</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【输出】种群中的最优候选</span></code></pre></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">FunSearch</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（DeepMind, 2023）使用 MAP-Elites 算法维护种群——不只保留最优个体，而是在多个行为维度的每个 niche 中都保留最优个体，从而维持种群的多样性。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但在 FunSearch 中，所有搜索规则（选择策略、评估标准、种群管理）都是人工硬编码的，LLM 只负责变体生成。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GEPA</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（2025）用</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">文本反馈取代标量奖励</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">来驱动突变方向。</span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">具体而言，系统先对当前候选进行 rollout，记录完整的执行轨迹（包括每一步的推理过程、工具调用和输出），然后让 LLM 阅读这些轨迹来诊断问题、归因原因、提出有针对性的修改方案。</span></span></p><p style="margin: 48px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1frw"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;font-size: 18px;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.4 异步多 Agent 进化循环</span></span></span></span></p><blockquote style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-start="555" data-end="630"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">代表系统：</span></span><span leaf="">CORAL（2026）</span></p></blockquote><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qw93fcfn"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238780" data-ratio="0.6669303797468354" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1264" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=aee9d969&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeA4XnenuJVf9NHc5LRjVSzuJEL22FoyIo6YkMMDQZwsoh7DzR1IX3RD6z4CbOcbI4pHd26b5g3Lb6j9R6Plu7tgV1tmYA55FicA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1frw"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">前面三种循环本质上都是单一搜索过程（即使内部有多个角色参与，搜索的状态空间仍然是统一管理的）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruv1frw"><span data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以 CORAL 为代表的方法使用</span></span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">多个 Agent 各自独立运行完整的搜索循环，通过共享持久记忆间接协调，无需任何显式通信协议</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">。</span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-top: 0px;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 10px;padding-right: 10px;background-attachment: scroll;background-clip: border-box;background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);background-image: none;background-origin: padding-box;background-position-x: left;background-position-y: top;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-size: auto;width: auto;font-family: Optima, &#39;Microsoft YaHei&#39;, PingFangSC-regular, serif;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 1.5em;word-spacing: 0em;letter-spacing: 0em;word-break: break-word;overflow-wrap: break-word;text-align: left;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><pre data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;margin-left: 0px;margin-right: 0px;padding-top: 0px;padding-bottom: 0px;padding-left: 0px;padding-right: 0px;"><code style="overflow-x: auto;padding: 16px;color: #333;background: #f8f8f8;display: -webkit-box;font-family: Consolas, Monaco, Menlo, monospace;font-size: 12px;"><span leaf="">【每个 Agent 独立运行】异步循环：</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    a. 读取共享记忆（attempts/ notes/ skills/）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    b. 自主决定下一步动作（无固定顺序）：</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 尝试新想法</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 重访过去的某次尝试</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 将成功经验封装为 skill</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 记录失败模式到 notes</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">       - 评估当前方案</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    c. 执行动作</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    d. 将结果写回共享记忆</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    e. 心跳检查（反思 / 整合 / 方向调整）</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">【跨 Agent 协调】</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    - 每个 Agent 在独立的 git worktree 中运行</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    - 不直接通信，所有协调通过共享记忆发生</span><span leaf=""><br/></span><span leaf="">    - 一个 Agent 的发现自然影响其他 Agent 的后续搜索</span></code></pre></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qy12k50l" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><strong style="text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">共享持久记忆</span></span></strong><span style="text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以文件系统的形式实现，分为三个目录：</span></span></span><code style="box-sizing: border-box;border: 0px solid oklch(0.928 0.006 264.531);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;scrollbar-color: rgb(213, 217, 224) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);scrollbar-width: thin;font-family: &#34;IBM Plex Mono&#34;, monospace;font-feature-settings: normal;font-variation-settings: normal;font-size: 0.875em;-webkit-font-smoothing: auto;min-width: 26px;align-items: center;justify-content: center;border-radius: 4px;background-color: rgb(246, 247, 250);padding-inline: 6px;padding-block: 1px;"><span leaf="">attempts/</span></code><span style="color: rgb(28, 29, 31);font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-size: medium;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span leaf="" style="text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">存储所有历史评估记录（JSON 格式，按 commit hash 索引）、</span></span></span><code style="box-sizing: border-box;border: 0px solid oklch(0.928 0.006 264.531);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;scrollbar-color: rgb(213, 217, 224) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);scrollbar-width: thin;font-family: &#34;IBM Plex Mono&#34;, monospace;font-feature-settings: normal;font-variation-settings: normal;font-size: 0.875em;-webkit-font-smoothing: auto;min-width: 26px;align-items: center;justify-content: center;border-radius: 4px;background-color: rgb(246, 247, 250);padding-inline: 6px;padding-block: 1px;"><span leaf="">notes/</span></code><span style="color: rgb(28, 29, 31);font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-size: medium;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt8qxxur3sj" style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;">存储观察和反思（Markdown 格式，支持合并和分类）、</span></span><code style="box-sizing: border-box;border: 0px solid oklch(0.928 0.006 264.531);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;scrollbar-color: rgb(213, 217, 224) rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);scrollbar-width: thin;font-family: &#34;IBM Plex Mono&#34;, monospace;font-feature-settings: normal;font-variation-settings: normal;font-size: 0.875em;-webkit-font-smoothing: auto;min-width: 26px;align-items: center;justify-content: center;border-radius: 4px;background-color: rgb(246, 247, 250);padding-inline: 6px;padding-block: 1px;"><span leaf="">skills/</span></code><span style="color: rgb(28, 29, 31);font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-size: medium;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt8qy11p1giz" style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;">存储可复用的过程和工具（包含自然语言描述和可执行脚本）。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qy12k50l" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span style="color: rgb(28, 29, 31);font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-size: medium;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;display: inline !important;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt8qy11p1giz" style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;">每个 Agent 通过符号链接访问共享记忆，按需读取以避免上下文过载，并且 Agent 可以主动整理和重组记忆结构。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruvjzs"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e0c6b132&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt8qfruvndn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yk0411rox"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">通用分析框架</span></span></span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">在分析具体系统之前，先建立一个通用的分析框架。任何 AutoResearch 方法循环都可以从以下四个维度进行解构：</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">搜索拓扑：</span>搜索拓扑</span><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">决定了系统在解空间中的行走方式。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">线性路径每次只走一步，要么保留要么回退；树形分支允许同时保持多个探索方向并随时回溯；遗传池维护一个候选种群，通过选择和突变不断演化；异步并行则让多个独立 Agent 同时探索，通过共享记忆间接协调。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">反馈信号：</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">反馈信号</span></strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">决定了系统从每次实验中能学到多少。最简单的标量奖励只告诉系统&#34;好了多少&#34;，但不解释&#34;为什么&#34;。结构化指标提供多维评估。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">文本反馈则能传达完整的诊断信息——哪个模块出了问题、哪种策略有潜力但需要调整。信息越丰富，系统下一步决策的质量就越高，但获取和处理的成本也越大。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">记忆架构：</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">记忆架构</span></strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">决定了系统能否从历史中学习。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">无记忆的系统每次实验都从零开始思考；Git 历史提供了可回溯的版本记录但缺乏结构化查询；解树保留了搜索过程的完整拓扑；文件系统池支持多 Agent 并发读写；知识图谱则提供了最丰富的语义结构和跨项目的知识复利。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">决策主体：</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">决策主体</span></strong><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">决定了&#34;谁在控制搜索过程&#34;。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">早期系统中，人类硬编码所有搜索规则，LLM 只是被调用的突变算子。后来 Agent 逐步获得了决定搜索策略的自主权——选择探索哪个方向、何时放弃当前路径、如何综合历史经验。</span></p><p data-cover-aware-text="" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span leaf="" style="font-family: Inter, &#34;Inter Fallback&#34;, system-ui, arial;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-align: start;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: pre-wrap;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;float: none;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);font-size: 15px;font-weight: 400;font-style: normal;letter-spacing: 1px;word-spacing: 0px;text-shadow: none;display: inline !important;">以下表格概括了各维度的主要选项及其代表系统：</span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt8r1sq1dgy"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238782" data-ratio="0.36272040302267" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1588" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=f28e6f34&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCHvyc5QSZnvIStk5ejja9nE7YuYjicHDu29UtMiaCR2OnZMzMcQFcRqm14nydTGJ4sFFadVmShgsMzSXepXVNtVDZJ5qs08SpGo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1iml" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;will-change: transform;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 10px 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;width: 661px;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 10px 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: flex;align-items: center;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;flex: 0 1 auto;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;width: 22px;height: 13px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p nodeleaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><img data-aistatus="1" alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.5514706" data-s="300,640" data-type="svg" data-w="272" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: middle;height: auto !important;width: 22px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-imgfileid="100124795" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3ae5d61c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_svg%2FQ3auHgzwzM6Sotgda3ibE4erjFicxic0xiblxzOYp2lTJZj2eHBIpx1KzYU1wdjVyrAlPHpcobwTH271bjzDmrw8ATCm4XE2wJIyqWicVJB3cy4omsMc9RQ8LaA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dsvg%26from%3Dappmsg%26tp%3Dwebp%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%23imgIndex%3D46"/></p></div></div></div><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px 10px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: justify;"><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;white-space: normal;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;">参考文献</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;display: inline-block;width: 22px;height: 13px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;"><div style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p nodeleaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;"><img data-aistatus="1" alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.5514706" data-s="300,640" data-type="svg" data-w="272" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: middle;height: auto !important;width: 22px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-imgfileid="100124796" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=8cf6fc3e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_svg%2FQ3auHgzwzM52F1vG1K2fVSf8XeggRBmecKT2KWOVlGol3IUNOUoUXpjibxrrOb84S6dqicm5CaRMZibGtIKZRulicbF57O8dMwYQOoB8IpxJNIjyfnLaMeuibyg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dsvg%26from%3Dappmsg%26tp%3Dwebp%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%23imgIndex%3D47"/></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz22b1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt5hq4f52ov" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[1] </span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);"><a href="https://github.com/karpathy/autoresearch" target="_blank">https://github.com/karpathy/autoresearch</a></span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz22b1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt5hq4f52ov" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[2] <a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17373" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2403.17373</a></span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz22b1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt5hq4f52ov" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[3] <a href="https://github.com/SakanaAI/AI-Scientist-v2" target="_blank">https://github.com/SakanaAI/AI-Scientist-v2</a></span></span></span></p><p data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz22b1" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt5hq4f52ov" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 13:12:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Cell子刊青年编委招募中！汇聚新生力量，连接学科边界</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722442&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=ada031935f3584f147aec599b699108f</link>
      <description>现面向全球公开招募优秀的青年编委会成员，欢迎符合要求者踊跃申请！</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Cell Press</span> <span>2026-08-26 13:12</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=fd74d0c8&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCgq8avdZxLdHQJzXDmGVzBjKbOb7ctuabkVAQSP6IUqXKHh0PxXrIkdOficoHKecUgicibKwicwOFHP3LLy70L8YNJYQnwIDmcxtg%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>现面向全球公开招募优秀的青年编委会成员，欢迎符合要求者踊跃申请！</p>
  <div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><div style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5222222222222223" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200782" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9a58fe2c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2F0GZ1sLYRNbiaPC8LLibHhiaasvZkiaV6PlpZmSjeG5oIq2KND3iaN1NOwDCRBFy28jedENNO2gIpcvulXpSdPZBsxQwhST1rWhNibG2mkZKqrqTKc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p></div><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;margin: 0px 0% 16px;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;background-color: rgb(229, 235, 238);line-height: 0;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.04225352112676056" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="710" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200779" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ab531991&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2F0GZ1sLYRNbjjmicOeNlGOKdneTcwfvwMLZn9LIiaRqIHQvqFdNqbvaGF9Z2S9wkYvz1omEDacDkDzHeicPf8q0X6Zb8Fkz49Vmors2L6Zo5jMU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p></div><div style="padding: 0px 15px;line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">2025年底，Cell Press细胞出版社推出了全新高质量开放获取期刊——</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Cell Press Blue</span></strong></em></span><span leaf="">。主要</span></span><span leaf="">发表涵盖各科学领域的重要研究成果，尤其关注跨学科创新发现。</span><span style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">目前，期刊既接受作者直接投稿，也欢迎从Cell Press旗下期刊转投的高质量稿件，包括</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Cell、Immunity、Cell Metabolism、Joule、Chem</span></em></strong></span><span leaf="">和</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Matter</span></em></strong></span><span leaf="">等，旨在为各学科领域的杰出研究提供卓越的发表平台。</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Cell Press Blue</span></span></em></strong></span><span style="font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">坚持高标准的质量控制，提供高效、个性化的出版服务，助力作者快速发表具有学术价值和产业影响力的研究成果。推动创新、激发思维，并通过多渠道推广扩大研究影响力，助力科学突破与可持续发展。</span></span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 59, 92);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 59, 92);font-size: 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">为了注入更多创新活力，我们现面向全球公开招募优秀的青年编委会成员，欢迎符合要求者踊跃申请，与Cell Press并肩同行！</span></span></strong></span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 5px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.04225352112676056" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="710" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200778" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1014e29a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2F0GZ1sLYRNbhyz8G5vRpuMOa40iaNiaDye4FB5l3miaIlDU1Bnia2Ifs2u08rYoLeAPWeOjprsxicWX8fNTBMQ0R8Q3NjZAzibjnu3AapRCLWjtKibU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.17222222222222222" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200780" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1b3d360d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2F0GZ1sLYRNbgAnrGGBaqusDNYvtwEF66ceumQwWaFvX6PXMibRc1NIyMPLbtCzFa61Ln9Q2fIr2rde2ibdv2qD64l9JQHQ6wtotmm9uf1HeLH0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p></div><div style="text-align: left;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">具体招募计划：</span></strong></p></div><div style="text-align: left;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">我们期待您可以：</span></strong></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;padding-left: 20px;list-style-position: outside;" class="list-paddingleft-1"></ul><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p><span leaf="">成为</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(159, 30, 50);"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: normal;">期刊宣传大使</span></span></span></strong><span leaf="">，通过学术社交网络、社交媒体、会议和其他渠道提升</span><em><span leaf="">Cell Press Blue</span></em><span leaf="">的影响力与知名度；</span></p></li><li><p><span leaf="">吸纳来自世界各地杰出的跨学科和交叉学科研究稿件；</span></p></li><li><p><span leaf="">每年担任一定数量期刊</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(159, 30, 50);"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: normal;">投稿的审稿人</span></span></span></strong><span leaf="">；</span></p></li><li><p><span leaf="">根据期刊编辑团队的要求，提供稿件学术咨询服务；</span></p></li><li><p><span leaf="">参加编辑团队</span><span leaf="">组织的各种活动和项目。</span></p></li></ul><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">申请条件：</span></strong></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;padding-left: 20px;list-style-position: outside;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">获得博士学位不超过10年；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">近三年以第一作者和/或通讯作者身份发表过研究论文（具有跨学科或交叉学科研究背景者优先）；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">具备良好的英文沟通能力；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">熟悉并了解</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(159, 30, 50);"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: normal;">学术研究论文的撰写与发表流程</span></span></span></strong><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: normal;">；</span></span><span leaf="">具有同行评审经验者优先。</span></p></li></ul><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">加入</span><em style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Cell Press Blue</span></em><span leaf="">青年编委团队，您将可以：</span></strong></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;padding-left: 20px;list-style-position: outside;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">获得由主编签发的正式青年编委聘书；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">优先获邀参加Cell Press举办的各类学术交流活动；</span></p></li></ul><ul style="list-style-type: disc;box-sizing: border-box;padding-left: 20px;list-style-position: outside;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">青年编委会成员的初始服务期限为</span><strong><span style="color: rgb(159, 30, 50);"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: normal;">一年</span></span></span></strong><span leaf="">，表现优异者则有可能续签第二任期；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">表现优异者可获评“优秀青年编委”，并有机会晋升为期刊正式编委会成员。</span></p></li></ul></div><div style="margin: 6px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 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100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="1.299492385786802" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="591" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200786" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d5339849&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2F0GZ1sLYRNbjA2pJyfb8TIazibicMdQun96tVYJiaJes9GX5q7DfUsMt7orweW364mVrAlHI1MOH7veRsMxHicDS4rb6F8ia4l7qTuExqP0ZrLVOw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: 33.33%;padding: 0px 3px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="1.299492385786802" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="591" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200787" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=09397230&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2F0GZ1sLYRNbiaa7IZNJdcjz03yOwWbdx33AoDEhch9tEZniasicGwl6IUNuicWclJ7ZIqA2e0iaceiaDaCaRQ3IrNNyibTc455JYkT1Hlb5QJy1o8vo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: left;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-style: italic;">Cell Press Blue</span>青年编委会成员申请方式：</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">📧请在2026年10月31日前，将以下申请材料通过邮件发送至</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 134, 190);box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">cellpresschina@elsevier.com</span></span></strong></p><ul style="box-sizing: border-box;padding-left: 20px;list-style-position: outside;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">您的个人简历或专业主页链接等；</span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">一份简短的意向陈述（Statement of Interest），阐述您为何希望加入CPB青年编委会； </span></p></li><li style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">您的核心研究成果，以及相关的期刊编辑或审稿经验。</span></p></li></ul><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">📫请注意：以上材料需为英文。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: left;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 1px;padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">📃请在邮件标题中注明：</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">&#34;CPB Young Editorial Board Application + Name + Research Area&#34;</span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><p nodeleaf=""></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">推荐阅读</span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 14px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 6%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.4864864864864865" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="37" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200785" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5f445d32&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2F0GZ1sLYRNbjUqOMZtDbPVUkj7gcBKFopFpFtQkFbkiaydZzv7ibxRxLHSb04IXp43BGDC2LAic4pylE5vRZs4sGzXMoVak9V6PDdYx9YmlUOI8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border: 1px solid rgb(153, 207, 229);padding: 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;border-width: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><a href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU5MDcwNzg0MA==&amp;mid=2247670218&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=eb87b871bf1c5bf128d812d68bf5ef36&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect" imgurl="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_jpg/0GZ1sLYRNbhNfqa1mMKecJDNSnicxSIYve5uAFIHKuBy42JMg9EuiaLC5QtPSrO6YGDv3rOD7UAZDCEscKicvf7NnPwRSZuU8sEvxaF5icYEJNE/640?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg#imgIndex=10" linktype="image" tab="innerlink" data-itemshowtype="0" target="_blank" data-linktype="1"><span style="width:100%;" class="js_jump_icon h5_image_link"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5222222222222223" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100200789" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=095f77f9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2F0GZ1sLYRNbhNfqa1mMKecJDNSnicxSIYve5uAFIHKuBy42JMg9EuiaLC5QtPSrO6YGDv3rOD7UAZDCEscKicvf7NnPwRSZuU8sEvxaF5icYEJNE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></span></a></p></div><div style="color: rgb(85, 85, 85);font-size: 14px;text-align: left;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf=""><a class="normal_text_link mp_article_text_link" target="_blank" style="" href="https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzU5MDcwNzg0MA==&amp;mid=2247670218&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=eb87b871bf1c5bf128d812d68bf5ef36&amp;scene=21#wechat_redirect" textvalue="Cell Press Blue 公布17位中国编委成员！" data-itemshowtype="0" linktype="text" data-linktype="2">Cell Press Blue 公布17位中国编委成员！</a></span></p></div></div></div></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;">点击</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);font-weight: bold;">“阅读原文”</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;">，访问</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;color: rgb(0, 122, 170);font-weight: bold;">Cell Press Blue</span><span textstyle="" style="font-size: 15px;">主页</span></span></p><p style="display: none;"><mp-style-type data-value="3"></mp-style-type></p>


<p><a href="https://www.cell.com/cell-press-blue/home">阅读原文</a></p>
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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Wed, 26 Aug 2026 13:12:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>2026全国大数据与计算智能挑战赛即将开赛，8大前沿算法赛题抢先看</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722417&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=719101d15b9642467a667a8c9f4913c6</link>
      <description>8道前沿算法赛题，高额研究经费支持，等你挑战！</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-25 12:07</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
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border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3907407407407407" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124603" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4ee24092&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FRBRgSeVXhYNKLqyc4pV16ltOw8EugmNAdK4waK8jAzse2x7CAdBiaCl8bwqxAICgtIZshpFxbUtP5ibnxuK4CHiaMoY7NdhicZnaHVEfdjX9jYk%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p></div><div style="text-align: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.23444444444444446" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: 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border-box;"><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">大数据与决策国家级重点实验室连续五年组织发起全国大数据与计算智能挑战赛，旨在深入挖掘大数据应用实践中亟需破解的能力生成难题，选拔汇聚数据领域优势团队，促进大数据领域的技术创新和面向需求的成果生成，推动形成“集智众筹、联合攻关、共享共用”的研建用一体迭代演进创新模式。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本届大赛以“发榜挑战、集智攻关”为主题，面向全国大数据与计算智能领域的相关单位，将围绕自然语言处理、计算机视觉、大模型等前沿技术难点开设赛道，以“揭榜打擂”的形式组织创研竞赛，通过线上打榜与现场评审相结合的方式决出优势团队，进一步创新大数据管理与应用模式，推动大数据与计算智能领域技术发展与生态构建。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">热烈欢迎全国各单位优势团队踊跃参赛揭榜！</span></p></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.05648148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124604" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=84ce49e5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPSFA4BFYelfBfl6ZCzrzghGwEaIMUmazZ3C0Wp6XvO0Qj9aicQ5QRnzjfbrYzOIZxzDwMbxicxibVxMxicgBa8Z6bJHSOem3akHzo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124605" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a608776f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPdSicByribxOibfDFrc8z4cguMPqaKzZPKogQ3qJy0syw86ojtTwFlsgtn12oz72WiaaQ48bBlB8Qy4ecJ727VicOaCGslEMgeAHt4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: middle;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题介绍</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124607" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=db781db7&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP3DEdV4PqMk5gcdWIrncwr2Nnjsdialgmvl8d2oBbz0iaeBxAVSIeJ2dy3dq8QMGlZTz6ic9N7V6XSx9EQ9Dia2bBcx1kKFHnLLFo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.56);padding: 20px 0px;border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mk4w5s9r" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mk4wg19r6" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">01</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mka19iwi" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mka1j206f" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">低资源小语种跨模态信息分拣</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题聚焦低资源小语种条件下的跨模态信息分拣问题，核心任务是构建可泛化至多种低资源小语种的图文检索模型，实现多语种文本与图像之间的精准语义匹配。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">当前该方向面临标注数据稀缺、语料规模有限、语言结构差异大、跨语言迁移困难等瓶颈，通用模型难以直接适配。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题要求参赛者凭借中文图文对监督信号，结合多语言表征学习、跨模态语义对齐等技术，实现模型向低资源语言的零样本或弱监督泛化，推动低资源多语种跨模态检索技术发展。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mke25z24" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mke2gq6k" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">02</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mkh6ozrv" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mkh6zxr1" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">多模态融合的知识组织与决策生成</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">在复杂事件分析研判场景中，原始信息通常并不是同一种格式：有的是开源文本和摘要，有的是按字段记录的表格。前者用自然语言描述事件，后者记录时间、位置、任务、数量和属性等参数。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">分析人员需要在连续多日材料中找出活动主体、地点区域和事件链条，判断不同来源是否在描述同一事件，并把零散事实整理为可核验、可追踪的结构化日报。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题要解决的核心问题是：如何让智能系统同时理解多类输入，把分散信息组织成统一、可靠的事件知识，并在识别冲突和噪声的基础上生成规范报告。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mklhb1zvw" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mklhm1zga" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">03</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mko7wtxo" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mko87uer" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">谈判对手长文本观点挖掘与预测</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">从相关的新闻报道、外交发言等内容中获取对特定主题或议题的观点、论据和倾向等内容，并预判其后续观点，是掌握谈判主动权、优化谈判方案的重要支撑。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">因此，如何从长篇文本中精确辨识与谈判议题强相关的有限立场句段、消解不同来源文本的表述差异与表面矛盾实现对立场的持续性追踪、基于历史语义脉络进行未来观点预测，是解决问题面临的主要挑战。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">为此，赛题主要设计“复杂长文本事件议题生成”、“立场判断与证据链抽取”、“未来观点预测”等 3 项具体任务，以开源大模型为基座模型，要求参赛者完成相应任务。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mkrk9zuj" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mkrkjqal" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">04</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mkunei0y" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mkunq1cnl" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">面向多源异构文档的事件因果链构建与证据约束推演</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">面向信息挖掘与辅助决策的业务需求，要求参赛者能够从多篇新闻文档中自动抽取事件、识别因果关系和构建因果图谱，并基于证据约束回答因果追溯、态势推演和反事实推理等问题。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">设置基础档（提供因果图）、推理档（仅提供事件列表）和挑战档（仅原始文档）三档渐进式难度，旨在推动事件因果推理算法模型在复杂真实场景下的鲁棒性、可解释性与泛化能力，为后期实践运用提供有效支撑。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mkygf1c76" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mkygq1hjw" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">05</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2ml12iiuo" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2ml12u23ly" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">跨大视角下的海面目标检测与识别</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题聚焦跨视角域泛化目标检测这一开放科学问题，训练集提供大量有标注的卫星俯视图像及少量有标注的无人机斜视图像，测试集为无人机斜视图像。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参赛者需克服卫星视角（甲板俯视）与无人机视角（舷侧斜视）之间的巨大外观差异，完成准确的船只目标检测。评测采用 COCO 标准 mAP@0.5:0.95 指标，要求模型兼具精准定位与跨域泛化能力。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2ml93q1k36" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2ml9421dh6" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">06</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mldb51wym" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mldbftfe" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">多源卫星跨模态舰船重识别</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">面向舰船持续监视与多星协同观测需求，本赛题聚焦光学— SAR 跨模态舰船重识别任务。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">给定一张光学或 SAR 舰船图像，参赛者需在不使用 AIS、航迹、地理位置等外部辅助信息的条件下，仅依据图像内容，从指定模态图库中检索与查询图像属于同一艘舰船的目标，并按相关度输出候选结果。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题以图像检索为基本形式，重点考察跨模态特征对齐、模态不变表征、细粒度身份区分及复杂干扰下的排序能力。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mlgjd13u4" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mlgjo1fvz" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">07</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mlj771qxo" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mlj7i1zxj" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">复杂攻击场景下的纵向联邦学习安全防御</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题面向多源数据协同建模需求，构建特征互补、数据分别持有的纵向联邦学习训练环境，要求参赛者在官方提供的训练框架基础上设计安全防御方案。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题聚焦纵向联邦学习中的隐私泄露与模型安全风险，设置标签推理、后门攻击以及攻击并存等复杂测试场景，要求参赛方案在保持联合模型预测性能的同时，有效降低敏感标签泄露风险并抵御后门攻击。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题重点考察防御方法在性能保持、隐私保护和安全鲁棒性之间的综合能力，推动纵向联邦学习安全防御技术在跨机构数据协同、隐私保护智能分析等实际场景中的应用。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 5px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><div style="margin: 30px 0%;text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);background-color: rgb(230, 233, 240);vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="align-items: center;display: flex;margin: -3px 0%;text-align: justify;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);margin: -10px 0px -10px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0%;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: top;transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-webkit-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-moz-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);-o-transform: matrix(1, 0, -0.2, 1, 0, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 0px;border-color: rgb(76, 68, 71);padding: 6px 10px;background-image: linear-gradient(90deg, rgb(17, 50, 154) 0%, rgba(17, 50, 154, 0.2) 100%);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 13px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛题</span></p></div><div style="line-height: 1;letter-spacing: 0px;padding: 0px;font-size: 25px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><b style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mlmgs28s" style="font-size: 24px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mlmh11xx3" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">08</span></b></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: bottom;width: auto;flex: 1 1 auto;border-width: 0px;padding: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 1.5;letter-spacing: 0px;color: rgb(76, 68, 71);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt2mlpan8gc" style="font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2mlpaypo7" data-pm-slice="0 0 []">面向多源异构数据源的统一查询指令生成</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;padding: 0px 22px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本赛题面向多源异构数据环境下的查询需求，构建高仿真查询指令生成数据集，要求参赛者在无指定目标数据源的前提下，根据专业性强、业务逻辑复杂的自然语言问题，完成意图解析、数据源路由、推理构建与查询指令生成的全链路任务。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">涉及多源库表协同、联邦查询规划、跨年度查询、流式数据时空查询、异构查询语言生成及轻量化部署约束等多重挑战。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">考察开源大模型在复杂真实业务环境中精确生成查询指令的综合能力，推动 Text-to-Query 任务范式在数据中台的落地应用。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.05648148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124613" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=2c6f9000&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYM9dMxc9HK0LIBgs1ngiaxeeHgouUCRPEAyjtT5iaSN9fibBopnib7vOFlLyCeoFglKHlbTY7vOAo0hVbUUuvKvdJic3lawWBgr9qKI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D14"/></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124614" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d105ec57&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMLaU9vQb1CXB71OeQk455icqMrxl7wreN5ejIiclrOHjPXyicNJmY8Spktpof8XbiaSON18PySzTIIRk3b4vDfjJ4iciaNiazVBnBIlI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D15"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">大赛赛程</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124621" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e33fd3b3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP8Ts3GEtW5SOibckVH5cw0hkJdBTrHtA0gia7sC4mVNWD2NPj9ibVISncI7jWdypIDheTD1XeLM5aHTria9bPkG2mEEGye5icBndqE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.56);padding: 20px 22px;border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 0.5px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">大赛赛程共计两个月，采用初赛、复赛、决赛的“三级赛制”，具体赛程安排如下：</span></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;border-left: 0px dotted rgb(154, 72, 34);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 51, 160);padding: 0px 11px;line-height: 1.7;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">线上比赛阶段（初赛+复赛）</span></span></strong></p></div></div></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;border-left: 1px dotted rgb(31, 110, 215);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;margin: 0px 0px 0px 3px;padding: 10px 8px 5px 17px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">2026年9月初，发布大赛赛题，选手可登录大赛官网报名；</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 20px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">2026年9月，各赛题陆续开放数据下载和作品提交，进行线上评测。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">2026年10月上旬，反作弊审核，作品成绩复现，遴选决赛入围团队。</span></p></div></div></div></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;border-left: 0px dotted rgb(154, 72, 34);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 51, 160);padding: 0px 11px;line-height: 1.7;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">决赛阶段</span></span></strong></p></div></div></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;justify-content: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;flex: 100 100 0%;align-self: flex-start;height: auto;border-left: 1px dotted rgb(31, 110, 215);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;margin: 0px 0px 0px 3px;padding: 10px 8px 5px 17px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">2026年10月下旬，组织线下专家评审，入围决赛团队现场答辩，适时公布优胜队伍，组织颁奖。</span></p></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">备注：</span></strong></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">入围决赛团队确定后，决赛团队须指定代表参与现场答辩。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛程时间与遴选入围数量根据实际情况调整，各赛题赛程有所不同，详见各赛题页面说明。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.05648148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124619" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=6f43726d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOQ90JlibR347s1JotwhHkb0SUOYXrTacSbtMgg1KfomeCSpicHOKPbibIAB2xQqMYPuPDxmhcMibiaouFqrHo8gfPmjUjZk4GsfykE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D17"/></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124622" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a5b8524f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNJsM1VpCsvOmRPFiaJOUvWDXkqTjB77YPSvkACY4jU5mfCSQEXI92xcsmmqyrhEI0jZaIsn5WicgnxfHS1MYXAiaOJbOgqWN7Kus%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D18"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">大赛激励</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124618" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=7d64efc0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPHovKbuym3cdEibykomtew8YkmZ0VdmslxKNy9B97t5BJuAkS71P514uokWm6A1EryPgIa6FIBOLDITf1gd9DsSmUkicEW172yg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D19"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0px 0px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 90%;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.45403899721448465" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="718" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124620" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=fd7dd7f6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FRBRgSeVXhYNQj3Wl9nXEgVjM3oSp5jR661okSvKhfgBC0AqhMF7ia4ia14h1H3BE4ib2dvUrbFrUYJ0am0Mu9kqVsETuWydhj4Anyb5rh9ygEU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D20"/></p></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0px 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.05648148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124623" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=90a9da5d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNt1tyXozVs1icoIwGyuOgNuibR4Ny2N66eLGaSELoqU02TNBap9vguFeMQ5KBMvmNQuyo4frvWUMgAQryHhKw8NytCvThXwpzqU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D21"/></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124626" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=77c3862a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNr8vUMW0JSf6ib1SE8T5icr4ib1m2d27TfJ2EMO8xA0mUuMibnJbxFpicNvVWb5VSg1xqF3QwEqjGNg0lDIC7jvxdOic3eib67ctiaIIY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D22"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">报名组队</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124625" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=23e6903d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYM7M3NiaMKuebx8icpDhoksEHXibVia1n9frttOM5icD0b0MsHt10b4WrXtBEZuWzEjHVeKwxLQJSYWAI2KnE6l7tENgiaQdydICvBHY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D23"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0% 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;border-width: 1px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(0, 148, 140);width: 39%;height: auto;box-shadow: rgba(163, 177, 198, 0.5) 5px 8px 20px;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="1" data-s="300,640" data-type="jpeg" data-w="500" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/nFNzd9xjFeACntXICw6WZibG4hr70yMoT92sQ3mYQvfey5PBk0jTiagsD5QSavWnUNvFnP4GadwgdIXAjZ0VCH1Sib4Y46CYDZVRvBruX4Xnoc/0?wx_fmt=jpeg&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="225" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="222" data-imgfileid="100238736" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd69539a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeACntXICw6WZibG4hr70yMoT92sQ3mYQvfey5PBk0jTiagsD5QSavWnUNvFnP4GadwgdIXAjZ0VCH1Sib4Y46CYDZVRvBruX4Xnoc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p></div><div style="margin: 15px 0% 5px;text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 40%;vertical-align: top;box-shadow: rgb(255, 255, 255) -4px -4px 8px inset;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 40px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;width: 100%;box-shadow: rgba(163, 177, 198, 0.5) 4px 4px 8px inset;border-width: 0px;border-radius: 40px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;align-self: flex-start;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 1px;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">赛事即将发布</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><div style="font-size: 15px;text-align: center;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0.5px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">微信扫码进群关注最新动态</span></p></div><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124624" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9f608cbe&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPnu4XfttetKfzaOPibS0Y0jo2CEzkKDAGOgZnv937WGW5juFmXnUIeu6TUib9dzTT49syfibmWjnicyW40VYrzA7ib72IqGibxgicUK8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D25"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参赛要求</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124628" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d3a7a2cc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPTARfEZOjqiaiawCeTEjWvPfx9wQ6QzHz5TThhQvtibHUSwYrPyLD7PPmCDh1MOVx6u3UEdlUa18jrXgIbDia6XPMJclkON37Bm6c%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D26"/></p></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 90%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.56);padding: 20px 22px;border-radius: 5px;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(195, 226, 255, 0.99) 0%, rgba(195, 226, 255, 0) 100%);padding: 0px 5px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: -18px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(0, 51, 160);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参赛对象</span></span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">面向全国各工业部门、科研院所、高校、民营企业。</span></p></div><div style="margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(195, 226, 255, 0.99) 0%, rgba(195, 226, 255, 0) 100%);padding: 0px 5px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: -18px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 18px;color: rgb(0, 51, 160);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span style="font-size: 16px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">报名要求</span></span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参赛选手需以单位名义实名制报名（报名时准确填写单位信息），同一单位可有多支参赛队。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参赛选手可报名多个赛题，但在同一赛题中仅能报名参加一支团队。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">学生参赛者报名须指定至少一名所在单位任职的具有中级职称以上相关领域科研工作者作为团队指导教师。</span></p></div><div style="margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(195, 226, 255, 0.99) 0%, rgba(195, 226, 255, 0) 100%);padding: 0px 5px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: -18px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 51, 160);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">组队要求</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">所有报名参加同一赛题的参赛者，可在 PC 端进行组队操作。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">所有参赛选手应在截止日期前自行完成组队，每队 1-5 人（含指导教师），不可重复组队。选手需以团队身份提交各阶段的作品材料，一旦进入团队，不可退出队伍。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 15px;white-space: normal;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">多个单位的参赛者联合组队时，队长所在单位为该参赛队的第一单位。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">为保证每支参赛团队享有相对平等的提交机会，各赛题组队需满足组队成员在赛题中的提交总次数≤开赛天数*赛题每日可提交次数。</span></p></div><div style="margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: auto;vertical-align: top;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;align-self: flex-start;background-image: linear-gradient(rgba(195, 226, 255, 0.99) 0%, rgba(195, 226, 255, 0) 100%);padding: 0px 5px 3px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: -18px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 51, 160);letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">队长责任制</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">各团队队长作为团队的负责人，需自行进行团队内部分工和协调，并承担与大赛组委会对接沟通（包括但不限于晋级入围、团队信息收集、作品审核、线下活动等）的责任。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: justify;font-size: 12px;line-height: 1.9;letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">* 详细规则以后续发布的官网（</span><span leaf=""><a href="https://d2.nudt.edu.cn/tzs/" target="_blank">https://d2.nudt.edu.cn/tzs/</a></span><span leaf="">）内容为准。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0px 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.05648148148148148" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124629" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5205fd91&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNZWianiaQHImCMyMUELmQpAFAEOo3NUNPpdhnsUG3oZh6aiaB5BaubnYGnB7ABXicVXktK302FLZbtWX1WnW5ogRibOxRq4AwjysuU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D27"/></p></div><div data-remoteid="" style="background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat-y;background-size: 100%;background-attachment: scroll;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);background-image: url(&#34;https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=04f1df1d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOic9G95lHqu4JXPNlWzicHPdwndJxpfqiaZqOfEbBWmt5ptCzfKHDSiaakBCSVfHtu1atd2R9k3Zd0ngVQlKMjoU60lRYaZp9q8O8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg&#34;);" class="wx_imgbc_placeholder" data-pm-slice="3 4 []"><div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row;text-align: center;justify-content: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: perspective(0px);-webkit-transform: perspective(0px);-moz-transform: perspective(0px);-o-transform: perspective(0px);transform-style: flat;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="transform: rotateY(180deg);line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124626" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=77c3862a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNr8vUMW0JSf6ib1SE8T5icr4ib1m2d27TfJ2EMO8xA0mUuMibnJbxFpicNvVWb5VSg1xqF3QwEqjGNg0lDIC7jvxdOic3eib67ctiaIIY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D22"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 auto;align-self: center;min-width: 10%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;background-color: rgb(0, 51, 160);border-width: 0px;border-radius: 20px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(62, 62, 62);overflow: hidden;z-index: 3;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="font-size: 22px;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);padding: 0px 25px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">联系方式</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;flex: 0 0 0%;align-self: center;height: auto;margin: 0px 0px 0px -40px;z-index: 2;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;width: 70px;height: auto;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.9928909952606635" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="422" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124625" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=23e6903d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYM7M3NiaMKuebx8icpDhoksEHXibVia1n9frttOM5icD0b0MsHt10b4WrXtBEZuWzEjHVeKwxLQJSYWAI2KnE6l7tENgiaQdydICvBHY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D23"/></p></div></div></div><div style="font-size: 15px;text-align: center;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);letter-spacing: 0.5px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">曾老师（0731-87006437）</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">罗老师（0731-87006206）</span></p></div></div></div><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-size-adjust: inherit;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;" data-mpa-action-id="mm3klnbh1sq2" data-nest-level="2" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="font-family: arial, 宋体, sans-serif;font-size: 14px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="4">🔍</span></span></p><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-size-adjust: inherit;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;" data-mpa-action-id="mm3klnbhyn6" data-nest-level="2"><span style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="4">现在，在</span><strong data-nest-level="4"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="5">「知乎」</span></strong><span leaf="" data-nest-level="4">也能找到我们了</span></span></p><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 0.5em;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);letter-spacing: 0.544px;text-size-adjust: inherit;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;font-size: 16px;font-family: Optima-Regular, PingFangTC-light;" data-mpa-action-id="mm3klnbh1jal" data-nest-level="2"><span style="text-align: justify;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-size: 13px;letter-spacing: 1px;" data-nest-level="3"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="4">进入知乎首页搜索</span><strong data-nest-level="4"><span leaf="" data-nest-level="5">「PaperWeekly」</span></strong></span></p><p style="margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;margin-left: 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 12:07:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>Wiley选刊工具上线摘要匹配功能：AI技术赋能，可快速生成候选清单</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722417&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=ce7e269a92a7a94dc0775b1c27e185a9</link>
      <description>填问卷，抽Wiley定制礼品</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>Wiley威立</span> <span>2026-08-25 12:07</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9e920acc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeBx3qhgdap21MXicuJ3bwCnffkUbJkH6jUyeImA3CjiaYibaYJ3vOTyuEFRmQqsb2kVt5q9sWllic7tnb1KmlbBnkaQO1kzKNklut8%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>填问卷，抽Wiley定制礼品</p>
  <p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 8px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="72" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="502682199" data-ratio="0.125" type="block" data-type="gif" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cf77dbad&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FQTPaID1kkvjPP6GrtZqgjKUhs9p5KPx2rTEEvrxL3sgeGXpE88V05YW5fN3aWHUueuwfvLL1NQuiaJod683fm6w%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><div style="font-size: 15px;line-height: 1.75;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);"><div style="text-align: left;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;background-color: rgba(242, 242, 235, 0.5);padding: 20px;margin: 10px 0px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf="">AI时代，人工智能工具正在重塑科研人员获取信息和投稿决策的方式：从“打开搜索引擎逐条翻”到“直接询问AI获取摘要和建议”，这种转变时时刻刻都在发生。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf="">当使用 AI 辅助科研后，您获取和阅读英文论文的习惯发生了哪些变化？近期，Wiley 官方选刊工具Journal Finder推出了AI匹配摘要功能，您是否已经开始使用、有何感受？——</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">Wiley诚邀您参与“AI时代科研人员文献获取与投稿决策行为调研”问卷，您的反馈将助力我们更新洞见！</span></strong></p></div><div style="display: flex;width: 100%;flex-flow: column;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="z-index: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0px -10px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgb(0, 59, 68);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;padding: 10px 20px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 18px 0px 0px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">关于摘要匹配功能</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 0px 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;padding: 30px 20px 20px;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);height: auto;border-style: dashed;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(0, 59, 68);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf="">Wiley Journal Finder新上线的摘要匹配功能，正在利用AI技术帮科研人员将选刊这件事变简单（</span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">点击文末“阅读原文”可试用该功能</span></span><span leaf="">）。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px 0px 10px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf="">您只需上传论文标题和摘要，系统就能在Wiley 1800多个期刊中，快速匹配与您科研方向契合的选项，并支持并排比较关键指标、审稿周期和期刊政策，让您在几分钟内建立起有依据的候选清单。</span></p><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">点击视频👇，查看摘要匹配功能的使用方法</span></strong></p><p nodeleaf=""></p></div></div></div><div style="display: flex;width: 100%;flex-flow: column;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="z-index: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0px -10px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgb(0, 59, 68);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;padding: 10px 20px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 18px 0px 0px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">活动时间</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">即日起至2026年9月30日</span></span></p></div><div style="display: flex;width: 100%;flex-flow: column;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="z-index: auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;margin: 10px 0px -10px;transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-webkit-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-moz-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);-o-transform: translate3d(-10px, 0px, 0px);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;width: auto;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;background-color: rgb(0, 59, 68);border-radius: 10px;overflow: hidden;padding: 10px 20px;min-width: 5%;max-width: 100%;height: auto;margin: 18px 0px 0px;border-style: solid;border-width: 1px;border-color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;color: rgb(255, 255, 255);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参与方式</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div></div><div style="padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: center;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="font-weight: bold;">扫描下方二维码填写问卷</span></span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-ratio="0.9838056680161943" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="247" style="width:141px;height:141px;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCOia9iaic3xkrlIne2wjMgTTKlNliac3icFS1hLljfYqj7UWxFHyUDG0SLlMBnxFjWgBCuL96IcWW3mTJW6B2EBbnCp30dxfBFllcI/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="141" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="141" data-imgfileid="100238754" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=cd0e03d0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCOia9iaic3xkrlIne2wjMgTTKlNliac3icFS1hLljfYqj7UWxFHyUDG0SLlMBnxFjWgBCuL96IcWW3mTJW6B2EBbnCp30dxfBFllcI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p></div><div style="padding: 0px 8px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;text-align: left;"><span leaf="">我们将在本次活动结束后，从所有</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">真实有效</span></strong></span><span leaf="">的问卷当中抽取</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">20位</span></strong></span><span leaf="">幸运参与者，为每位中奖人赠送价值58元的</span><span style="color: rgb(0, 98, 96);box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">定制款精美礼品</span></strong></span><span leaf="">。</span></p></div><div style="text-align: center;margin-top: 10px;margin-bottom: 10px;line-height: 0;box-sizing: border-box;"><p nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="1.3333333333333333" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:308px;height:411px;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/enB7zhECl4gK7ia2RADS88lhDmial2FiakFeiaoEu7Iibjib7Ks4XJjWV9otibiaia83STSS4bRxM9MibRJQ6Vz7RVnibSOYiaOVnMq2PiaAk84RQBstpxhY/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="308" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="411" data-imgfileid="502693665" 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      <pubDate>Tue, 25 Aug 2026 12:07:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>解构Scaling Law：优化、架构、数据的三重奏</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722398&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=84bd670f87875f57e7c026c28977c998</link>
      <description>Scaling Law还能这样统一</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>苏剑林</span> <span>2026-08-24 18:38</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=37fbb5ca&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeBagkjibVc5othTw1rQFMLLKXDGtXL4KK8zhNXvCTlw1vmvF6cceDUwlHjicUdjKicX045SkCggPq5xfmNkKfYoDVSARVoGAmpZKc%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>Scaling Law还能这样统一</p>
  <p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizzwz"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" type="block" data-type="gif" data-w="635" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizzcs"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt46okwk4nx"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">©作者 |</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);"> 苏剑林</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz7vg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">单位 | </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">科学空间</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: right;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1t8n"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;">研究方向</span></span></span><span style="font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);font-weight: bold;"> | </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">NLP</span></span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt46okwk1pej"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 51, 51);">、神经网络</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz11ot"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">训练一个大型的神经网络，最终效果会受到非常多因素的影响，换个优化器，换个模型架构，或者换一个训练集，结果都可能截然不同。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz11ot"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在工程实践中，我们将调试这些因素的经验结果，戏称为“炼丹”。但如何从经验上升到规律，更准确、定量地描述它们之间的关系呢？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz11ot"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果能搞清楚这个问题，我们的炼丹将会更有底气。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1cwd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">“Scaling Law” 便试图以一种相对定量的方式来回答这个问题。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1cwd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">自 OpenAI 在 2020 年的奠基性工作（Kaplan Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[1]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）以来，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Scaling Law 已成为深度学习最可靠的经验规律之一，它可以用来预估模型性能、指导超参数选择、判断某个改动的有效性等。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1cwd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为此，也有不少工作，试图对 Scaling Law 做进一步的更贴近本质的解读。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1lp0"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">本文也来分享笔者对 Scaling Law 的一些理解。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz5am"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt47sw7e4oe" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1chn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">准备篇</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz2nf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">后文会反复遇到“在某个约束下，求幂律组合的最小值”这类问题，所以我们这一篇先准备两个基础结论。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt47tvf81cjo" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1xkd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.1 异幂不等式</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizt3r"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47upgh10c7"><span mpa-font-style="mt47upg8p93" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47uqd1gu2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47uqct1qpa"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先是一个使用次数最多的不等式，设 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="a,b,p,q,x &gt; 0"><span data-formula="a,b,p,q,x &gt; 0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 6105.2 888" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 13.813ex;height: 2.009ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="61" d="M33 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666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47uqct1vx2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么：</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz232p"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="119" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124756" data-ratio="0.20600414078674947" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="966" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c830aab2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOibTWg6wAHd1s1XnZVceuAhS4Jib4wThSbF9uCS9ibHTrTnKm6Ze1XjoSMVyh1pw9icSIGia8UjG9DPHwqrJEicfl4TBrxXZ7GmAXbA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizaqb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">取等号的条件是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1yb4"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.24940047961630696" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="834" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="144" data-imgfileid="100124757" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=55ac2839&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMwrl662YJib9T4GOPgZtOnpOCs18gFSJy4wh8N9u86ZSGz1vjc8jwng9ImSM0IAzpXOHVxic5H6jia6aib1C3hNosAPEyw56bicia44%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giztp6" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47x08f1l0z"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它是简单不等式 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="x + x^{-1} \geq 2"><span data-formula="x + x^{-1} \geq 2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -833.9 5153.7 971.9" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.312ex;width: 11.66ex;height: 2.199ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="78" d="M52 289Q59 331 106 386T222 442Q257 442 286 424T329 379Q371 442 430 442Q467 442 494 420T522 361Q522 332 508 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154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的推广，可以通过求导或者加权 AM-GM 不等式 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[2]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 来证明。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">下面演示后者，加权 AM-GM 不等式为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="w_1 x_1 + w_2 x_2 \geq (w_1 + w_2)(x_1^{w_1} x_2^{w_2})^{\frac{1}{w_1+w_2}}"><span data-formula="w_1 x_1 + w_2 x_2 \geq (w_1 + w_2)(x_1^{w_1} x_2^{w_2})^{\frac{1}{w_1+w_2}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -1122.3 16607.2 1419.6" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.673ex;width: 37.573ex;height: 3.212ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" 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BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，于是我们有：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="90" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124758" data-ratio="0.15555555555555556" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=730d070e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMrz7s3xaFDicWffQiaPUOlbhb912dWLwYwt818e4r1Kg9TzsgdlvRTWQU2KP2lSUkZAxcBhyWR19Bv0SvVuK8aOeAibSWLWgVRk0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等号成立的条件为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\frac{a x^p}{q} = \frac{b x^{-q}}{p}"><span data-formula="\frac{a x^p}{q} = \frac{b x^{-q}}{p}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -942.2 4641.1 1424.4" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 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-apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47x08f13v1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。为了方便使用，我们称这个不等式结论为“异幂不等式”，它的主要特点是有两项指数异号的幂函数。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt47x08f13v1"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">更有趣的是，最小值点和最小值本身依然还是幂律，这是后续一系列推导的基石之一。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizwus"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">1.2 最优配比率</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1yel" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, 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&#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）后，求两项幂律之和的最小值，还有一些场景（比如求参数量的最优配比）需要我们要固定它们的“和”来求最小值。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">具体来说，设 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica 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597Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，我们要求：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15215215215215216" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="88" data-imgfileid="100124759" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ce5e53cd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMiboicUsw1ntYZWEU74sCd5j4149UQedSYIdmHY4fVvpaZNsMDVYxM1hUQKerS7wLbR2fG3jwfT5hoG3Y9I35hHjTJcHHbnHRoc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">很遗憾，这个问题没有初等的解析解，但数值求解是没有问题的。不难看出最小值一定是存在的，将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, 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688T234 694Q246 694 246 685T212 542Q204 508 195 472T180 418L176 399Q176 396 182 402Q231 442 283 442Q345 442 383 396T422 280Q422 169 343 79T173 -11Q123 -11 82 27T40 150V159Q40 180 48 217T97 414Q147 611 147 623T109 637Q104 637 101 637H96Q86 637 83 637T76 640T73 647ZM336 325V331Q336 405 275 405Q258 405 240 397T207 376T181 352T163 330L157 322L136 236Q114 150 114 114Q114 66 138 42Q154 26 178 26Q211 26 245 58Q270 81 285 114T318 219Q336 291 336 325Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(429, 0)"><path data-c="71" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q340 441 372 389Q373 390 377 395T388 406T404 418Q438 442 450 442Q454 442 457 439T460 434Q460 425 391 149Q320 -135 320 -139Q320 -147 365 -148H390Q396 -156 396 -157T393 -175Q389 -188 383 -194H370Q339 -192 262 -192Q234 -192 211 -192T174 -192T157 -193Q143 -193 143 -185Q143 -182 145 -170Q149 -154 152 -151T172 -148Q220 -148 230 -141Q238 -136 258 -53T279 32Q279 33 272 29Q224 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM352 326Q329 405 277 405Q242 405 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46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(7542, 0)"><path data-c="70" d="M23 287Q24 290 25 295T30 317T40 348T55 381T75 411T101 433T134 442Q209 442 230 378L240 387Q302 442 358 442Q423 442 460 395T497 281Q497 173 421 82T249 -10Q227 -10 210 -4Q199 1 187 11T168 28L161 36Q160 35 139 -51T118 -138Q118 -144 126 -145T163 -148H188Q194 -155 194 -157T191 -175Q188 -187 185 -190T172 -194Q170 -194 161 -194T127 -193T65 -192Q-5 -192 -24 -194H-32Q-39 -187 -39 -183Q-37 -156 -26 -148H-6Q28 -147 33 -136Q36 -130 94 103T155 350Q156 355 156 364Q156 405 131 405Q109 405 94 377T71 316T59 280Q57 278 43 278H29Q23 284 23 287ZM178 102Q200 26 252 26Q282 26 310 49T356 107Q374 141 392 215T411 325V331Q411 405 350 405Q339 405 328 402T306 393T286 380T269 365T254 350T243 336T235 326L232 322Q232 321 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250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="70" d="M23 287Q24 290 25 295T30 317T40 348T55 381T75 411T101 433T134 442Q209 442 230 378L240 387Q302 442 358 442Q423 442 460 395T497 281Q497 173 421 82T249 -10Q227 -10 210 -4Q199 1 187 11T168 28L161 36Q160 35 139 -51T118 -138Q118 -144 126 -145T163 -148H188Q194 -155 194 -157T191 -175Q188 -187 185 -190T172 -194Q170 -194 161 -194T127 -193T65 -192Q-5 -192 -24 -194H-32Q-39 -187 -39 -183Q-37 -156 -26 -148H-6Q28 -147 33 -136Q36 -130 94 103T155 350Q156 355 156 364Q156 405 131 405Q109 405 94 377T71 316T59 280Q57 278 43 278H29Q23 284 23 287ZM178 102Q200 26 252 26Q282 26 310 49T356 107Q374 141 392 215T411 325V331Q411 405 350 405Q339 405 328 402T306 393T286 380T269 365T254 350T243 336T235 326L232 322Q232 321 229 308T218 264T204 212Q178 106 178 102Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1281, 0)"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2059, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，令它等于零得：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="107" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124760" data-ratio="0.18444444444444444" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4443c774&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP4I8mjytLbRF7OkMsawlKmv8TjPKW7Zr2ZTPh6YOWBVIYTTibb4wFpbeRuAiceQyUeV1v2kwnvADJWP8BFYf9pX0n3Cwjdiaxz80%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">左端在 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="(0, 1)"><span data-formula="(0, 1)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 2222.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 5.029ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="28" d="M94 250Q94 319 104 381T127 488T164 576T202 643T244 695T277 729T302 750H315H319Q333 750 333 741Q333 738 316 720T275 667T226 581T184 443T167 250T184 58T225 -81T274 -167T316 -220T333 -241Q333 -250 318 -250H315H302L274 -226Q180 -141 137 -14T94 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(389, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(889, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1333.7, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 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&#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="x"><span data-formula="x"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 572 453" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 1.294ex;height: 1.025ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="78" d="M52 289Q59 331 106 386T222 442Q257 442 286 424T329 379Q371 442 430 442Q467 442 494 420T522 361Q522 332 508 314T481 292T458 288Q439 288 427 299T415 328Q415 374 465 391Q454 404 425 404Q412 404 406 402Q368 386 350 336Q290 115 290 78Q290 50 306 38T341 26Q378 26 414 59T463 140Q466 150 469 151T485 153H489Q504 153 504 145Q504 144 502 134Q486 77 440 33T333 -11Q263 -11 227 52Q186 -10 133 -10H127Q78 -10 57 16T35 71Q35 103 54 123T99 143Q142 143 142 101Q142 81 130 66T107 46T94 41L91 40Q91 39 97 36T113 29T132 26Q168 26 194 71Q203 87 217 139T245 247T261 313Q266 340 266 352Q266 380 251 392T217 404Q177 404 142 372T93 290Q91 281 88 280T72 278H58Q52 284 52 289Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 显然是单调递增的，并且 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="x\to 1"><span data-formula="x\to 1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 2627.6 677" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 5.945ex;height: 1.532ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="78" d="M52 289Q59 331 106 386T222 442Q257 442 286 424T329 379Q371 442 430 442Q467 442 494 420T522 361Q522 332 508 314T481 292T458 288Q439 288 427 299T415 328Q415 374 465 391Q454 404 425 404Q412 404 406 402Q368 386 350 336Q290 115 290 78Q290 50 306 38T341 26Q378 26 414 59T463 140Q466 150 469 151T485 153H489Q504 153 504 145Q504 144 502 134Q486 77 440 33T333 -11Q263 -11 227 52Q186 -10 133 -10H127Q78 -10 57 16T35 71Q35 103 54 123T99 143Q142 143 142 101Q142 81 130 66T107 46T94 41L91 40Q91 39 97 36T113 29T132 26Q168 26 194 71Q203 87 217 139T245 247T261 313Q266 340 266 352Q266 380 251 392T217 404Q177 404 142 372T93 290Q91 281 88 280T72 278H58Q52 284 52 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GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 时，左端趋于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\infty"><span data-formula="\infty"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 1000 453" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 2.262ex;height: 1.025ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="221E" d="M55 217Q55 305 111 373T254 442Q342 442 419 381Q457 350 493 303L507 284L514 294Q618 442 747 442Q833 442 888 374T944 214Q944 128 889 59T743 -11Q657 -11 580 50Q542 81 506 128L492 147L485 137Q381 -11 252 -11Q166 -11 111 57T55 217ZM907 217Q907 285 869 341T761 397Q740 397 720 392T682 378T648 359T619 335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，当 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="x\to 0"><span data-formula="x\to 0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 2627.6 688" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 5.945ex;height: 1.557ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="78" d="M52 289Q59 331 106 386T222 442Q257 442 286 424T329 379Q371 442 430 442Q467 442 494 420T522 361Q522 332 508 314T481 292T458 288Q439 288 427 299T415 328Q415 374 465 391Q454 404 425 404Q412 404 406 402Q368 386 350 336Q290 115 290 78Q290 50 306 38T341 26Q378 26 414 59T463 140Q466 150 469 151T485 153H489Q504 153 504 145Q504 144 502 134Q486 77 440 33T333 -11Q263 -11 227 52Q186 -10 133 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333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 时，左端趋于 0。由介值定理可知它在 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="(0, 1)"><span data-formula="(0, 1)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 2222.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 5.029ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="28" d="M94 250Q94 319 104 381T127 488T164 576T202 643T244 695T277 729T302 750H315H319Q333 750 333 741Q333 738 316 720T275 667T226 581T184 443T167 250T184 58T225 -81T274 -167T316 -220T333 -241Q333 -250 318 -250H315H302L274 -226Q180 -141 137 -14T94 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(389, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" 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style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt480hpn21vf"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 内存在唯一解，直接二分法即可求得。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizjmk"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b7d5b37a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizkks"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">思想篇</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1uak"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个模型的训练过程，可以形式化为：</span></span></span></p><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1sxh"><div style="justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-left: 3px solid rgb(219, 219, 219);border-bottom-left-radius: 0px;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;padding: 0px 15px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 15px;letter-spacing: 1px;line-height: 1.9;box-sizing: border-box;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-mpa-action-id="mt4879cb2tu"><span mpa-font-style="mt4879bz8c3" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt487a4ya29"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt487a4l1rpx"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">在给定数据 </span></span></span><span style="cursor:pointer;" data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 771 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.744ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M37 475Q19 475 19 487Q19 536 103 604T327 682H356Q386 683 408 683H419Q475 683 506 681T582 668T667 633Q766 571 766 450Q766 365 723 287T611 152T455 57T279 6Q248 1 160 0Q148 0 131 0T108 -1Q72 -1 72 11Q72 24 90 40T133 64L144 68L152 88Q247 328 272 587Q275 613 272 613Q272 613 269 613Q225 610 195 602T149 579T129 556T119 532Q118 530 116 525T113 518Q102 502 80 490T37 475ZM665 407Q665 596 412 613Q403 614 383 614Q370 614 370 612Q370 598 363 542T323 357T242 103L228 69H265Q391 73 481 119Q536 148 575 188T633 268T658 338T665 392V407Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">、架构 </span></span></span><span 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data-mpa-action-id="mt487a4l16aj"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">。</span></span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><span 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470Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 表示某个理想分布，也可以将它想象为一个无比巨大的测试集，而我们能构建的任意训练集 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 771 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 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d="M144 470Q144 556 240 630T451 705Q564 705 564 637Q564 611 540 573Q529 559 505 547T464 534Q448 534 448 545Q448 552 455 562Q463 577 463 591Q463 600 462 604T456 616T436 627T400 635Q396 635 390 635T380 636Q291 636 258 568Q245 544 245 516Q245 463 290 438T391 410Q415 410 415 398Q415 392 407 380T376 356T326 341Q288 340 260 327Q218 311 187 276T143 208T130 151Q130 113 156 88T211 55T268 47Q349 47 403 125Q415 144 439 157T483 171Q499 171 499 160Q499 148 475 120T413 59T315 3T197 -22Q124 -22 77 14T30 105Q30 126 39 154T66 216T122 288T209 354L223 362Q144 400 144 470Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4838c6179y"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 上能达到的损失值。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz17w6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.1 三重分解</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz7ld"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们考虑如下分解：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1g32"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="252" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124761" data-ratio="0.4361111111111111" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3430acb5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMk9WHtD4djwqQfdIFEGuzSMB8mgibap7h9iaficwYmOXZFhJMia4tC2smEB4A14lK7pf9eL0rumMnr4nku0lbEMAIj3o5oUb4ib2KA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizdx8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个分解看上去将问题复杂化了，但实际上它将当前训练状态到理想目标的距离，分解成了层层递进的三步。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizdx8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在“越多越好”的常规假设下，每个括号都是非负的，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">因此它相当于把总差距写成三段各自可解释的距离之和，尽可能解耦了各个变量对损失函数的影响，使我们可以更合理地推测它们之间的依赖关系。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1kme"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现在我们就来逐一解释式中每一项的含义。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz14sb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.2 数据误差</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz8lv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第一层分解是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizb2g"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="89" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124762" data-ratio="0.1537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a8425530&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMqYFXRD33Gp1ICj90eicicZjTcaX3Egx4wmd9WPibkOpMp5OMZGTTjRglJGwsAElic1liaKmISbKvmfoexVl3Ye9Picb90GXO9HqJR0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1rit" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48buyjc15"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 4567.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 10.334ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" 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data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="41" d="M576 668Q576 688 606 708T660 728Q676 728 675 712V571Q675 409 688 252Q696 122 720 57Q722 53 723 50T728 46T732 43T737 41T743 39L754 45Q788 61 803 61Q819 61 819 47Q818 43 814 35Q799 15 755 -7T675 -30Q659 -30 648 -25T630 -8T621 11T614 34Q603 77 599 106T594 146T591 160V163H460L329 164L316 145Q241 35 196 -7T119 -50T59 -24T30 43Q30 75 46 100T74 125Q81 125 83 120T88 104T96 84Q118 57 151 57Q189 57 277 182Q432 400 542 625L559 659H567Q574 659 575 660T576 668ZM584 249Q579 333 577 386T575 473T574 520V581L563 560Q497 426 412 290L372 228L370 224H371L383 228L393 232H586L584 249Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和优化器 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{O}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{O}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 796 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.801ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4F" d="M308 428Q289 428 289 438Q289 457 318 508T378 593Q417 638 475 671T599 705Q688 705 732 643T777 483Q777 380 733 285T620 123T464 18T293 -22Q188 -22 123 51T58 245Q58 327 87 403T159 533T249 626T333 685T388 705Q404 705 404 693Q404 674 363 649Q333 632 304 606T239 537T181 429T158 290Q158 179 214 114T364 48Q489 48 583 165T677 438Q677 473 670 505T648 568T601 617T528 636Q518 636 513 635Q486 629 460 600T419 544T392 490Q383 470 372 459Q341 430 308 428Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 下，模型在训练集 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, 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69H265Q391 73 481 119Q536 148 575 188T633 268T658 338T665 392V407Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 上的损失值。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">注意，根据定义，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{E}|\mathcal{D},\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{E}|\mathcal{D},\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 5576.3 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 12.616ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4C" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 217 683Q271 680 344 680Q485 680 506 683H518Q524 677 524 674T522 656Q517 641 513 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632 304 606T239 537T181 429T158 290Q158 179 214 114T364 48Q489 48 583 165T677 438Q677 473 670 505T648 568T601 617T528 636Q518 636 513 635Q486 629 460 600T419 544T392 490Q383 470 372 459Q341 430 308 428Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(5187.3, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 代表模型在理想分布 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 564 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.276ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="45" d="M144 470Q144 556 240 630T451 705Q564 705 564 637Q564 611 540 573Q529 559 505 547T464 534Q448 534 448 545Q448 552 455 562Q463 577 463 591Q463 600 462 604T456 616T436 627T400 635Q396 635 390 635T380 636Q291 636 258 568Q245 544 245 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&#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 564 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.276ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="45" d="M144 470Q144 556 240 630T451 705Q564 705 564 637Q564 611 540 573Q529 559 505 547T464 534Q448 534 448 545Q448 552 455 562Q463 577 463 591Q463 600 462 604T456 616T436 627T400 635Q396 635 390 635T380 636Q291 636 258 568Q245 544 245 516Q245 463 290 438T391 410Q415 410 415 398Q415 392 407 380T376 356T326 341Q288 340 260 327Q218 311 187 276T143 208T130 151Q130 113 156 88T211 55T268 47Q349 47 403 125Q415 144 439 157T483 171Q499 171 499 160Q499 148 475 120T413 59T315 3T197 -22Q124 -22 77 14T30 105Q30 126 39 154T66 216T122 288T209 354L223 362Q144 400 144 470Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 在训练过程中是不可触碰的，我们只能跟训练集 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{D}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 771 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.744ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M37 475Q19 475 19 487Q19 536 103 604T327 682H356Q386 683 408 683H419Q475 683 506 681T582 668T667 633Q766 571 766 450Q766 365 723 287T611 152T455 57T279 6Q248 1 160 0Q148 0 131 0T108 -1Q72 -1 72 11Q72 24 90 40T133 64L144 68L152 88Q247 328 272 587Q275 613 272 613Q272 613 269 613Q225 610 195 602T149 579T129 556T119 532Q118 530 116 525T113 518Q102 502 80 490T37 475ZM665 407Q665 596 412 613Q403 614 383 614Q370 614 370 612Q370 598 363 542T323 357T242 103L228 69H265Q391 73 481 119Q536 148 575 188T633 268T658 338T665 392V407Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 打交道，所以只能得到训练损失 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 4567.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 10.334ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4C" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 217 683Q271 680 344 680Q485 680 506 683H518Q524 677 524 674T522 656Q517 641 513 637H475Q406 636 394 628Q387 624 380 600T313 336Q297 271 279 198T252 88L243 52Q243 48 252 48T311 46H328Q360 46 379 47T428 54T478 72T522 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544T392 490Q383 470 372 459Q341 430 308 428Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(4178.7, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，然后设法通过 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, 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mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一项通常也叫“泛化误差”，其关键影响因素是数据——比如数据的数量、质量、多样性，等等。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此外，架构 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{A}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{A}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -728 819 778" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.113ex;width: 1.853ex;height: 1.76ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="41" d="M576 668Q576 688 606 708T660 728Q676 728 675 712V571Q675 409 688 252Q696 122 720 57Q722 53 723 50T728 46T732 43T737 41T743 39L754 45Q788 61 803 61Q819 61 819 47Q818 43 814 35Q799 15 755 -7T675 -30Q659 -30 648 -25T630 -8T621 11T614 34Q603 77 599 106T594 146T591 160V163H460L329 164L316 145Q241 35 196 -7T119 -50T59 -24T30 43Q30 75 46 100T74 125Q81 125 83 120T88 104T96 84Q118 57 151 57Q189 57 277 182Q432 400 542 625L559 659H567Q574 659 575 660T576 668ZM584 249Q579 333 577 386T575 473T574 520V581L563 560Q497 426 412 290L372 228L370 224H371L383 228L393 232H586L584 249Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、优化器 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\mathcal{O}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{O}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 796 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.801ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4F" d="M308 428Q289 428 289 438Q289 457 318 508T378 593Q417 638 475 671T599 705Q688 705 732 643T777 483Q777 380 733 285T620 123T464 18T293 -22Q188 -22 123 51T58 245Q58 327 87 403T159 533T249 626T333 685T388 705Q404 705 404 693Q404 674 363 649Q333 632 304 606T239 537T181 429T158 290Q158 179 214 114T364 48Q489 48 583 165T677 438Q677 473 670 505T648 568T601 617T528 636Q518 636 513 635Q486 629 460 600T419 544T392 490Q383 470 372 459Q341 430 308 428Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48buyj1ff0"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 也可能改变泛化误差，具体要考虑哪些变量，取决于我们的分析目标。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1s7r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.3 优化误差</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz6ib"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第二层分解是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1fgj"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="89" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124763" data-ratio="0.1537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=38bdd572&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPicTp67IffFiaWqdcZYzQVxKXUZtJZMztsup8uAK97JNhjdDuFQX64fccdBqNE92iczGFgYYookRpoWzH6VYwQyMv6gnp22hJQmw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizgng" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48fn7m1cwr"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 4771.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 10.796ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4C" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 217 683Q271 680 344 680Q485 680 506 683H518Q524 677 524 674T522 656Q517 641 513 637H475Q406 636 394 628Q387 624 380 600T313 336Q297 271 279 198T252 88L243 52Q243 48 252 48T311 46H328Q360 46 379 47T428 54T478 72T522 106T564 161Q580 191 594 228T611 270Q616 273 628 273H641Q647 264 647 262T627 203T583 83T557 9Q555 4 553 3T537 0T494 -1Q483 -1 418 -1T294 0H116Q32 0 32 10Q32 17 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(681, 0)"><path data-c="28" d="M94 250Q94 319 104 381T127 488T164 576T202 643T244 695T277 729T302 750H315H319Q333 750 333 741Q333 738 316 720T275 667T226 581T184 443T167 250T184 58T225 -81T274 -167T316 -220T333 -241Q333 -250 318 -250H315H302L274 -226Q180 -141 137 -14T94 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(1070, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M37 475Q19 475 19 487Q19 536 103 604T327 682H356Q386 683 408 683H419Q475 683 506 681T582 668T667 633Q766 571 766 450Q766 365 723 287T611 152T455 57T279 6Q248 1 160 0Q148 0 131 0T108 -1Q72 -1 72 11Q72 24 90 40T133 64L144 68L152 88Q247 328 272 587Q275 613 272 613Q272 613 269 613Q225 610 195 602T149 579T129 556T119 532Q118 530 116 525T113 518Q102 502 80 490T37 475ZM665 407Q665 596 412 613Q403 614 383 614Q370 614 370 612Q370 598 363 542T323 357T242 103L228 69H265Q391 73 481 119Q536 148 575 188T633 268T658 338T665 392V407Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1841, 0)"><path data-c="7C" d="M139 -249H137Q125 -249 119 -235V251L120 737Q130 750 139 750Q152 750 159 735V-235Q151 -249 141 -249H139Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2119, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="41" d="M576 668Q576 688 606 708T660 728Q676 728 675 712V571Q675 409 688 252Q696 122 720 57Q722 53 723 50T728 46T732 43T737 41T743 39L754 45Q788 61 803 61Q819 61 819 47Q818 43 814 35Q799 15 755 -7T675 -30Q659 -30 648 -25T630 -8T621 11T614 34Q603 77 599 106T594 146T591 160V163H460L329 164L316 145Q241 35 196 -7T119 -50T59 -24T30 43Q30 75 46 100T74 125Q81 125 83 120T88 104T96 84Q118 57 151 57Q189 57 277 182Q432 400 542 625L559 659H567Q574 659 575 660T576 668ZM584 249Q579 333 577 386T575 473T574 520V581L563 560Q497 426 412 290L372 228L370 224H371L383 228L393 232H586L584 249Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(2938, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(3382.7, 0)"><path data-c="221E" d="M55 217Q55 305 111 373T254 442Q342 442 419 381Q457 350 493 303L507 284L514 294Q618 442 747 442Q833 442 888 374T944 214Q944 128 889 59T743 -11Q657 -11 580 50Q542 81 506 128L492 147L485 137Q381 -11 252 -11Q166 -11 111 57T55 217ZM907 217Q907 285 869 341T761 397Q740 397 720 392T682 378T648 359T619 335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(4382.7, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 代表把优化推到极致——比如有一个完美的超级优化器，或者把训练步数与调参次数都推向无穷——时，训练集上能达到的理想损失。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所以，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 4771.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 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&#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48fn7m1pj"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 则表示实践优化器与这个天花板的距离，它衡量的是优化器是否足够好——比如学习率是否合适、训练步数够不够、批大小是否足够稳定梯度，等等。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz10bi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2.4 架构误差</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizwmr"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第三层分解是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1m0m"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.1537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="89" data-imgfileid="100124764" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=76e40491&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMjvF6c52HkRshbF5cOCMhOmiaJbyCKknr3IVbZOuYd6MGWVpic4pW6yzBibR27eZ7Yrk0NicpUsQeq35yQibd5dur00MdwkTFdXU7k%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz16yn" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48i0n4zt2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 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YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 是当前这份数据自身决定的理论极限，而 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty) - L(\mathcal{D}|\infty,\infty)"><span data-formula="L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty) - L(\mathcal{D}|\infty,\infty)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 10946.8 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 24.766ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path 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335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(10557.8, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48i0n4m3n"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 则表示实践模型与其理论极限的效果差距。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 32px;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48i0n4m3n"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它衡量的是架构是否足够好——参数量够不够、深度宽度够不够、残差还有没有改进空间，等等。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz6ng"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d2cdf8c6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizhqi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">优化篇</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz4xq"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kpvcddt"><span mpa-font-style="mt48kpuyp0d" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kr2b16dd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kr1xlse"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一节我们先来探讨优化差距 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="F_{\text{opt}} = L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O}) - L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><span data-formula="F_{\text{opt}} = L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O}) - L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty)"><svg 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stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kr1xoku"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、批大小 B 和训练步数 T 这三个核心参数的影响。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kpvcddt"><span mpa-font-style="mt48kpuyp0d" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kr2b16dd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48kr1xoku"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当然，理论上可以把其他参数如动量还有其他细节都考虑进去，但这里我们主要考虑这三个参数。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizvj8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.1 关系分析</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz15aj" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48mclj15jz"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先，一个合理的假设是“训得越多，效果越好”，这里训得越多包括“步数越多”以及“学习率越大”两重含义。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48mclj15jz"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">或者我们可以直观地认为，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="T\eta"><span data-formula="T\eta"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" 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63);"> 才是模型走过的“路程”，走的路程越长，效果越好，于是可以猜测有一项贡献是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1}"><span data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 4274.3 1025.2" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 9.67ex;height: 2.32ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 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258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一方面，训练效果也会受到噪声影响，合理的假设是噪声越大效果越差。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">噪声来源于两方面，一是批大小 B，它越小噪声越大，二是学习率，它代表着训练过程的不光滑程度，它越大也意味着噪声越大，所以我们猜测还有另外一项 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="\alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2} + \alpha_3\eta^{\gamma_3}"><span data-formula="\alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2} + \alpha_3\eta^{\gamma_3}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 6519 991.2" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 14.749ex;height: 2.243ex;" 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normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">将这两部分加起来得到：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1obd"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="96" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124765" data-ratio="0.166" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1000" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=72dfad47&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNe9MH4rseZCb8ZvBY3oa8ZlpbYYib9v9fmHRfJgIbyJdjrAwdwntrObDknUshMePiabGPRYwOuicca1wuc7hBKxianeck01iaOrORc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D13"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz132b" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48nmf712u2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们也可以将训练过程分为两阶段来理解上式：训练初期，噪声是次要的，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1}"><span data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 4274.3 1025.2" aria-hidden="true" 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160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 这一项让损失函数先快速降下来，随后，噪声开始逐渐发挥作用，模型开始在目标点附近震荡，类似螺旋下降的轨迹。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个形式跟 2503.12645 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[3]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2603.15958 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[4]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 所用的一致。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">值得指出的是，这两篇工作并不是实验拟合，而是直接对 SignSGD、Muon 等类型的优化器的收敛性做理论分析得出，结论是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><span data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 9210 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 20.837ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 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&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48nmf724t4"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。在后面的推导中，我们可以代入这几个数值进行简单验算。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1cw8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.2 最优学习率</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz23rq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">式（10）里边有 6 个参数，直接拿去拟合的话，需要打非常多的点，成本会非常高。同时也非常容易出现过拟合问题。对此，我们可以利用最优参数假设，进一步简化形式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1zmt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先，根据异幂不等式，可以求得让右端最小的最优学习率是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizy7s"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="127" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124766" data-ratio="0.2198019801980198" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1010" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=030d14fc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMz4J8zdZemLqoBkQkfgOMuI4PebW9Z6OZA5s8KJHAEIs3MMckqFDaQuib6oKfIUDoI1QKf95VVMiaNyGzq1bvnKpLDcBEj0fHj0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D14"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizrfd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相应的最小值是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizsmz"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="152" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124767" data-ratio="0.26296296296296295" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d8f66ee7&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYN48cnUWe5HDxYibpHUJcZQK7DU84kO1TDicPP0sZyvficBFDj3IdH5qL37ib6I3TicGpTb0hf1abVWVBNXo7vRaibOicicoN7J2Rj0YCk%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D15"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1eq9"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48prdk217"><span mpa-font-style="mt48prd41b91" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psg523fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psfp24on"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">这告诉我们两个结果：</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48prdk217"><span mpa-font-style="mt48prd41b91" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psg523fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psfp24on"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 存在某个 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="0 &lt; c &lt; 1"><span data-formula="0 &lt; c &lt; 1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 4100.1 706" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.09ex;width: 9.276ex;height: 1.597ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(777.8, 0)"><path data-c="3C" d="M694 -11T694 -19T688 -33T678 -40Q671 -40 524 29T234 166L90 235Q83 240 83 250Q83 261 91 266Q664 540 678 540Q681 540 687 534T694 519T687 505Q686 504 417 376L151 250L417 124Q686 -4 687 -5Q694 -11 694 -19Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1833.6, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(2544.3, 0)"><path data-c="3C" d="M694 -11T694 -19T688 -33T678 -40Q671 -40 524 29T234 166L90 235Q83 240 83 250Q83 261 91 266Q664 540 678 540Q681 540 687 534T694 519T687 505Q686 504 417 376L151 250L417 124Q686 -4 687 -5Q694 -11 694 -19Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(3600.1, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，使得最优学习率反比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="T^c"><span data-formula="T^c"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -677 1134.2 677" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.566ex;height: 1.532ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="54" d="M40 437Q21 437 21 445Q21 450 37 501T71 602L88 651Q93 669 101 677H569H659Q691 677 697 676T704 667Q704 661 687 553T668 444Q668 437 649 437Q640 437 637 437T631 442L629 445Q629 451 635 490T641 551Q641 586 628 604T573 629Q568 630 515 631Q469 631 457 630T439 622Q438 621 368 343T298 60Q298 48 386 46Q418 46 427 45T436 36Q436 31 433 22Q429 4 424 1L422 0Q419 0 415 0Q410 0 363 1T228 2Q99 2 64 0H49Q43 6 43 9T45 27Q49 40 55 46H83H94Q174 46 189 55Q190 56 191 56Q196 59 201 76T241 233Q258 301 269 344Q339 619 339 625Q339 630 310 630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(778, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48prdk217"><span mpa-font-style="mt48prd41b91" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psg523fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 假设我们总能为每个配置找到最优学习率，那么优化误差的渐近规律可简化成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="\tilde{\alpha}_1 T^{-\tilde{\gamma}_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2}"><span data-formula="\tilde{\alpha}_1 T^{-\tilde{\gamma}_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -860.8 7367.8 1010.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;width: 16.669ex;height: 2.287ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(97.8, 287)"><path data-c="7E" d="M179 251Q164 251 151 245T131 234T111 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93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的形式，参数降低至 4 个。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48prdk217"><span mpa-font-style="mt48prd41b91" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psg523fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这正是 2607.01487 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[5]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 提议使用的解耦形式，而 2605.09154 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[6]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 从带噪二次型出发推导，也得出将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="B,T"><span data-formula="B,T"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1907.7 877" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 4.316ex;height: 1.984ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1203.7, 0)"><path data-c="54" d="M40 437Q21 437 21 445Q21 450 37 501T71 602L88 651Q93 669 101 677H569H659Q691 677 697 676T704 667Q704 661 687 553T668 444Q668 437 649 437Q640 437 637 437T631 442L629 445Q629 451 635 490T641 551Q641 586 628 604T573 629Q568 630 515 631Q469 631 457 630T439 622Q438 621 368 343T298 60Q298 48 386 46Q418 46 427 45T436 36Q436 31 433 22Q429 4 424 1L422 0Q419 0 415 0Q410 0 363 1T228 2Q99 2 64 0H49Q43 6 43 9T45 27Q49 40 55 46H83H94Q174 46 189 55Q190 56 191 56Q196 59 201 76T241 233Q258 301 269 344Q339 619 339 625Q339 630 310 630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48psfpvpz"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 分开建模的结论。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizu23"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.3 最优批大小</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1jc4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现在从最优学习率的假设出发，优化误差设为：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1bgl"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="94" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124768" data-ratio="0.16291532690246516" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="933" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=fdc8f7ad&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMxtqUZII8GWkECNSKp8D3cs036wDqHnSic8EpWfGADowK0dvhCNxic71KWhIcIlafjjDUGGHLfiaxP6VRKDdW50Ize2NVibaUhVNw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz19fx"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s0zrut6"><span mpa-font-style="mt48s0z91uzx" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s237ttj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s22r11b"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">记 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="K = B T"><span data-formula="K = B T"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 3685.6 765" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.186ex;width: 8.338ex;height: 1.731ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1166.8, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2222.6, 0)"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2981.6, 0)"><path data-c="54" d="M40 437Q21 437 21 445Q21 450 37 501T71 602L88 651Q93 669 101 677H569H659Q691 677 697 676T704 667Q704 661 687 553T668 444Q668 437 649 437Q640 437 637 437T631 442L629 445Q629 451 635 490T641 551Q641 586 628 604T573 629Q568 630 515 631Q469 631 457 630T439 622Q438 621 368 343T298 60Q298 48 386 46Q418 46 427 45T436 36Q436 31 433 22Q429 4 424 1L422 0Q419 0 415 0Q410 0 363 1T228 2Q99 2 64 0H49Q43 6 43 9T45 27Q49 40 55 46H83H94Q174 46 189 55Q190 56 191 56Q196 59 201 76T241 233Q258 301 269 344Q339 619 339 625Q339 630 310 630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，它表示训练过程中所学过的样本数，注意我们没限制 Multi-Epoch，所以不排除某些样本会被重复学习多次的可能。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 0px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s0zrut6"><span mpa-font-style="mt48s0z91uzx" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s237ttj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果固定 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么右端变成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="\tilde{\alpha}_1 (B / K)^{\tilde{\gamma}_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2}"><span data-formula="\tilde{\alpha}_1 (B / K)^{\tilde{\gamma}_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -860.8 8965.6 1110.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 20.284ex;height: 2.513ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(97.8, 287)"><path data-c="7E" d="M179 251Q164 251 151 245T131 234T111 215L97 227L83 238Q83 239 95 253T121 283T142 304Q165 318 187 318T253 300T320 282Q335 282 348 288T368 299T388 318L402 306L416 295Q375 236 344 222Q330 215 313 215Q292 215 248 233T179 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35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2191.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2691.6, 0)"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(3580.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 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282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 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250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(778, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48s22r1kue"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，继续由异幂不等式可以求得最小值为：</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizwkf"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.19537037037037036" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="113" data-imgfileid="100124769" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=023e895c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPWxXq7S1s4kJyAsH6cYm9IIJz5tOODSccAOJyBr92x9yJMECNCsxeIHNlDy5lMwqRhMNtS4FpvkN79lYLwRkr9P4XO9zzD0jA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D17"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1xwo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等号在：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizvz0"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="113" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124770" data-ratio="0.1961961961961962" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=41810ee9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPuU8DhzZ8RQIbYCAHqQclwwic9Fbj1mKeLmF2IY1wjNwblyhyfblzCZzHXITLNDaZiaedo36ukibykUu1bpp7Np59jO4hnv0egicg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D18"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz2537"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48t5fz1xb1"><span mpa-font-style="mt48t5fictu" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48t6h4n71"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48t6gn22vn"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">这同样有两个结论：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">给定总训练样本数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 下，最优批大小 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="B^*"><span data-formula="B^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1162.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.63ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 正比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="K^c"><span data-formula="K^c"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1303.2 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.948ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，其中 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="c\in(0, 1)"><span data-formula="c\in(0, 1)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 3878.2 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 8.774ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(710.8, 0)"><path data-c="2208" d="M84 250Q84 372 166 450T360 539Q361 539 377 539T419 540T469 540H568Q583 532 583 520Q583 511 570 501L466 500Q355 499 329 494Q280 482 242 458T183 409T147 354T129 306T124 272V270H568Q583 262 583 250T568 230H124V228Q124 207 134 177T167 112T231 48T328 7Q355 1 466 0H570Q583 -10 583 -20Q583 -32 568 -40H471Q464 -40 446 -40T417 -41Q262 -41 172 45Q84 127 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1655.6, 0)"><path data-c="28" d="M94 250Q94 319 104 381T127 488T164 576T202 643T244 695T277 729T302 750H315H319Q333 750 333 741Q333 738 316 720T275 667T226 581T184 443T167 250T184 58T225 -81T274 -167T316 -220T333 -241Q333 -250 318 -250H315H302L274 -226Q180 -141 137 -14T94 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2044.6, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(2544.6, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2989.2, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(3489.2, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">；而在最优批大小下，Scaling Law 简化成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="\hat{\alpha}_1 K^{-\hat{\gamma}_1}"><span data-formula="\hat{\alpha}_1 K^{-\hat{\gamma}_1}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -903.2 3260 1053.2" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;width: 7.376ex;height: 2.383ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(97.8, -29)"><path data-c="5E" d="M112 560L249 694L257 686Q387 562 387 560L361 531Q359 532 303 581L250 627L195 580Q182 569 169 557T148 538L140 532Q138 530 125 546L112 560Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1043.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(778, 0)"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(40.3, -30)"><path data-c="5E" d="M112 560L249 694L257 686Q387 562 387 560L361 531Q359 532 303 581L250 627L195 580Q182 569 169 557T148 538L140 532Q138 530 125 546L112 560Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(543, -251.4) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48t6gnonj"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">这正是经典的 Scaling Law 形式</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizrtp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.4 小结一下</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1nzy" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48wje612b6"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现在我们可以总结一下：</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt48wje612b6"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">优化器一般的 Scaling Law 是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2} + \alpha_3\eta^{\gamma_3}"><span data-formula="\alpha_1 (T\eta)^{-\gamma_1} + \alpha_2 B^{-\gamma_2} + \alpha_3\eta^{\gamma_3}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 12015.7 1025.2" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 27.185ex;height: 2.32ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" 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238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，如果假设总在最优学习率下跑，那么可以简化成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, 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61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(778, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，如果进一步给定训练样本数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 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mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而对于最优参数，最优批大小则正比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的某个不大于 1 的幂，这跟 Step Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[7]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 吻合。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最优学习率反比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei 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d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(3904.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 换算，最优学习率也反比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的某个不大于 1 的幂，这跟 Microsoft Law</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [8]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 吻合，但跟 Step Law</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [7] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相反。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果代入前面提到的理论值 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><span data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 9210 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 20.837ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1199.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" 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436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(6654.2, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(7710, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(8210, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(8710, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么有 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\tilde{\gamma}_1 = 1/2"><span data-formula="\tilde{\gamma}_1 = 1/2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 3780.1 1001.4" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.569ex;width: 8.552ex;height: 2.266ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(40.3, 286)"><path data-c="7E" d="M179 251Q164 251 151 245T131 234T111 215L97 227L83 238Q83 239 95 253T121 283T142 304Q165 318 187 318T253 300T320 282Q335 282 348 288T368 299T388 318L402 306L416 295Q375 236 344 222Q330 215 313 215Q292 215 248 233T179 251Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(543, -251.4) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 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data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(3280.1, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，继而得 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*\sim K^{1/2}"><span data-formula="B^*\sim K^{1/2}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 4553.8 893.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 10.303ex;height: 2.021ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1440.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2496.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(500, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1000, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这跟 Step Law 给出的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*\sim K^{0.571}"><span data-formula="B^*\sim K^{0.571}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -841 5103.9 841" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 11.547ex;height: 1.903ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 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data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path><path data-c="2E" d="M78 60Q78 84 95 102T138 120Q162 120 180 104T199 61Q199 36 182 18T139 0T96 17T78 60Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="35" d="M164 157Q164 133 148 117T109 101H102Q148 22 224 22Q294 22 326 82Q345 115 345 210Q345 313 318 349Q292 382 260 382H254Q176 382 136 314Q132 307 129 306T114 304Q97 304 95 310Q93 314 93 485V614Q93 664 98 664Q100 666 102 666Q103 666 123 658T178 642T253 634Q324 634 389 662Q397 666 402 666Q410 666 410 648V635Q328 538 205 538Q174 538 149 544L139 546V374Q158 388 169 396T205 412T256 420Q337 420 393 355T449 201Q449 109 385 44T229 -22Q148 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-apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 还是比较接近的。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此外还有 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^* \sim T^{-1/2}"><span data-formula="\eta^* \sim T^{-1/2}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 4672.9 1109.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 10.572ex;height: 2.51ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1178.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2234.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="54" d="M40 437Q21 437 21 445Q21 450 37 501T71 602L88 651Q93 669 101 677H569H659Q691 677 697 676T704 667Q704 661 687 553T668 444Q668 437 649 437Q640 437 637 437T631 442L629 445Q629 451 635 490T641 551Q641 586 628 604T573 629Q568 630 515 631Q469 631 457 630T439 622Q438 621 368 343T298 60Q298 48 386 46Q418 46 427 45T436 36Q436 31 433 22Q429 4 424 1L422 0Q419 0 415 0Q410 0 363 1T228 2Q99 2 64 0H49Q43 6 43 9T45 27Q49 40 55 46H83H94Q174 46 189 55Q190 56 191 56Q196 59 201 76T241 233Q258 301 269 344Q339 619 339 625Q339 630 310 630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(778, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(1278, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1778, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，按照 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft 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630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(778, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1459.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 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85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(3404.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(3904.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 换算得 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^* \sim K^{-1/4}"><span data-formula="\eta^* \sim K^{-1/4}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 4841.9 1109.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 10.955ex;height: 2.51ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1178.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2234.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(1278, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1778, 0)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这跟 Microsoft Law 的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^* \sim K^{-0.32}"><span data-formula="\eta^* \sim K^{-0.32}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -833.9 5038.5 1049.9" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 11.399ex;height: 2.375ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1178.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2234.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path><path data-c="2E" d="M78 60Q78 84 95 102T138 120Q162 120 180 104T199 61Q199 36 182 18T139 0T96 17T78 60Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z" transform="translate(778, 0)"></path><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z" transform="translate(1278, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 也相差不远。最后还有 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*\sim K^{-1/4}"><span data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*\sim K^{-1/4}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 5656.1 1277.5" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.869ex;width: 12.797ex;height: 2.89ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msubsup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 669Q749 664 736 557T722 447Q720 440 702 440H690Q683 445 683 453Q683 454 686 477T689 530Q689 560 682 579T663 610T626 626T575 633T503 634H480Q398 633 393 631Q388 629 386 623Q385 622 352 492L320 363H375Q378 363 398 363T426 364T448 367T472 374T489 386Q502 398 511 419T524 457T529 475Q532 480 548 480H560Q567 475 567 470Q567 467 536 339T502 207Q500 200 482 200H470Q463 206 463 212Q463 215 468 234T473 274Q473 303 453 310T364 317H309L277 190Q245 66 245 60Q245 46 334 46H359Q365 40 365 39T363 19Q359 6 353 0H336Q295 2 185 2Q120 2 86 2T48 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637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 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YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这跟 Chinchilla Law 给出的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\sim K^{-0.28}"><span data-formula="\sim K^{-0.28}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -833.9 3860.1 833.9" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 8.733ex;height: 1.887ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 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class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=03229dfa&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D19"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt48ts7v5ch" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizctq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">架构篇</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizo9k"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491gu3122e"><span mpa-font-style="mt491gtj1747" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491j26gqi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491j1n10ql"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">接着我们转到模型差距 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="F_{\text{arch}} = L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty) - L(\mathcal{D}|\infty,\infty)"><span data-formula="F_{\text{arch}} = L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\infty) - L(\mathcal{D}|\infty,\infty)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 14311.2 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 32.378ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 669Q749 664 736 557T722 447Q720 440 702 440H690Q683 445 683 453Q683 454 686 477T689 530Q689 560 682 579T663 610T626 626T575 633T503 634H480Q398 633 393 631Q388 629 386 623Q385 622 352 492L320 363H375Q378 363 398 363T426 364T448 367T472 374T489 386Q502 398 511 419T524 457T529 475Q532 480 548 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341T761 397Q740 397 720 392T682 378T648 359T619 335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(12477.5, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(12922.2, 0)"><path data-c="221E" d="M55 217Q55 305 111 373T254 442Q342 442 419 381Q457 350 493 303L507 284L514 294Q618 442 747 442Q833 442 888 374T944 214Q944 128 889 59T743 -11Q657 -11 580 50Q542 81 506 128L492 147L485 137Q381 -11 252 -11Q166 -11 111 57T55 217ZM907 217Q907 285 869 341T761 397Q740 397 720 392T682 378T648 359T619 335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(13922.2, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这是单纯讨论架构 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="\mathcal{A}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{A}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -728 819 778" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.113ex;width: 1.853ex;height: 1.76ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="41" d="M576 668Q576 688 606 708T660 728Q676 728 675 712V571Q675 409 688 252Q696 122 720 57Q722 53 723 50T728 46T732 43T737 41T743 39L754 45Q788 61 803 61Q819 61 819 47Q818 43 814 35Q799 15 755 -7T675 -30Q659 -30 648 -25T630 -8T621 11T614 34Q603 77 599 106T594 146T591 160V163H460L329 164L316 145Q241 35 196 -7T119 -50T59 -24T30 43Q30 75 46 100T74 125Q81 125 83 120T88 104T96 84Q118 57 151 57Q189 57 277 182Q432 400 542 625L559 659H567Q574 659 575 660T576 668ZM584 249Q579 333 577 386T575 473T574 520V581L563 560Q497 426 412 290L372 228L370 224H371L383 228L393 232H586L584 249Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 对损失函数的贡献，经典变量包括参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、宽度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="W"><span data-formula="W"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1048 705" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 2.371ex;height: 1.595ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="57" d="M436 683Q450 683 486 682T553 680Q604 680 638 681T677 682Q695 682 695 674Q695 670 692 659Q687 641 683 639T661 637Q636 636 621 632T600 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normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、深度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="H"><span data-formula="H"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 219 683Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q499 682 499 672Q499 670 497 658Q492 641 487 638H485Q483 638 480 638T473 638T464 637T455 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623Q384 619 355 500Q348 474 340 442T328 395L324 380Q324 378 469 378H614L615 381Q615 384 646 504Q674 619 674 627T617 637Q594 637 587 639T580 648Q580 650 582 660Q586 677 588 679T604 682Q609 682 646 681T740 680Q802 680 835 681T871 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 645 876 638H874Q872 638 869 638T862 638T853 637T844 637Q805 636 794 634T776 623Q773 618 704 340T634 58Q634 51 638 51Q646 48 692 46H723Q729 38 729 37T726 19Q722 6 716 0H701Q664 2 567 2Q533 2 504 2T458 2T437 1Q420 1 420 10Q420 15 423 24Q428 43 433 45Q437 46 448 46H454Q481 46 514 49Q520 50 522 50T528 55T534 64T540 82T547 110T558 153Q565 181 569 198Q602 330 602 331T457 332H312L279 197Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 38 340 37T337 19Q333 6 327 0H312Q275 2 178 2Q144 2 115 2T69 2T48 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 12 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491j1n7vo"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491gu3122e"><span mpa-font-style="mt491gtj1747" style="font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491j26gqi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt491j1n7vo"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时架构变量的引入又会反过来影响优化差距的变化规律，我们尽可能将这些内容都捋一捋。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt48z34is32" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizant"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.1 模型参数</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1j19" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49550x1a1r"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在固定整体架构的前提下，模型的主要变量就是参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 了，假设参数量越大，效果越好，那么可以合理认为：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.17222222222222222" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="100" data-imgfileid="100124771" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1c0c3403&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYN6COnDLyGzoMuRH8ESxoic6lNuY0YbrGibSdVBn9mRcSGYibsAPMXFwkoLeDNNvENCPFdMM9kA2atB6wuehIftwEWQP0wG4viaiajE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D20"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这是 Scaling Law 对参数量最朴素的假设。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">跟 Kaplan Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[1]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、Chinchilla Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[9]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等一致，其中 Kaplan Law 给出的结果是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_4=0.076"><span data-formula="\gamma_4=0.076"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -676 4533.1 892" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 10.256ex;height: 2.018ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 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data-c="36" d="M42 313Q42 476 123 571T303 666Q372 666 402 630T432 550Q432 525 418 510T379 495Q356 495 341 509T326 548Q326 592 373 601Q351 623 311 626Q240 626 194 566Q147 500 147 364L148 360Q153 366 156 373Q197 433 263 433H267Q313 433 348 414Q372 400 396 374T435 317Q456 268 456 210V192Q456 169 451 149Q440 90 387 34T253 -22Q225 -22 199 -14T143 16T92 75T56 172T42 313ZM257 397Q227 397 205 380T171 335T154 278T148 216Q148 133 160 97T198 39Q222 21 251 21Q302 21 329 59Q342 77 347 104T352 209Q352 289 347 316T329 361Q302 397 257 397Z" transform="translate(1778, 0)"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，而 Chinchilla Law 给出的拟合结果是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_4 = 0.34"><span data-formula="\gamma_4 = 0.34"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -677 4033.1 893" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 9.125ex;height: 2.02ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1199.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2255.1, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path><path data-c="2E" d="M78 60Q78 84 95 102T138 120Q162 120 180 104T199 61Q199 36 182 18T139 0T96 17T78 60Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z" transform="translate(778, 0)"></path><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z" transform="translate(1278, 0)"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，目前普遍认为 Chinchilla Law 在训练规模变大时更加准确。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里有个争议点是，参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的统计要不要包含 Embedding，主流做法是不计入，但这在小规模时可能会有较大偏差。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这可能是 Kaplan Law 和 Chinchilla Law 结果差异的原因之一（Kaplan 实验的年代，训练规模普遍不大），论文 2406.12907 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[10]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 对此做了详细的分析。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如何更准确地考虑 Embedding 的贡献，可以参考后面的“记忆之层”一节。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除了把整个架构压缩成一个参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 外，我们可以做得更精细一点，比如，可以分开宽度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, 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631T958 617T939 600T927 584L923 578L754 282Q586 -14 585 -15Q579 -22 561 -22Q546 -22 542 -17Q539 -14 523 229T506 480L494 462Q472 425 366 239Q222 -13 220 -15T215 -19Q210 -22 197 -22Q178 -22 176 -15Q176 -12 154 304T131 622Q129 631 121 633T82 637H58Q51 644 51 648Q52 671 64 683H76Q118 680 176 680Q301 680 313 683H323Q329 677 329 674T327 656Q322 641 318 637H297Q236 634 232 620Q262 160 266 136L501 550L499 587Q496 629 489 632Q483 636 447 637Q428 637 422 639T416 648Q416 650 418 660Q419 664 420 669T421 676T424 680T428 682T436 683Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和深度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="H"><span data-formula="H"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="48" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 219 683Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q499 682 499 672Q499 670 497 658Q492 641 487 638H485Q483 638 480 638T473 638T464 637T455 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623Q384 619 355 500Q348 474 340 442T328 395L324 380Q324 378 469 378H614L615 381Q615 384 646 504Q674 619 674 627T617 637Q594 637 587 639T580 648Q580 650 582 660Q586 677 588 679T604 682Q609 682 646 681T740 680Q802 680 835 681T871 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 645 876 638H874Q872 638 869 638T862 638T853 637T844 637Q805 636 794 634T776 623Q773 618 704 340T634 58Q634 51 638 51Q646 48 692 46H723Q729 38 729 37T726 19Q722 6 716 0H701Q664 2 567 2Q533 2 504 2T458 2T437 1Q420 1 420 10Q420 15 423 24Q428 43 433 45Q437 46 448 46H454Q481 46 514 49Q520 50 522 50T528 55T534 64T540 82T547 110T558 153Q565 181 569 198Q602 330 602 331T457 332H312L279 197Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 38 340 37T337 19Q333 6 327 0H312Q275 2 178 2Q144 2 115 2T69 2T48 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 12 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，研究模型是“高瘦”还是“矮胖”好：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.144" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1000" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="83" data-imgfileid="100124772" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d32b1816&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMhkLytqzuvf8jhOyVe3UAYLeoichk31PLuSVPDX82ia2JEySpNE1vb6ftkAsLkTIRCnaqggPQVUzlCCjPic4403w6QkuHHVPXj2E%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D21"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据模型参数量大致上 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N\sim W^2 H"><span data-formula="N\sim W^2 H"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -833.9 4631.9 855.9" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 10.479ex;height: 1.937ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1165.8, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 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656Q322 641 318 637H297Q236 634 232 620Q262 160 266 136L501 550L499 587Q496 629 489 632Q483 636 447 637Q428 637 422 639T416 648Q416 650 418 660Q419 664 420 669T421 676T424 680T428 682T436 683Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1118.8, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(3743.9, 0)"><path data-c="48" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 219 683Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q499 682 499 672Q499 670 497 658Q492 641 487 638H485Q483 638 480 638T473 638T464 637T455 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623Q384 619 355 500Q348 474 340 442T328 395L324 380Q324 378 469 378H614L615 381Q615 384 646 504Q674 619 674 627T617 637Q594 637 587 639T580 648Q580 650 582 660Q586 677 588 679T604 682Q609 682 646 681T740 680Q802 680 835 681T871 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 645 876 638H874Q872 638 869 638T862 638T853 637T844 637Q805 636 794 634T776 623Q773 618 704 340T634 58Q634 51 638 51Q646 48 692 46H723Q729 38 729 37T726 19Q722 6 716 0H701Q664 2 567 2Q533 2 504 2T458 2T437 1Q420 1 420 10Q420 15 423 24Q428 43 433 45Q437 46 448 46H454Q481 46 514 49Q520 50 522 50T528 55T534 64T540 82T547 110T558 153Q565 181 569 198Q602 330 602 331T457 332H312L279 197Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 38 340 37T337 19Q333 6 327 0H312Q275 2 178 2Q144 2 115 2T69 2T48 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 12 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么就可以在固定参数量下，求出最优宽度、高度以及对应的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{arch}}^*"><span data-formula="F_{\text{arch}}^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 2030.8 982.6" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.658ex;width: 4.595ex;height: 2.223ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msubsup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 669Q749 664 736 557T722 447Q720 440 702 440H690Q683 445 683 453Q683 454 686 477T689 530Q689 560 682 579T663 610T626 626T575 633T503 634H480Q398 633 393 631Q388 629 386 623Q385 622 352 492L320 363H375Q378 363 398 363T426 364T448 367T472 374T489 386Q502 398 511 419T524 457T529 475Q532 480 548 480H560Q567 475 567 470Q567 467 536 339T502 207Q500 200 482 200H470Q463 206 463 212Q463 215 468 234T473 274Q473 303 453 310T364 317H309L277 190Q245 66 245 60Q245 46 334 46H359Q365 40 365 39T363 19Q359 6 353 0H336Q295 2 185 2Q120 2 86 2T48 1Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(820.2, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(643, -283) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mtext"><path data-c="61" d="M137 305T115 305T78 320T63 359Q63 394 97 421T218 448Q291 448 336 416T396 340Q401 326 401 309T402 194V124Q402 76 407 58T428 40Q443 40 448 56T453 109V145H493V106Q492 66 490 59Q481 29 455 12T400 -6T353 12T329 54V58L327 55Q325 52 322 49T314 40T302 29T287 17T269 6T247 -2T221 -8T190 -11Q130 -11 82 20T34 107Q34 128 41 147T68 188T116 225T194 253T304 268H318V290Q318 324 312 340Q290 411 215 411Q197 411 181 410T156 406T148 403Q170 388 170 359Q170 334 154 320ZM126 106Q126 75 150 51T209 26Q247 26 276 49T315 109Q317 116 318 175Q318 233 317 233Q309 233 296 232T251 223T193 203T147 166T126 106Z"></path><path data-c="72" d="M36 46H50Q89 46 97 60V68Q97 77 97 91T98 122T98 161T98 203Q98 234 98 269T98 328L97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 60 434T96 436Q112 437 131 438T160 441T171 442H174V373Q213 441 271 441H277Q322 441 343 419T364 373Q364 352 351 337T313 322Q288 322 276 338T263 372Q263 381 265 388T270 400T273 405Q271 407 250 401Q234 393 226 386Q179 341 179 207V154Q179 141 179 127T179 101T180 81T180 66V61Q181 59 183 57T188 54T193 51T200 49T207 48T216 47T225 47T235 46T245 46H276V0H267Q249 3 140 3Q37 3 28 0H20V46H36Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="63" d="M370 305T349 305T313 320T297 358Q297 381 312 396Q317 401 317 402T307 404Q281 408 258 408Q209 408 178 376Q131 329 131 219Q131 137 162 90Q203 29 272 29Q313 29 338 55T374 117Q376 125 379 127T395 129H409Q415 123 415 120Q415 116 411 104T395 71T366 33T318 2T249 -11Q163 -11 99 53T34 214Q34 318 99 383T250 448T370 421T404 357Q404 334 387 320Z" transform="translate(892, 0)"></path><path data-c="68" d="M41 46H55Q94 46 102 60V68Q102 77 102 91T102 124T102 167T103 217T103 272T103 329Q103 366 103 407T103 482T102 542T102 586T102 603Q99 622 88 628T43 637H25V660Q25 683 27 683L37 684Q47 685 66 686T103 688Q120 689 140 690T170 693T181 694H184V367Q244 442 328 442Q451 442 463 329Q464 322 464 190V104Q464 66 466 59T477 49Q498 46 526 46H542V0H534L510 1Q487 2 460 2T422 3Q319 3 310 0H302V46H318Q379 46 379 62Q380 64 380 200Q379 335 378 343Q372 371 358 385T334 402T308 404Q263 404 229 370Q202 343 195 315T187 232V168V108Q187 78 188 68T191 55T200 49Q221 46 249 46H265V0H257L234 1Q210 2 183 2T145 3Q42 3 33 0H25V46H41Z" transform="translate(1336, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.1361111111111111" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="79" data-imgfileid="100124773" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9353362d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYM2T03ggT6enAzTbOFMWC7jq3lXdUPdXvUpiaSOcOrZtHNk5RcOTkJLial537O4dYkAdyJrTicEHck0YysicmtZBFORmF4ibeico2c9c%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D22"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文 2606.25008 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[11]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 从理论出发（2505.10465</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [12]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2602.05970 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[13]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）提出 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_W=\gamma_H=1"><span data-formula="\gamma_W=\gamma_H=1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 5672.1 882" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 12.833ex;height: 1.995ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="57" d="M436 683Q450 683 486 682T553 680Q604 680 638 681T677 682Q695 682 695 674Q695 670 692 659Q687 641 683 639T661 637Q636 636 621 632T600 624T597 615Q597 603 613 377T629 138L631 141Q633 144 637 151T649 170T666 200T690 241T720 295T759 362Q863 546 877 572T892 604Q892 619 873 628T831 637Q817 637 817 647Q817 650 819 660Q823 676 825 679T839 682Q842 682 856 682T895 682T949 681Q1015 681 1034 683Q1048 683 1048 672Q1048 666 1045 655T1038 640T1028 637Q1006 637 988 631T958 617T939 600T927 584L923 578L754 282Q586 -14 585 -15Q579 -22 561 -22Q546 -22 542 -17Q539 -14 523 229T506 480L494 462Q472 425 366 239Q222 -13 220 -15T215 -19Q210 -22 197 -22Q178 -22 176 -15Q176 -12 154 304T131 622Q129 631 121 633T82 637H58Q51 644 51 648Q52 671 64 683H76Q118 680 176 680Q301 680 313 683H323Q329 677 329 674T327 656Q322 641 318 637H297Q236 634 232 620Q262 160 266 136L501 550L499 587Q496 629 489 632Q483 636 447 637Q428 637 422 639T416 648Q416 650 418 660Q419 664 420 669T421 676T424 680T428 682T436 683Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1586.8, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(2642.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="48" d="M228 637Q194 637 192 641Q191 643 191 649Q191 673 202 682Q204 683 219 683Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q499 682 499 672Q499 670 497 658Q492 641 487 638H485Q483 638 480 638T473 638T464 637T455 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623Q384 619 355 500Q348 474 340 442T328 395L324 380Q324 378 469 378H614L615 381Q615 384 646 504Q674 619 674 627T617 637Q594 637 587 639T580 648Q580 650 582 660Q586 677 588 679T604 682Q609 682 646 681T740 680Q802 680 835 681T871 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 645 876 638H874Q872 638 869 638T862 638T853 637T844 637Q805 636 794 634T776 623Q773 618 704 340T634 58Q634 51 638 51Q646 48 692 46H723Q729 38 729 37T726 19Q722 6 716 0H701Q664 2 567 2Q533 2 504 2T458 2T437 1Q420 1 420 10Q420 15 423 24Q428 43 433 45Q437 46 448 46H454Q481 46 514 49Q520 50 522 50T528 55T534 64T540 82T547 110T558 153Q565 181 569 198Q602 330 602 331T457 332H312L279 197Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 38 340 37T337 19Q333 6 327 0H312Q275 2 178 2Q144 2 115 2T69 2T48 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 12 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(4116.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(5172.1, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，代入得：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14444444444444443" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="83" data-imgfileid="100124774" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=7fcbfa0a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYO8yDSWJektQaA0vE1rYmt8Q06SiaW55ayhzg9lF4YzenbxJpzDa7ibZjXcABLMmdpibibuicFnZvstPDhJPXyAsqkRVMsG5DCqibcP4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D23"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最终的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, 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573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49550xh85"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 跟 Chinchilla Law 还是很接近的。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizvu3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.2 优化规律</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz25d" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49cyoq18oq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时，参数量的变化也会影响优化过程。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49cyoq18oq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在式（10）中，三个系数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><span data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 4020 636" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 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74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 被视为常数，那是在假设给定架构 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, 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249Q579 333 577 386T575 473T574 520V581L563 560Q497 426 412 290L372 228L370 224H371L383 228L393 232H586L584 249Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的前提下，现在我们引入了参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><span data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 4020 636" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 9.095ex;height: 1.439ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g 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294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 自然也是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的函数了。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们同样分两部分来理解：</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一方面，参数量越大，模型能力越强，损失函数下降也越快，所以 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1"><span data-formula="\alpha_1"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 1043.6 592" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;width: 2.361ex;height: 1.339ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 我们换成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1 N^{-\gamma_5}"><span data-formula="\alpha_1 N^{-\gamma_5}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" 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BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一边，参数量越大，模型越复杂，带来的噪声也越大，所以 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><span data-formula="\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 2531.8 636" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 5.728ex;height: 1.439ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g 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BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 我们分别换成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_2 N^{\gamma_6}"><span data-formula="\alpha_2 N^{\gamma_6}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2700.2 833" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;width: 6.109ex;height: 1.885ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1043.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(955, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path 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59Q342 77 347 104T352 209Q352 289 347 316T329 361Q302 397 257 397Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_3 N^{\gamma_7}"><span data-formula="\alpha_3 N^{\gamma_7}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2700.2 848.6" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;width: 6.109ex;height: 1.92ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1043.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 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567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，于是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14444444444444443" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="83" data-imgfileid="100124775" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=036356bf&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMCiaOoCssicmtCHcCJorWhz6Ez1xbQMW1LA4dWc6sEZGlbicJHwbibksHJMCMDQicKxGRv0MbSdx9xjPuG5DNzaE0aOmRiapf3Fje3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D24"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里有一个自然的问题：为什么只考虑 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><span data-formula="\alpha_1,\alpha_2,\alpha_3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 4020 636" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 9.095ex;height: 1.439ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1043.6, 0)"><path data-c="2C" d="M78 35T78 60T94 103T137 121Q165 121 187 96T210 8Q210 -27 201 -60T180 -117T154 -158T130 -185T117 -194Q113 -194 104 -185T95 -172Q95 -168 106 -156T131 -126T157 -76T173 -3V9L172 8Q170 7 167 6T161 3T152 1T140 0Q113 0 96 17Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(1488.2, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 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-apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 随 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的变化，不考虑指数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_1,\gamma_2,\gamma_3"><span data-formula="\gamma_1,\gamma_2,\gamma_3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -441 3654 657" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 8.267ex;height: 1.486ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 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data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 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463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的变化呢？</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这个问题我们放到“幂律篇”讨论。现在重复“优化篇”的计算，我们可以得到：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.2777777777777778" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="160" data-imgfileid="100124776" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0446702d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYN81A6aNzZhLOibnGbTiciaXf0vBD78RvnqhfV7rXiay2Hu7tASEeCt02O7IXX5gjh8yx9vvibJbZNpYxiclLoeGCj0J1assePm3gTib8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D25"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果我们认同 Kaplan Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[1]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、Chinchilla Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[9]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 Step Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[7]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等结果，那么 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*"><span data-formula="B^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1162.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.63ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 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&#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><span data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1714.8 1076" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.869ex;width: 3.88ex;height: 2.434ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msubsup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 669Q749 664 736 557T722 447Q720 440 702 440H690Q683 445 683 453Q683 454 686 477T689 530Q689 560 682 579T663 610T626 626T575 633T503 634H480Q398 633 393 631Q388 629 386 623Q385 622 352 492L320 363H375Q378 363 398 363T426 364T448 367T472 374T489 386Q502 398 511 419T524 457T529 475Q532 480 548 480H560Q567 475 567 470Q567 467 536 339T502 207Q500 200 482 200H470Q463 206 463 212Q463 215 468 234T473 274Q473 303 453 310T364 317H309L277 190Q245 66 245 60Q245 46 334 46H359Q365 40 365 39T363 19Q359 6 353 0H336Q295 2 185 2Q120 2 86 2T48 1Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(820.2, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(643, -247) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mtext"><path data-c="6F" d="M28 214Q28 309 93 378T250 448Q340 448 405 380T471 215Q471 120 407 55T250 -10Q153 -10 91 57T28 214ZM250 30Q372 30 372 193V225V250Q372 272 371 288T364 326T348 362T317 390T268 410Q263 411 252 411Q222 411 195 399Q152 377 139 338T126 246V226Q126 130 145 91Q177 30 250 30Z"></path><path data-c="70" d="M36 -148H50Q89 -148 97 -134V-126Q97 -119 97 -107T97 -77T98 -38T98 6T98 55T98 106Q98 140 98 177T98 243T98 296T97 335T97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 61 434T98 436Q115 437 135 438T165 441T176 442H179V416L180 390L188 397Q247 441 326 441Q407 441 464 377T522 216Q522 115 457 52T310 -11Q242 -11 190 33L182 40V-45V-101Q182 -128 184 -134T195 -145Q216 -148 244 -148H260V-194H252L228 -193Q205 -192 178 -192T140 -191Q37 -191 28 -194H20V-148H36ZM424 218Q424 292 390 347T305 402Q234 402 182 337V98Q222 26 294 26Q345 26 384 80T424 218Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="74" d="M27 422Q80 426 109 478T141 600V615H181V431H316V385H181V241Q182 116 182 100T189 68Q203 29 238 29Q282 29 292 100Q293 108 293 146V181H333V146V134Q333 57 291 17Q264 -10 221 -10Q187 -10 162 2T124 33T105 68T98 100Q97 107 97 248V385H18V422H27Z" transform="translate(1056, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 就跟 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 无关，通过让这两项 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的指数为 0，可以解得：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.16666666666666666" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="900" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="96" data-imgfileid="100124777" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=2e95ca42&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOiavm3SeZDx0fCubicyZItAk5gJJAdckZ6FQfL7F3VXIUklomysHXloPZD0dmCkgWhlbBbvicociblI6LsKqMfJydKduq2UC71HZA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D26"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">代入各式后，发现只新增了一个 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_7"><span data-formula="\gamma_7"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -441 921.6 657" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 2.085ex;height: 1.486ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="37" d="M55 458Q56 460 72 567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 参数：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3453703703703704" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="199" data-imgfileid="100124778" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a0c3806c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPCkJWw9iculV3NSL9qr0GexIVibiaHqiasIFib695tlA9o7hyP0nJTmfKss08fBwl9VMyMANy2DJU7RUSwAZGBE4TEMlibsJ1h9mpCQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D27"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">有趣的是，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^*"><span data-formula="\eta^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 900.6 907.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 2.037ex;height: 2.054ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的形式正好跟 Microsoft Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[8] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一致，即跟 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 都负相关，这并不是平凡的，因为我们只假设了 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*"><span data-formula="B^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1162.6 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363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><span data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1714.8 1076" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.869ex;width: 3.88ex;height: 2.434ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msubsup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 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53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(643, -247) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mtext"><path data-c="6F" d="M28 214Q28 309 93 378T250 448Q340 448 405 380T471 215Q471 120 407 55T250 -10Q153 -10 91 57T28 214ZM250 30Q372 30 372 193V225V250Q372 272 371 288T364 326T348 362T317 390T268 410Q263 411 252 411Q222 411 195 399Q152 377 139 338T126 246V226Q126 130 145 91Q177 30 250 30Z"></path><path data-c="70" d="M36 -148H50Q89 -148 97 -134V-126Q97 -119 97 -107T97 -77T98 -38T98 6T98 55T98 106Q98 140 98 177T98 243T98 296T97 335T97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 61 434T98 436Q115 437 135 438T165 441T176 442H179V416L180 390L188 397Q247 441 326 441Q407 441 464 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leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 跟 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 无关，对 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^*"><span data-formula="\eta^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 900.6 907.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 2.037ex;height: 2.054ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 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YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 并无假设。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最后代入理论值 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><span data-formula="\gamma_1=\gamma_3=1,\gamma_2=1/2"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 9210 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 20.837ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1199.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(2255.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(3454.4, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 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166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(6654.2, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(7710, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(8210, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(8710, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，得：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.12777777777777777" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="74" data-imgfileid="100124779" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d9b6e1c3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMJ39uicxZW4uagT5HV1jSia4wyaa2w34XPVNLPQr8fDT8AB1C4amFicCnic3yQku72Vpokkeqfm8ibUgHCLmD6gDzYgEZPdbYXcjTc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D28"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">至于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_7"><span data-formula="\gamma_7"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -441 921.6 657" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 2.085ex;height: 1.486ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="37" d="M55 458Q56 460 72 567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，Microsoft Law 给出 0.23，Step Law 则给出 0.713，考虑到这两个 Law 对 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的依赖完全相反，所以它们在这个指数上有明显差异是正常的。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">理论大体上更偏向 Microsoft Law 一些，从一些凸优化结果观察，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N^{\gamma_7}"><span data-formula="N^{\gamma_7}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1656.6 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 3.748ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(955, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="37" d="M55 458Q56 460 72 567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 跟全体参数的梯度的标准差有关，所以猜测它在 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="0\sim 0.5"><span data-formula="0\sim 0.5"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -666 3111.6 688" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 7.04ex;height: 1.557ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(777.8, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1833.6, 0)"><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z"></path><path data-c="2E" d="M78 60Q78 84 95 102T138 120Q162 120 180 104T199 61Q199 36 182 18T139 0T96 17T78 60Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="35" d="M164 157Q164 133 148 117T109 101H102Q148 22 224 22Q294 22 326 82Q345 115 345 210Q345 313 318 349Q292 382 260 382H254Q176 382 136 314Q132 307 129 306T114 304Q97 304 95 310Q93 314 93 485V614Q93 664 98 664Q100 666 102 666Q103 666 123 658T178 642T253 634Q324 634 389 662Q397 666 402 666Q410 666 410 648V635Q328 538 205 538Q174 538 149 544L139 546V374Q158 388 169 396T205 412T256 420Q337 420 393 355T449 201Q449 109 385 44T229 -22Q148 -22 99 32T50 154Q50 178 61 192T84 210T107 214Q132 214 148 197T164 157Z" transform="translate(778, 0)"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49cyoq1en6"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 之间，结合 Microsoft Law，我们可以拍一个 1/4。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1zzj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.3 给定算力</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1l3" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49je0rlp2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">综合 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><span data-formula="F_{\text{opt}}^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1714.8 1076" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.869ex;width: 3.88ex;height: 2.434ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msubsup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 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222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(643, -247) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mtext"><path data-c="6F" d="M28 214Q28 309 93 378T250 448Q340 448 405 380T471 215Q471 120 407 55T250 -10Q153 -10 91 57T28 214ZM250 30Q372 30 372 193V225V250Q372 272 371 288T364 326T348 362T317 390T268 410Q263 411 252 411Q222 411 195 399Q152 377 139 338T126 246V226Q126 130 145 91Q177 30 250 30Z"></path><path data-c="70" d="M36 -148H50Q89 -148 97 -134V-126Q97 -119 97 -107T97 -77T98 -38T98 6T98 55T98 106Q98 140 98 177T98 243T98 296T97 335T97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 61 434T98 436Q115 437 135 438T165 441T176 442H179V416L180 390L188 397Q247 441 326 441Q407 441 464 377T522 216Q522 115 457 52T310 -11Q242 -11 190 33L182 40V-45V-101Q182 -128 184 -134T195 -145Q216 -148 244 -148H260V-194H252L228 -193Q205 -192 178 -192T140 -191Q37 -191 28 -194H20V-148H36ZM424 218Q424 292 390 347T305 402Q234 402 182 337V98Q222 26 294 26Q345 26 384 80T424 218Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="74" d="M27 422Q80 426 109 478T141 600V615H181V431H316V385H181V241Q182 116 182 100T189 68Q203 29 238 29Q282 29 292 100Q293 108 293 146V181H333V146V134Q333 57 291 17Q264 -10 221 -10Q187 -10 162 2T124 33T105 68T98 100Q97 107 97 248V385H18V422H27Z" transform="translate(1056, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="F_{\text{arch}}"><span data-formula="F_{\text{arch}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -680 2030.8 837.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 4.595ex;height: 1.895ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="46" d="M48 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q146 66 215 342T285 622Q285 629 281 629Q273 632 228 634H197Q191 640 191 642T193 659Q197 676 203 680H742Q749 676 749 669Q749 664 736 557T722 447Q720 440 702 440H690Q683 445 683 453Q683 454 686 477T689 530Q689 560 682 579T663 610T626 626T575 633T503 634H480Q398 633 393 631Q388 629 386 623Q385 622 352 492L320 363H375Q378 363 398 363T426 364T448 367T472 374T489 386Q502 398 511 419T524 457T529 475Q532 480 548 480H560Q567 475 567 470Q567 467 536 339T502 207Q500 200 482 200H470Q463 206 463 212Q463 215 468 234T473 274Q473 303 453 310T364 317H309L277 190Q245 66 245 60Q245 46 334 46H359Q365 40 365 39T363 19Q359 6 353 0H336Q295 2 185 2Q120 2 86 2T48 1Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(643, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mtext"><path data-c="61" d="M137 305T115 305T78 320T63 359Q63 394 97 421T218 448Q291 448 336 416T396 340Q401 326 401 309T402 194V124Q402 76 407 58T428 40Q443 40 448 56T453 109V145H493V106Q492 66 490 59Q481 29 455 12T400 -6T353 12T329 54V58L327 55Q325 52 322 49T314 40T302 29T287 17T269 6T247 -2T221 -8T190 -11Q130 -11 82 20T34 107Q34 128 41 147T68 188T116 225T194 253T304 268H318V290Q318 324 312 340Q290 411 215 411Q197 411 181 410T156 406T148 403Q170 388 170 359Q170 334 154 320ZM126 106Q126 75 150 51T209 26Q247 26 276 49T315 109Q317 116 318 175Q318 233 317 233Q309 233 296 232T251 223T193 203T147 166T126 106Z"></path><path data-c="72" d="M36 46H50Q89 46 97 60V68Q97 77 97 91T98 122T98 161T98 203Q98 234 98 269T98 328L97 351Q94 370 83 376T38 385H20V408Q20 431 22 431L32 432Q42 433 60 434T96 436Q112 437 131 438T160 441T171 442H174V373Q213 441 271 441H277Q322 441 343 419T364 373Q364 352 351 337T313 322Q288 322 276 338T263 372Q263 381 265 388T270 400T273 405Q271 407 250 401Q234 393 226 386Q179 341 179 207V154Q179 141 179 127T179 101T180 81T180 66V61Q181 59 183 57T188 54T193 51T200 49T207 48T216 47T225 47T235 46T245 46H276V0H267Q249 3 140 3Q37 3 28 0H20V46H36Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path><path data-c="63" d="M370 305T349 305T313 320T297 358Q297 381 312 396Q317 401 317 402T307 404Q281 408 258 408Q209 408 178 376Q131 329 131 219Q131 137 162 90Q203 29 272 29Q313 29 338 55T374 117Q376 125 379 127T395 129H409Q415 123 415 120Q415 116 411 104T395 71T366 33T318 2T249 -11Q163 -11 99 53T34 214Q34 318 99 383T250 448T370 421T404 357Q404 334 387 320Z" transform="translate(892, 0)"></path><path data-c="68" d="M41 46H55Q94 46 102 60V68Q102 77 102 91T102 124T102 167T103 217T103 272T103 329Q103 366 103 407T103 482T102 542T102 586T102 603Q99 622 88 628T43 637H25V660Q25 683 27 683L37 684Q47 685 66 686T103 688Q120 689 140 690T170 693T181 694H184V367Q244 442 328 442Q451 442 463 329Q464 322 464 190V104Q464 66 466 59T477 49Q498 46 526 46H542V0H534L510 1Q487 2 460 2T422 3Q319 3 310 0H302V46H318Q379 46 379 62Q380 64 380 200Q379 335 378 343Q372 371 358 385T334 402T308 404Q263 404 229 370Q202 343 195 315T187 232V168V108Q187 78 188 68T191 55T200 49Q221 46 249 46H265V0H257L234 1Q210 2 183 2T145 3Q42 3 33 0H25V46H41Z" transform="translate(1336, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，我们有：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 24px;margin-top: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15706806282722513" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="955" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="91" data-imgfileid="100124780" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=10712b98&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNYJT4eY7eXT2BHaJ58CproEPYjaI1lxsfbjBSKdtiazXnicVmAzUHSD7jL2xlCPR82OmzHh7pTpL7w1zibTXnWY5JIM9PsPpLiask%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D29"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于稠密模型来说，模型的每一步计算量基本上跟参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 成正比，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 是训练过程中学习过的样本数，它也跟训练的计算量成正比。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所以训练过程消耗的总的计算成本为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="C\sim NK"><span data-formula="C\sim NK"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 3870.6 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 8.757ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 58Q280 24 350 24Q441 24 512 92T606 240Q610 253 612 255T628 257Q648 257 648 248Q648 243 647 239Q618 132 523 55T319 -22Q206 -22 128 53T50 252Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1037.8, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2093.6, 0)"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 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680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，标准架构的比例系数大致是 6，包括 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="2NK"><span data-formula="2NK"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2277 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 5.152ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(500, 0)"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1388, 0)"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的前向传播和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="4NK"><span data-formula="4NK"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2277 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 5.152ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(500, 0)"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1388, 0)"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的反向传播。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在实际训练中，算力通常是有限的，我们希望在固定的算力预算C下实现最大的智能，那么就需要在约束 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="NK \sim C"><span data-formula="NK \sim C"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 3870.6 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 8.757ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(888, 0)"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(2054.8, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(3110.6, 0)"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 58Q280 24 350 24Q441 24 512 92T606 240Q610 253 612 255T628 257Q648 257 648 248Q648 243 647 239Q618 132 523 55T319 -22Q206 -22 128 53T50 252Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 下求最优的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K^*"><span data-formula="K^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1350.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 3.056ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N^*"><span data-formula="N^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1358.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 3.074ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(955, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。把 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K \sim C/N"><span data-formula="K \sim C/N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 4370.6 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 9.888ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1166.8, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2222.6, 0)"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 58Q280 24 350 24Q441 24 512 92T606 240Q610 253 612 255T628 257Q648 257 648 248Q648 243 647 239Q618 132 523 55T319 -22Q206 -22 128 53T50 252Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2982.6, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(3482.6, 0)"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 代入上式（常数因子吸收进系数），得到：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15015015015015015" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="87" data-imgfileid="100124781" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=822741a6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMDKLGHMghia7WdeAdlW1HsAr0iaEAcxLYmdTwW1ZsbgjvVUzvjicjjp7qplJOOvxwRFYxMMaB1391v1DqDEFVjH5ZkNNWYr1d9SY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D30"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这又一次是异幂不等式的形状，直接套用公式，得到：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14074074074074075" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="81" data-imgfileid="100124782" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=51e39790&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPqa0xOZ61JGmOtgEfB9jqaKKe2WP2qFlQUoJHT4zphiaHBqtOp7lVYc4OmU7z3aAoWUJC7DaMXR26rccj0XOkicH6vyQvsQx0Xw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D31"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果代入前面的理论值 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\hat{\gamma}_1=1/4"><span data-formula="\hat{\gamma}_1=1/4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -764 3780.1 1015.4" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.569ex;width: 8.552ex;height: 2.297ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mover"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(40.3, -30)"><path data-c="5E" d="M112 560L249 694L257 686Q387 562 387 560L361 531Q359 532 303 581L250 627L195 580Q182 569 169 557T148 538L140 532Q138 530 125 546L112 560Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(543, -251.4) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1224.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2280.1, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2780.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(3280.1, 0)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_4=1/3"><span data-formula="\gamma_4=1/3"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 3755.1 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 8.496ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1199.3, 0)"><path data-c="3D" d="M56 347Q56 360 70 367H707Q722 359 722 347Q722 336 708 328L390 327H72Q56 332 56 347ZM56 153Q56 168 72 173H708Q722 163 722 153Q722 140 707 133H70Q56 140 56 153Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(2255.1, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2755.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(3255.1, 0)"><path data-c="33" d="M127 463Q100 463 85 480T69 524Q69 579 117 622T233 665Q268 665 277 664Q351 652 390 611T430 522Q430 470 396 421T302 350L299 348Q299 347 308 345T337 336T375 315Q457 262 457 175Q457 96 395 37T238 -22Q158 -22 100 21T42 130Q42 158 60 175T105 193Q133 193 151 175T169 130Q169 119 166 110T159 94T148 82T136 74T126 70T118 67L114 66Q165 21 238 21Q293 21 321 74Q338 107 338 175V195Q338 290 274 322Q259 328 213 329L171 330L168 332Q166 335 166 348Q166 366 174 366Q202 366 232 371Q266 376 294 413T322 525V533Q322 590 287 612Q265 626 240 626Q208 626 181 615T143 592T132 580H135Q138 579 143 578T153 573T165 566T175 555T183 540T186 520Q186 498 172 481T127 463Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，那么：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="91" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124783" data-ratio="0.1580952380952381" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1050" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5a929ae4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNfYdxobS8pkONQmDGQVjbibeaGpQyAVccicEtpyDXhJsiaWHGNCZIz4TiblkFyE8sxsTuZCuUgAhibNw6EIJKRMEfpWYbY13FMDhibQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D32"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">这跟 Chinchilla Law 的核心结论很接近：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最优模型规模与最优数据量应大致等比例扩展（论文的拟合结果是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N^* \sim C^{0.46}, \qquad K^* \sim C^{0.54}"><span data-formula="N^* \sim C^{0.46}, \qquad K^* \sim C^{0.54}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -841.7 12073.4 1035.7" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 27.315ex;height: 2.343ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(955, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 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382 260 382H254Q176 382 136 314Q132 307 129 306T114 304Q97 304 95 310Q93 314 93 485V614Q93 664 98 664Q100 666 102 666Q103 666 123 658T178 642T253 634Q324 634 389 662Q397 666 402 666Q410 666 410 648V635Q328 538 205 538Q174 538 149 544L139 546V374Q158 388 169 396T205 412T256 420Q337 420 393 355T449 201Q449 109 385 44T229 -22Q148 -22 99 32T50 154Q50 178 61 192T84 210T107 214Q132 214 148 197T164 157Z" transform="translate(778, 0)"></path><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z" transform="translate(1278, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最后，将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N^*"><span data-formula="N^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1358.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 3.074ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(955, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K^*"><span data-formula="K^*"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -691.8 1350.6 691.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 3.056ex;height: 1.565ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的表达式代入到上一节的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^*\sim K^{-1/4} N^{-\gamma_7}"><span data-formula="\eta^*\sim K^{-1/4} N^{-\gamma_7}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 7048.7 1109.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 15.947ex;height: 2.51ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1178.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2234.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(1278, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1778, 0)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(4841.9, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 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522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="37" d="M55 458Q56 460 72 567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*\sim K^{1/2}"><span data-formula="B^*\sim K^{1/2}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 4553.8 893.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 10.303ex;height: 2.021ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1440.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2496.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(500, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1000, 0)"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，得到：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="95" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124784" data-ratio="0.16421052631578947" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="950" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9b9f8d49&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMSiaLVjcUib4YmCkfragP6XWLRIy3cEYkjMpz43GKjfPByV3YojT8FspBjqj8xjQ3z9lfIbZdvAwFVhddafkKR4p5SV8ultnKf8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D33"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*\sim C^{2/7}"><span data-formula="B^*\sim C^{2/7}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -893.3 4425.8 915.3" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 10.013ex;height: 2.071ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1440.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2496.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 58Q280 24 350 24Q441 24 512 92T606 240Q610 253 612 255T628 257Q648 257 648 248Q648 243 647 239Q618 132 523 55T319 -22Q206 -22 128 53T50 252Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(819, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="32" d="M109 429Q82 429 66 447T50 491Q50 562 103 614T235 666Q326 666 387 610T449 465Q449 422 429 383T381 315T301 241Q265 210 201 149L142 93L218 92Q375 92 385 97Q392 99 409 186V189H449V186Q448 183 436 95T421 3V0H50V19V31Q50 38 56 46T86 81Q115 113 136 137Q145 147 170 174T204 211T233 244T261 278T284 308T305 340T320 369T333 401T340 431T343 464Q343 527 309 573T212 619Q179 619 154 602T119 569T109 550Q109 549 114 549Q132 549 151 535T170 489Q170 464 154 447T109 429Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(500, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1000, 0)"><path data-c="37" d="M55 458Q56 460 72 567L88 674Q88 676 108 676H128V672Q128 662 143 655T195 646T364 644H485V605L417 512Q408 500 387 472T360 435T339 403T319 367T305 330T292 284T284 230T278 162T275 80Q275 66 275 52T274 28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 倒是跟 DeepSeek Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[14]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="B^*\sim C^{0.3271}"><span data-formula="B^*\sim C^{0.3271}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -841 5329.5 863" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 12.058ex;height: 1.952ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="42" d="M231 637Q204 637 199 638T194 649Q194 676 205 682Q206 683 335 683Q594 683 608 681Q671 671 713 636T756 544Q756 480 698 429T565 360L555 357Q619 348 660 311T702 219Q702 146 630 78T453 1Q446 0 242 0Q42 0 39 2Q35 5 35 10Q35 17 37 24Q42 43 47 45Q51 46 62 46H68Q95 46 128 49Q142 52 147 61Q150 65 219 339T288 628Q288 635 231 637ZM649 544Q649 574 634 600T585 634Q578 636 493 637Q473 637 451 637T416 636H403Q388 635 384 626Q382 622 352 506Q352 503 351 500L320 374H401Q482 374 494 376Q554 386 601 434T649 544ZM595 229Q595 273 572 302T512 336Q506 337 429 337Q311 337 310 336Q310 334 293 263T258 122L240 52Q240 48 252 48T333 46Q422 46 429 47Q491 54 543 105T595 229Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(759, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1440.3, 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28V19Q270 2 255 -10T221 -22Q210 -22 200 -19T179 0T168 40Q168 198 265 368Q285 400 349 489L395 552H302Q128 552 119 546Q113 543 108 522T98 479L95 458V455H55V458Z" transform="translate(1778, 0)"></path><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z" transform="translate(2278, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 相差不多，但 DeepSeek Law 给出 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\eta^*\sim C^{-0.1250}"><span data-formula="\eta^*\sim C^{-0.1250}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -833.9 5617.6 1049.9" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 12.709ex;height: 2.375ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 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201Q449 109 385 44T229 -22Q148 -22 99 32T50 154Q50 178 61 192T84 210T107 214Q132 214 148 197T164 157Z" transform="translate(1778, 0)"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(2278, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，而这里即便代入 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_7=1/4"><span data-formula="\gamma_7=1/4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 3755.1 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 8.496ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 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data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msup"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B7" d="M21 287Q22 290 23 295T28 317T38 348T53 381T73 411T99 433T132 442Q156 442 175 435T205 417T221 395T229 376L231 369Q231 367 232 367L243 378Q304 442 382 442Q436 442 469 415T503 336V326Q503 302 439 53Q381 -182 377 -189Q364 -216 332 -216Q319 -216 310 -208T299 -186Q299 -177 358 57L420 307Q423 322 423 345Q423 404 379 404H374Q288 404 229 303L222 291L189 157Q156 26 151 16Q138 -11 108 -11Q95 -11 87 -5T76 7T74 17Q74 30 114 189T154 366Q154 405 128 405Q107 405 92 377T68 316T57 280Q55 278 41 278H27Q21 284 21 287Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(497, 363) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="2217" d="M229 286Q216 420 216 436Q216 454 240 464Q241 464 245 464T251 465Q263 464 273 456T283 436Q283 419 277 356T270 286L328 328Q384 369 389 372T399 375Q412 375 423 365T435 338Q435 325 425 315Q420 312 357 282T289 250L355 219L425 184Q434 175 434 161Q434 146 425 136T401 125Q393 125 383 131T328 171L270 213Q283 79 283 63Q283 53 276 44T250 35Q231 35 224 44T216 63Q216 80 222 143T229 213L171 171Q115 130 110 127Q106 124 100 124Q87 124 76 134T64 161Q64 166 64 169T67 175T72 181T81 188T94 195T113 204T138 215T170 230T210 250L74 315Q65 324 65 338Q65 353 74 363T98 374Q106 374 116 368T171 328L229 286Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1178.3, 0)"><path data-c="223C" d="M55 166Q55 241 101 304T222 367Q260 367 296 349T362 304T421 252T484 208T554 189Q616 189 655 236T694 338Q694 350 698 358T708 367Q722 367 722 334Q722 260 677 197T562 134H554Q517 134 481 152T414 196T355 248T292 293T223 311Q179 311 145 286Q109 257 96 218T80 156T69 133Q55 133 55 166Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(2234.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 58Q280 24 350 24Q441 24 512 92T606 240Q610 253 612 255T628 257Q648 257 648 248Q648 243 647 239Q618 132 523 55T319 -22Q206 -22 128 53T50 252Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(819, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(778, 0)"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(1278, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(1778, 0)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49je0ra9q"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，还是差得有点远。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49je0ra9q"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这样看来，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">各家的结果在最优批大小上是比较一致的，但最优学习率上分歧比较大，这可能跟具体的优化设置和学习率 Schedule 等比较相关。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizik7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.4 稀疏架构</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz151p" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49ph5f1y9t"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">刚才我们说“计算量大致正比于参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">”，这是在 Dense 模型下成立的，假设模型核心运算是 Linear 层，</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft 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114T318 219Q336 291 336 325Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的输入与 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="b\times c"><span data-formula="b\times c"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 2084.4 705" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 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383L389 278L493 382Q570 459 587 475T609 491Q630 491 630 471Q630 464 620 453T522 355L418 250L522 145Q606 61 618 48T630 29Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1651.4, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的参数相乘，计算量是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="\mathcal{O}(abc)"><span data-formula="\mathcal{O}(abc)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 2965 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 6.708ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4F" d="M308 428Q289 428 289 438Q289 457 318 508T378 593Q417 638 475 671T599 705Q688 705 732 643T777 483Q777 380 733 285T620 123T464 18T293 -22Q188 -22 123 51T58 245Q58 327 87 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textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，参数量是 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="bc"><span data-formula="bc"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 862 705" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 1.95ex;height: 1.595ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="62" d="M73 647Q73 657 77 670T89 683Q90 683 161 688T234 694Q246 694 246 685T212 542Q204 508 195 472T180 418L176 399Q176 396 182 402Q231 442 283 442Q345 442 383 396T422 280Q422 169 343 79T173 -11Q123 -11 82 27T40 150V159Q40 180 48 217T97 414Q147 611 147 623T109 637Q104 637 101 637H96Q86 637 83 637T76 640T73 647ZM336 325V331Q336 405 275 405Q258 405 240 397T207 376T181 352T163 330L157 322L136 236Q114 150 114 114Q114 66 138 42Q154 26 178 26Q211 26 245 58Q270 81 285 114T318 219Q336 291 336 325Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(429, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，大家都正比于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="bc"><span data-formula="bc"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -694 862 705" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.025ex;width: 1.95ex;height: 1.595ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="62" d="M73 647Q73 657 77 670T89 683Q90 683 161 688T234 694Q246 694 246 685T212 542Q204 508 195 472T180 418L176 399Q176 396 182 402Q231 442 283 442Q345 442 383 396T422 280Q422 169 343 79T173 -11Q123 -11 82 27T40 150V159Q40 180 48 217T97 414Q147 611 147 623T109 637Q104 637 101 637H96Q86 637 83 637T76 640T73 647ZM336 325V331Q336 405 275 405Q258 405 240 397T207 376T181 352T163 330L157 322L136 236Q114 150 114 114Q114 66 138 42Q154 26 178 26Q211 26 245 58Q270 81 285 114T318 219Q336 291 336 325Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(429, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，从而参数量即计算量。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但近年来大家也致力于研究参数量和计算量解耦的架构，比如 MoE。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">MoE 自然是目前当之无愧的主流架构了，几乎每一个开源的大型模型都是 MoE，它一个重要的新参数是稀疏度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="S"><span data-formula="S"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 645 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.459ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="53" d="M308 24Q367 24 416 76T466 197Q466 260 414 284Q308 311 278 321T236 341Q176 383 176 462Q176 523 208 573T273 648Q302 673 343 688T407 704H418H425Q521 704 564 640Q565 640 577 653T603 682T623 704Q624 704 627 704T632 705Q645 705 645 698T617 577T585 459T569 456Q549 456 549 465Q549 471 550 475Q550 478 551 494T553 520Q553 554 544 579T526 616T501 641Q465 662 419 662Q362 662 313 616T263 510Q263 480 278 458T319 427Q323 425 389 408T456 390Q490 379 522 342T554 242Q554 216 546 186Q541 164 528 137T492 78T426 18T332 -20Q320 -22 298 -22Q199 -22 144 33L134 44L106 13Q83 -14 78 -18T65 -22Q52 -22 52 -14Q52 -11 110 221Q112 227 130 227H143Q149 221 149 216Q149 214 148 207T144 186T142 153Q144 114 160 87T203 47T255 29T308 24Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，它可以定义为总参数量与激活参数量之比，或者总 Expert 数与激活 Expert 数之比。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">从理论上来看，MoE 理论计算量大致上只取决于激活参数量，也就是说增加稀疏度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="S"><span data-formula="S"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 645 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.459ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="53" d="M308 24Q367 24 416 76T466 197Q466 260 414 284Q308 311 278 321T236 341Q176 383 176 462Q176 523 208 573T273 648Q302 673 343 688T407 704H418H425Q521 704 564 640Q565 640 577 653T603 682T623 704Q624 704 627 704T632 705Q645 705 645 698T617 577T585 459T569 456Q549 456 549 465Q549 471 550 475Q550 478 551 494T553 520Q553 554 544 579T526 616T501 641Q465 662 419 662Q362 662 313 616T263 510Q263 480 278 458T319 427Q323 425 389 408T456 390Q490 379 522 342T554 242Q554 216 546 186Q541 164 528 137T492 78T426 18T332 -20Q320 -22 298 -22Q199 -22 144 33L134 44L106 13Q83 -14 78 -18T65 -22Q52 -22 52 -14Q52 -11 110 221Q112 227 130 227H143Q149 221 149 216Q149 214 148 207T144 186T142 153Q144 114 160 87T203 47T255 29T308 24Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49ph5fywj"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;"> 理论上不增加计算量，但损失可以降，所以增加稀疏度总是划算的。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizxdi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">将稀疏度纳入到 Scaling Law 中的一个简单方案是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gize56"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.16944444444444445" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="98" data-imgfileid="100124785" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=03b354b7&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPDkBD4bicvOWudusskVP1CmnjltjWALibPfEiaVqib7eOlk2yV6xkOz5kd5QKpAAB8lenV5yicM8JqicCGI6OlibzUicKibVVCQYspLaUs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D34"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1jm9" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49tiou21ue"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{act},N_{total}"><span data-formula="N_{act},N_{total}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 4524.4 877" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 10.236ex;height: 1.984ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="61" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q331 441 370 392Q386 422 416 422Q429 422 439 414T449 394Q449 381 412 234T374 68Q374 43 381 35T402 26Q411 27 422 35Q443 55 463 131Q469 151 473 152Q475 153 483 153H487Q506 153 506 144Q506 138 501 117T481 63T449 13Q436 0 417 -8Q409 -10 393 -10Q359 -10 336 5T306 36L300 51Q299 52 296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g 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131Q211 151 215 152Q217 153 225 153H229Q238 153 241 153T246 151T248 144Q247 138 245 128T234 90T214 43T183 6T137 -11Q101 -11 70 11T38 85Q38 97 39 102L104 360Q167 615 167 623Q167 626 166 628T162 632T157 634T149 635T141 636T132 637T122 637Q112 637 109 637T101 638T95 641T94 647Q94 649 96 661Q101 680 107 682T179 688Q194 689 213 690T243 693T254 694Q266 694 266 686Q266 675 193 386T118 83Q118 81 118 75T117 65V59Z"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(4269.8, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(4769.8, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="61" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q331 441 370 392Q386 422 416 422Q429 422 439 414T449 394Q449 381 412 234T374 68Q374 43 381 35T402 26Q411 27 422 35Q443 55 463 131Q469 151 473 152Q475 153 483 153H487Q506 153 506 144Q506 138 501 117T481 63T449 13Q436 0 417 -8Q409 -10 393 -10Q359 -10 336 5T306 36L300 51Q299 52 296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(529, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(962, 0)"><path data-c="74" d="M26 385Q19 392 19 395Q19 399 22 411T27 425Q29 430 36 430T87 431H140L159 511Q162 522 166 540T173 566T179 586T187 603T197 615T211 624T229 626Q247 625 254 615T261 596Q261 589 252 549T232 470L222 433Q222 431 272 431H323Q330 424 330 420Q330 398 317 385H210L174 240Q135 80 135 68Q135 26 162 26Q197 26 230 60T283 144Q285 150 288 151T303 153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，相似的形式也出现在 2501.12370 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[15]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果从式（16）看，这相当于同样假设 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="S"><span data-formula="S"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 645 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.459ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="53" d="M308 24Q367 24 416 76T466 197Q466 260 414 284Q308 311 278 321T236 341Q176 383 176 462Q176 523 208 573T273 648Q302 673 343 688T407 704H418H425Q521 704 564 640Q565 640 577 653T603 682T623 704Q624 704 627 704T632 705Q645 705 645 698T617 577T585 459T569 456Q549 456 549 465Q549 471 550 475Q550 478 551 494T553 520Q553 554 544 579T526 616T501 641Q465 662 419 662Q362 662 313 616T263 510Q263 480 278 458T319 427Q323 425 389 408T456 390Q490 379 522 342T554 242Q554 216 546 186Q541 164 528 137T492 78T426 18T332 -20Q320 -22 298 -22Q199 -22 144 33L134 44L106 13Q83 -14 78 -18T65 -22Q52 -22 52 -14Q52 -11 110 221Q112 227 130 227H143Q149 221 149 216Q149 214 148 207T144 186T142 153Q144 114 160 87T203 47T255 29T308 24Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 只以幂律的方式影响系数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_4"><span data-formula="\alpha_4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -442 1043.6 592" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.339ex;width: 2.361ex;height: 1.339ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，但不影响指数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\gamma_4"><span data-formula="\gamma_4"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -441 921.6 657" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.489ex;width: 2.085ex;height: 1.486ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mn" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)"><path data-c="34" d="M462 0Q444 3 333 3Q217 3 199 0H190V46H221Q241 46 248 46T265 48T279 53T286 61Q287 63 287 115V165H28V211L179 442Q332 674 334 675Q336 677 355 677H373L379 671V211H471V165H379V114Q379 73 379 66T385 54Q393 47 442 46H471V0H462ZM293 211V545L74 212L183 211H293Z"></path></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。从上式中，我们还能导出“等效参数量”的概念：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14074074074074075" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="81" data-imgfileid="100124786" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=133baf12&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPRQ0xVZYXAvoWe4IY1qZiaa1a8tfxHuGzYP2gibiaLAnSFKzf0VL09qhmu0pOtzMtzibmbL1l138Qt6AgzACgIZU8PBTvQCs03knA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D35"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">即激活参数量为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{act}"><span data-formula="N_{act}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1788.5 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 4.046ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="61" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q331 441 370 392Q386 422 416 422Q429 422 439 414T449 394Q449 381 412 234T374 68Q374 43 381 35T402 26Q411 27 422 35Q443 55 463 131Q469 151 473 152Q475 153 483 153H487Q506 153 506 144Q506 138 501 117T481 63T449 13Q436 0 417 -8Q409 -10 393 -10Q359 -10 336 5T306 36L300 51Q299 52 296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(529, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(962, 0)"><path data-c="74" d="M26 385Q19 392 19 395Q19 399 22 411T27 425Q29 430 36 430T87 431H140L159 511Q162 522 166 540T173 566T179 586T187 603T197 615T211 624T229 626Q247 625 254 615T261 596Q261 589 252 549T232 470L222 433Q222 431 272 431H323Q330 424 330 420Q330 398 317 385H210L174 240Q135 80 135 68Q135 26 162 26Q197 26 230 60T283 144Q285 150 288 151T303 153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、总参数量为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{total}"><span data-formula="N_{total}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2291.3 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 5.184ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 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30.1)"><path data-c="221A" d="M95 178Q89 178 81 186T72 200T103 230T169 280T207 309Q209 311 212 311H213Q219 311 227 294T281 177Q300 134 312 108L397 -77Q398 -77 501 136T707 565T814 786Q820 800 834 800Q841 800 846 794T853 782V776L620 293L385 -193Q381 -200 366 -200Q357 -200 354 -197Q352 -195 256 15L160 225L144 214Q129 202 113 190T95 178Z"></path></g><rect width="4079.8" height="60" x="853" y="770.1"></rect></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（参考 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[16]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">该概念可追溯自 2202.01169 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[17]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 提出的 Effective Parameter Count，后来 Ling Law </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[18]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 将它进一步拓展成“效率杠杆”，并探究了其变化规律。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，计算量只正比于激活参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{act}"><span data-formula="N_{act}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1788.5 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 4.046ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g 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leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这意味着我们可以让 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{eff}"><span data-formula="N_{eff}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1960.3 978" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.667ex;width: 4.435ex;height: 2.213ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="65" d="M39 168Q39 225 58 272T107 350T174 402T244 433T307 442H310Q355 442 388 420T421 355Q421 265 310 237Q261 224 176 223Q139 223 138 221Q138 219 132 186T125 128Q125 81 146 54T209 26T302 45T394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 82T390 55T344 24T281 -1T205 -11Q126 -11 83 42T39 168ZM373 353Q367 405 305 405Q272 405 244 391T199 357T170 316T154 280T149 261Q149 260 169 260Q282 260 327 284T373 353Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(466, 0)"><path data-c="66" d="M118 -162Q120 -162 124 -164T135 -167T147 -168Q160 -168 171 -155T187 -126Q197 -99 221 27T267 267T289 382V385H242Q195 385 192 387Q188 390 188 397L195 425Q197 430 203 430T250 431Q298 431 298 432Q298 434 307 482T319 540Q356 705 465 705Q502 703 526 683T550 630Q550 594 529 578T487 561Q443 561 443 603Q443 622 454 636T478 657L487 662Q471 668 457 668Q445 668 434 658T419 630Q412 601 403 552T387 469T380 433Q380 431 435 431Q480 431 487 430T498 424Q499 420 496 407T491 391Q489 386 482 386T428 385H372L349 263Q301 15 282 -47Q255 -132 212 -173Q175 -205 139 -205Q107 -205 81 -186T55 -132Q55 -95 76 -78T118 -61Q162 -61 162 -103Q162 -122 151 -136T127 -157L118 -162Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1016, 0)"><path data-c="66" d="M118 -162Q120 -162 124 -164T135 -167T147 -168Q160 -168 171 -155T187 -126Q197 -99 221 27T267 267T289 382V385H242Q195 385 192 387Q188 390 188 397L195 425Q197 430 203 430T250 431Q298 431 298 432Q298 434 307 482T319 540Q356 705 465 705Q502 703 526 683T550 630Q550 594 529 578T487 561Q443 561 443 603Q443 622 454 636T478 657L487 662Q471 668 457 668Q445 668 434 658T419 630Q412 601 403 552T387 469T380 433Q380 431 435 431Q480 431 487 430T498 424Q499 420 496 407T491 391Q489 386 482 386T428 385H372L349 263Q301 15 282 -47Q255 -132 212 -173Q175 -205 139 -205Q107 -205 81 -186T55 -132Q55 -95 76 -78T118 -61Q162 -61 162 -103Q162 -122 151 -136T127 -157L118 -162Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 不变的同时让 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{act}\to 0"><span data-formula="N_{act}\to 0"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 3844.1 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 8.697ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(803, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="61" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q331 441 370 392Q386 422 416 422Q429 422 439 414T449 394Q449 381 412 234T374 68Q374 43 381 35T402 26Q411 27 422 35Q443 55 463 131Q469 151 473 152Q475 153 483 153H487Q506 153 506 144Q506 138 501 117T481 63T449 13Q436 0 417 -8Q409 -10 393 -10Q359 -10 336 5T306 36L300 51Q299 52 296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(529, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(962, 0)"><path data-c="74" d="M26 385Q19 392 19 395Q19 399 22 411T27 425Q29 430 36 430T87 431H140L159 511Q162 522 166 540T173 566T179 586T187 603T197 615T211 624T229 626Q247 625 254 615T261 596Q261 589 252 549T232 470L222 433Q222 431 272 431H323Q330 424 330 420Q330 398 317 385H210L174 240Q135 80 135 68Q135 26 162 26Q197 26 230 60T283 144Q285 150 288 151T303 153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 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-apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，换言之将计算量降到近乎零但效果不变，但这看起来不大现实。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因此，合理猜测 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, 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&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 应当多一项关于 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N_{act}"><span data-formula="N_{act}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1788.5 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 4.046ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 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296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(529, 0)"><path data-c="63" d="M34 159Q34 268 120 355T306 442Q362 442 394 418T427 355Q427 326 408 306T360 285Q341 285 330 295T319 325T330 359T352 380T366 386H367Q367 388 361 392T340 400T306 404Q276 404 249 390Q228 381 206 359Q162 315 142 235T121 119Q121 73 147 50Q169 26 205 26H209Q321 26 394 111Q403 121 406 121Q410 121 419 112T429 98T420 83T391 55T346 25T282 0T202 -11Q127 -11 81 37T34 159Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(962, 0)"><path data-c="74" d="M26 385Q19 392 19 395Q19 399 22 411T27 425Q29 430 36 430T87 431H140L159 511Q162 522 166 540T173 566T179 586T187 603T197 615T211 624T229 626Q247 625 254 615T261 596Q261 589 252 549T232 470L222 433Q222 431 272 431H323Q330 424 330 420Q330 398 317 385H210L174 240Q135 80 135 68Q135 26 162 26Q197 26 230 60T283 144Q285 150 288 151T303 153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49tiouh88"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的惩罚项，来保证一定的激活参数：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.16816816816816818" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="97" data-imgfileid="100124788" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3d6be853&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOaBzibF2xgD1ZASxia0JZfggkzflficHoNgRt6RLqtgaoRco47uicyeLxicAyU5miaNCny0BgXLkdFHAibRwib6rUeyJXudCARErNyH4M%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D36"/></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizvcd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">建模稀疏度的工作还包括 2309.08520 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[19]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2501.12370 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[15]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2502.05172 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[20] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等，它们所设的 Scaling Law 形式各不相同。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizvcd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除稀疏度外，Expert的颗粒度（由 2402.07871 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[21]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 首次建模）、Shared Expert 对效果也有一定影响，2509.23678 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[22]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 将这些因素都糅合成了一个非常庞大的形式来实验拟合。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1mpn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当然，“任意增加稀疏度都划算”仅仅是理论上的，实践中还要考虑路由开销、推理效率等问题，增加稀疏度并不是完全免费的，需要算法和 Infra 的共同设计。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1f9x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.5 记忆之层</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz171m"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除了 MoE 外，解耦参数量和计算量的途径还包括稀疏型的 Memory 层，经典的比如 PKM </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[23]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、UltraMem </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[24]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等，而新兴起的比如 Over-Encoding </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[25]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、Engram </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[26] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等都可以归入此类。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizavt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">事实上，这类工作也可以看成是 MoE 的另一个极端：它们的 “Expert” 简化为没有任何计算的可训练向量，然后基于可训练 Router（Pointer）或 N-gram Hash 来选出要激活的 “Expert”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizavt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从这个角度看，它们的 Scaling Law 应该跟 MoE 类似，比如一个 Dense 模型配上若干 Memory 层后，Scaling Law 应该同样呈现式（37）的样子。</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1351"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49ypqr1k0f"><span mpa-font-style="mt49ypq0h2q" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49yrik1dyv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49yrhtsak"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果 MoE 和 Memory 这两类不同的稀疏型设计同时使用，那么 Scaling Law 应该长什么样呢？</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49ypqr1k0f"><span mpa-font-style="mt49ypq0h2q" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49yrik1dyv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49yrhtsak"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们先定义几个记号 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N_{act}, N_{moe}, N_{mem}, N_{total}"><span data-formula="N_{act}, N_{moe}, N_{mem}, N_{total}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 9984.2 877" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.439ex;width: 22.589ex;height: 1.984ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 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65V59Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt49yrht20v9"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，分别代表“激活参数量（只统计产生计算量的参数，即 Dense 部分加激活 Expert）”、“去掉 Memory 后的总参数量”、“去掉未激活 Expert 之后的总参数量”、“总参数量”，它们成立恒等式：</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15789473684210525" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="950" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="91" data-imgfileid="100124789" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d3a4c2ed&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYO2spbtSWzk6AMaEk2US92xlvdDzkQd0jX8hkntMicPHKoOBL2VA7YukaYVsuw3Z6KWZiaSqe4sJKSFM3SZqqO2zDiaLIacDJTreY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D37"/></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizfbw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果猜测 MoE 和 Memory 的作用是互补的，那么它们的 Scaling Law 可能是加性的，即：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz253q"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14351851851851852" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="83" data-imgfileid="100124790" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d1e6e0c8&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYN8xYtpWVsdibuSKwTkfibhj9o5qrial6B0Q71YQ7SJbaUug4CGXEjyHg0dXChboymlDIr7c92SQV0ePFOzXYlgzwllT8Sk9QN3BA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D38"/></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizsoq"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a08al232j"><span mpa-font-style="mt4a089s55d" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a09kjxou"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a09jn1kvn"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这里还引申出一个新的优化问题：如果我们必须固定激活参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N_{act}"><span data-formula="N_{act}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1788.5 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 4.046ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 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153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（计算瓶颈）和总参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N_{total}"><span data-formula="N_{total}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 2291.3 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 5.184ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 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145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(361, 0)"><path data-c="6F" d="M201 -11Q126 -11 80 38T34 156Q34 221 64 279T146 380Q222 441 301 441Q333 441 341 440Q354 437 367 433T402 417T438 387T464 338T476 268Q476 161 390 75T201 -11ZM121 120Q121 70 147 48T206 26Q250 26 289 58T351 142Q360 163 374 216T388 308Q388 352 370 375Q346 405 306 405Q243 405 195 347Q158 303 140 230T121 120Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(846, 0)"><path data-c="74" d="M26 385Q19 392 19 395Q19 399 22 411T27 425Q29 430 36 430T87 431H140L159 511Q162 522 166 540T173 566T179 586T187 603T197 615T211 624T229 626Q247 625 254 615T261 596Q261 589 252 549T232 470L222 433Q222 431 272 431H323Q330 424 330 420Q330 398 317 385H210L174 240Q135 80 135 68Q135 26 162 26Q197 26 230 60T283 144Q285 150 288 151T303 153H307Q322 153 322 145Q322 142 319 133Q314 117 301 95T267 48T216 6T155 -11Q125 -11 98 4T59 56Q57 64 57 83V101L92 241Q127 382 128 383Q128 385 77 385H26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1207, 0)"><path data-c="61" d="M33 157Q33 258 109 349T280 441Q331 441 370 392Q386 422 416 422Q429 422 439 414T449 394Q449 381 412 234T374 68Q374 43 381 35T402 26Q411 27 422 35Q443 55 463 131Q469 151 473 152Q475 153 483 153H487Q506 153 506 144Q506 138 501 117T481 63T449 13Q436 0 417 -8Q409 -10 393 -10Q359 -10 336 5T306 36L300 51Q299 52 296 50Q294 48 292 46Q233 -10 172 -10Q117 -10 75 30T33 157ZM351 328Q351 334 346 350T323 385T277 405Q242 405 210 374T160 293Q131 214 119 129Q119 126 119 118T118 106Q118 61 136 44T179 26Q217 26 254 59T298 110Q300 114 325 217T351 328Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1736, 0)"><path data-c="6C" d="M117 59Q117 26 142 26Q179 26 205 131Q211 151 215 152Q217 153 225 153H229Q238 153 241 153T246 151T248 144Q247 138 245 128T234 90T214 43T183 6T137 -11Q101 -11 70 11T38 85Q38 97 39 102L104 360Q167 615 167 623Q167 626 166 628T162 632T157 634T149 635T141 636T132 637T122 637Q112 637 109 637T101 638T95 641T94 647Q94 649 96 661Q101 680 107 682T179 688Q194 689 213 690T243 693T254 694Q266 694 266 686Q266 675 193 386T118 83Q118 81 118 75T117 65V59Z"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">（内存瓶颈），那么该如何分配 MoE 和 Memory 的参数呢？</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a08al232j"><span mpa-font-style="mt4a089s55d" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a09kjxou"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据恒等式（38），此时 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N_{moe} + N_{mem}"><span data-formula="N_{moe} + N_{mem}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 5792.9 840.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.357ex;width: 13.106ex;height: 1.902ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 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transform="translate(9754.1, 0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4a09jnexd"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，代入到上式后，问题就变成了“最优配比率”一节介绍的和约束最小化问题，可以数值求解出来。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1eqi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是说，并不是将全部参数都分配到 MoE 或 Memory 最好，而是存在一个最优配比，这跟 Engram </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[26] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的发现类似。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizn54"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.6 小结一下</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1tlk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">跟优化篇类似，本篇也是先根据经验作出幂律假设，然后主要使用异幂不等式进行优化计算。</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizfvo"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa3e31z2e" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 32px;"><span mpa-font-style="mt4aa3db1rt8" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa47623qo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa46c9ex"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">量化模型的最简单变量是总参数量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，更细致一点则可以分别考虑宽度 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="W"><span data-formula="W"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 1048 705" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 2.371ex;height: 1.595ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="57" d="M436 683Q450 683 486 682T553 680Q604 680 638 681T677 682Q695 682 695 674Q695 670 692 659Q687 641 683 639T661 637Q636 636 621 632T600 624T597 615Q597 603 613 377T629 138L631 141Q633 144 637 151T649 170T666 200T690 241T720 295T759 362Q863 546 877 572T892 604Q892 619 873 628T831 637Q817 637 817 647Q817 650 819 660Q823 676 825 679T839 682Q842 682 856 682T895 682T949 681Q1015 681 1034 683Q1048 683 1048 672Q1048 666 1045 655T1038 640T1028 637Q1006 637 988 631T958 617T939 600T927 584L923 578L754 282Q586 -14 585 -15Q579 -22 561 -22Q546 -22 542 -17Q539 -14 523 229T506 480L494 462Q472 425 366 239Q222 -13 220 -15T215 -19Q210 -22 197 -22Q178 -22 176 -15Q176 -12 154 304T131 622Q129 631 121 633T82 637H58Q51 644 51 648Q52 671 64 683H76Q118 680 176 680Q301 680 313 683H323Q329 677 329 674T327 656Q322 641 318 637H297Q236 634 232 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641 487 638H485Q483 638 480 638T473 638T464 637T455 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623Q384 619 355 500Q348 474 340 442T328 395L324 380Q324 378 469 378H614L615 381Q615 384 646 504Q674 619 674 627T617 637Q594 637 587 639T580 648Q580 650 582 660Q586 677 588 679T604 682Q609 682 646 681T740 680Q802 680 835 681T871 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 645 876 638H874Q872 638 869 638T862 638T853 637T844 637Q805 636 794 634T776 623Q773 618 704 340T634 58Q634 51 638 51Q646 48 692 46H723Q729 38 729 37T726 19Q722 6 716 0H701Q664 2 567 2Q533 2 504 2T458 2T437 1Q420 1 420 10Q420 15 423 24Q428 43 433 45Q437 46 448 46H454Q481 46 514 49Q520 50 522 50T528 55T534 64T540 82T547 110T558 153Q565 181 569 198Q602 330 602 331T457 332H312L279 197Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 38 340 37T337 19Q333 6 327 0H312Q275 2 178 2Q144 2 115 2T69 2T48 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 12 34 24Q39 43 44 45Q48 46 59 46H65Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Q285 635 228 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa3e31z2e" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 32px;"><span mpa-font-style="mt4aa3db1rt8" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa47623qo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">模型的变化，也会引起优化误差的变化，所以我们也简单讨论了各个优化参数与参数量的联合作用。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa3e31z2e" style="line-height: 1.75em;margin-bottom: 32px;"><span mpa-font-style="mt4aa3db1rt8" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aa47623qo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 Dense 模型的假设下，参数量本身也代表着计算量，而优化器的训练步数 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="T"><span data-formula="T"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -677 704 677" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.593ex;height: 1.532ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="54" d="M40 437Q21 437 21 445Q21 450 37 501T71 602L88 651Q93 669 101 677H569H659Q691 677 697 676T704 667Q704 661 687 553T668 444Q668 437 649 437Q640 437 637 437T631 442L629 445Q629 451 635 490T641 551Q641 586 628 604T573 629Q568 630 515 631Q469 631 457 630T439 622Q438 621 368 343T298 60Q298 48 386 46Q418 46 427 45T436 36Q436 31 433 22Q429 4 424 1L422 0Q419 0 415 0Q410 0 363 1T228 2Q99 2 64 0H49Q43 6 43 9T45 27Q49 40 55 46H83H94Q174 46 189 55Q190 56 191 56Q196 59 201 76T241 233Q258 301 269 344Q339 619 339 625Q339 630 310 630H279Q212 630 191 624Q146 614 121 583T67 467Q60 445 57 441T43 437H40Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和批大小 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="B"><span data-formula="B"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 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0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 也跟计算量正相关，那么我们还可以探究在固定总预算 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="C"><span data-formula="C"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 760 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.719ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="43" d="M50 252Q50 367 117 473T286 641T490 704Q580 704 633 653Q642 643 648 636T656 626L657 623Q660 623 684 649Q691 655 699 663T715 679T725 690L740 705H746Q760 705 760 698Q760 694 728 561Q692 422 692 421Q690 416 687 415T669 413H653Q647 419 647 422Q647 423 648 429T650 449T651 481Q651 552 619 605T510 659Q484 659 454 652T382 628T299 572T226 479Q194 422 175 346T156 222Q156 108 232 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rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果进一步细化，模型架构的变量就更多了，比如 MoE 架构会有“激活参数”和“总参数”的区别。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1oti"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">诸如 Engram 等 Memory 设计也类似，而当它们一起出现时，又会出现参数的最优分配问题，诸如 MHC</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [27]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、AttnRes</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [28]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 等残差改进我们也还没提及，等等。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1oti"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">总之，模型这一块能考虑的变量非常之多，这里就只能简单带过了。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizhs5"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c9658a4d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D39"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt4a1wi21juj" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1cxg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">数据篇</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz12nu" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4adtc11pcy"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最后我们转到数据差距 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="F_{\text{data}} = L(\mathcal{E}|\mathcal{D},\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O}) - L(\mathcal{D}|\mathcal{A},\mathcal{O})"><span 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15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">根据定义，这一项需要我们关注在理想分布 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 15px;" data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><span data-formula="\mathcal{E}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -705 564 727" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.05ex;width: 1.276ex;height: 1.645ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" 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YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 上的效果，但我们又说理想分布理论上是不可触达的，既然如此，那该怎么测量呢？</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">事实上，也没有什么好办法，我们只能选一个没有训练过的、我们认为足够有代表性的数据集作为测试集，以它算出来的测试损失作为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft 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0)"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4adtc1bh8"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的近似。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4adtc1bh8"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">所以，跟 benchmark 类似，测试集的建设也尤为重要，它代表着我们对理想目标的理解和描述的准确程度。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt4ab1oa1pm2" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz20rp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5.1 数据大小</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1zwj" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4ao90w16pp"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">数据核心超参数是训练集的大小 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 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0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 就是平均每个样本被训练的次数。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是训练的 Epoch 数，我们认为 Multi-Epoch 越严重，泛化性能越差，所以贡献一项 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_{10} (K/D)^{\gamma_{10}}"><span data-formula="\alpha_{10} (K/D)^{\gamma_{10}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 5343.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 12.09ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 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239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，于是一个基本形式是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15015015015015015" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="87" data-imgfileid="100124791" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e48c522a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOfRyNZ3c6ODmUIOPqCX1ia7Nh0CoAM8H3fcHjtUky0De9WWmLFwG1kyiaeY3yK21ibPoPLH7Hl1wJJnXg8edR9F9t4ucLVLJyUP4%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D40"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">大多数 Scaling Law 工作，都是在 Single-Epoch 假设下，将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 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YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最近的论文《Prescriptive Scaling Laws for Data Constrained Training》</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[29]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 中也引入了类似的幂律，但将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K/D"><span data-formula="K/D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 2217 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 5.016ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(889, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1389, 0)"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 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aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(889, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1389, 0)"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 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63);">，并同时考虑了模型参数量的影响。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">大致上认为模型参数量越大，越容易过拟合，所以越不应该 Multi-Epoch 训练，因此让 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_{10}"><span data-formula="\alpha_{10}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" 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573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 跟 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">正相关，这些改动我们也可以按需调整。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一方面，《Scaling Data-Constrained Language Models》</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[30] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">等文章，则通过引入“价值衰减”的概念，将 Multi-Epoch 后的数据量折算成“有效数据量”，从而修正 Scaling Law。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但笔者感觉没有区分 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 才需要这一项，我们已经区分了 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 和 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4ao90wnxy"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，只需要直接对 Multi-Epoch 带来的过拟合风险进行惩罚。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz119e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5.2 最优轮数</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1m4w" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aqszyda2"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">把优化误差与数据误差合在一起（固定 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="N"><span data-formula="N"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 888 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.009ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4E" d="M234 637Q231 637 226 637Q201 637 196 638T191 649Q191 676 202 682Q204 683 299 683Q376 683 387 683T401 677Q612 181 616 168L670 381Q723 592 723 606Q723 633 659 637Q635 637 635 648Q635 650 637 660Q641 676 643 679T653 683Q656 683 684 682T767 680Q817 680 843 681T873 682Q888 682 888 672Q888 650 880 642Q878 637 858 637Q787 633 769 597L620 7Q618 0 599 0Q585 0 582 2Q579 5 453 305L326 604L261 344Q196 88 196 79Q201 46 268 46H278Q284 41 284 38T282 19Q278 6 272 0H259Q228 2 151 2Q123 2 100 2T63 2T46 1Q31 1 31 10Q31 14 34 26T39 40Q41 46 62 46Q130 49 150 85Q154 91 221 362L289 634Q287 635 234 637Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，并假设总在最优超参数下训练），结果是：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.15515515515515516" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="999" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="90" data-imgfileid="100124792" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a596e7dd&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOdRKDN6VJMghhdWJnJDEecVz1ZcWSgFqGWribAwkFoukmNpEYjReic4s2fBcIvLuTQpor4yicRichnTMPN8tI0INw9wSdXoicBNO1E%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D41"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这可以清晰看出：训得越多，优化误差越小，但数据重复越严重、泛化误差越大。于是再次根据异幂不等式，可以求得 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="K"><span data-formula="K"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 889 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 2.011ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 的最优值：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="107" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124793" data-ratio="0.18518518518518517" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=abf2e61f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP7pNaPUB11PyFraJ5oM7fz4jxR5SXiblv8DXaCKU9D6KKqrKgbict7A0tnLSeExmpj7Nyob6wZGicbOfibh0AJSpQQHNWNgtPZiaUQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D42"/></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这提供了关于 Multi-Epoch 的缩放规律，结论是：数据越少，反而应该训更多轮；数据越多，最优 Epoch 数越小，结论跟 2511.13421 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[31] </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">正好相反。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个可能的改进方案是将 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_{10} (K/D)^{\gamma_{10}}"><span data-formula="\alpha_{10} (K/D)^{\gamma_{10}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -750 5343.7 1000" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 12.09ex;height: 2.262ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1397.1, 0)"><path data-c="28" d="M94 250Q94 319 104 381T127 488T164 576T202 643T244 695T277 729T302 750H315H319Q333 750 333 741Q333 738 316 720T275 667T226 581T184 443T167 250T184 58T225 -81T274 -167T316 -220T333 -241Q333 -250 318 -250H315H302L274 -226Q180 -141 137 -14T94 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(1786.1, 0)"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" data-mjx-texclass="ORD" transform="translate(2675.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2F" d="M423 750Q432 750 438 744T444 730Q444 725 271 248T92 -240Q85 -250 75 -250Q68 -250 62 -245T56 -231Q56 -221 230 257T407 740Q411 750 423 750Z"></path></g></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(3175.1, 0)"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(4003.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="29" d="M60 749L64 750Q69 750 74 750H86L114 726Q208 641 251 514T294 250Q294 182 284 119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(389, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 一般化为 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="\alpha_{10} K^{\gamma_{10}} D^{-\gamma_{11}}"><span data-formula="\alpha_{10} K^{\gamma_{10}} D^{-\gamma_{11}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 5625.5 940.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;width: 12.727ex;height: 2.129ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 255 396 290Q382 405 304 405Q235 405 183 332Q156 292 139 224T121 120Q121 71 146 49T208 26Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(640, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(1397.1, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="4B" d="M285 628Q285 635 228 637Q205 637 198 638T191 647Q191 649 193 661Q199 681 203 682Q205 683 214 683H219Q260 681 355 681Q389 681 418 681T463 682T483 682Q500 682 500 674Q500 669 497 660Q496 658 496 654T495 648T493 644T490 641T486 639T479 638T470 637T456 637Q416 636 405 634T387 623L306 305Q307 305 490 449T678 597Q692 611 692 620Q692 635 667 637Q651 637 651 648Q651 650 654 662T659 677Q662 682 676 682Q680 682 711 681T791 680Q814 680 839 681T869 682Q889 682 889 672Q889 650 881 642Q878 637 862 637Q787 632 726 586Q710 576 656 534T556 455L509 418L518 396Q527 374 546 329T581 244Q656 67 661 61Q663 59 666 57Q680 47 717 46H738Q744 38 744 37T741 19Q737 6 731 0H720Q680 3 625 3Q503 3 488 0H478Q472 6 472 9T474 27Q478 40 480 43T491 46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(947, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="30" d="M96 585Q152 666 249 666Q297 666 345 640T423 548Q460 465 460 320Q460 165 417 83Q397 41 362 16T301 -15T250 -22Q224 -22 198 -16T137 16T82 83Q39 165 39 320Q39 494 96 585ZM321 597Q291 629 250 629Q208 629 178 597Q153 571 145 525T137 333Q137 175 145 125T181 46Q209 16 250 16Q290 16 318 46Q347 76 354 130T362 333Q362 478 354 524T321 597Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g><g data-mml-node="msup" transform="translate(3295.7, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(828, 363) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mo"><path data-c="2212" d="M84 237T84 250T98 270H679Q694 262 694 250T679 230H98Q84 237 84 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="msub" transform="translate(778, 0)"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B3" d="M31 249Q11 249 11 258Q11 275 26 304T66 365T129 418T206 441Q233 441 239 440Q287 429 318 386T371 255Q385 195 385 170Q385 166 386 166L398 193Q418 244 443 300T486 391T508 430Q510 431 524 431H537Q543 425 543 422Q543 418 522 378T463 251T391 71Q385 55 378 6T357 -100Q341 -165 330 -190T303 -216Q286 -216 286 -188Q286 -138 340 32L346 51L347 69Q348 79 348 100Q348 257 291 317Q251 355 196 355Q148 355 108 329T51 260Q49 251 47 251Q45 249 31 249Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="TeXAtom" transform="translate(518, -150) scale(0.707)" data-mjx-texclass="ORD"><g data-mml-node="mn"><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aqszyqrq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，此时有：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-bottom: 24px;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.16944444444444445" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="98" data-imgfileid="100124794" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=09f8a3c8&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNpDHwOu0QC4pcW7f4EM6icQziccANXIfPqAXONNA3ibeB7RmoXQKSsc67fRg8JSgArvM5iaHMYcr7W1bSOl2mELyNiaaib9TMeuxFYg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D43"/></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizugn"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这样一来，最优 Epoch 数随数据增加而增加/减少都有可能出现。</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizqjy"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4as49uiek"><span mpa-font-style="mt4as4911pj5" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4asa77cya"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4asa6e14ez"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但即便换成 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="\alpha_{10} K^{\gamma_{10}} D^{-\gamma_{11}}"><span data-formula="\alpha_{10} K^{\gamma_{10}} D^{-\gamma_{11}}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 5625.5 940.8" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.375ex;width: 12.727ex;height: 2.129ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="msub"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="3B1" d="M34 156Q34 270 120 356T309 442Q379 442 421 402T478 304Q484 275 485 237V208Q534 282 560 374Q564 388 566 390T582 393Q603 393 603 385Q603 376 594 346T558 261T497 161L486 147L487 123Q489 67 495 47T514 26Q528 28 540 37T557 60Q559 67 562 68T577 70Q597 70 597 62Q597 56 591 43Q579 19 556 5T512 -10H505Q438 -10 414 62L411 69L400 61Q390 53 370 41T325 18T267 -2T203 -11Q124 -11 79 39T34 156ZM208 26Q257 26 306 47T379 90L403 112Q401 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556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z"></path><path data-c="31" d="M213 578L200 573Q186 568 160 563T102 556H83V602H102Q149 604 189 617T245 641T273 663Q275 666 285 666Q294 666 302 660V361L303 61Q310 54 315 52T339 48T401 46H427V0H416Q395 3 257 3Q121 3 100 0H88V46H114Q136 46 152 46T177 47T193 50T201 52T207 57T213 61V578Z" transform="translate(500, 0)"></path></g></g></g></g></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这里也还存在一些不合理的地方，比如当 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="K\to\infty"><span data-formula="K\to\infty"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 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46H494Q544 46 544 71Q544 75 517 141T485 216L427 354L359 301L291 248L268 155Q245 63 245 58Q245 51 253 49T303 46H334Q340 37 340 35Q340 19 333 5Q328 0 317 0Q314 0 280 1T180 2Q118 2 85 2T49 1Q31 1 31 11Q31 13 34 25Q38 41 42 43T65 46Q92 46 125 49Q139 52 144 61Q147 65 216 339T285 628Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mo" transform="translate(1166.8, 0)"><path data-c="2192" d="M56 237T56 250T70 270H835Q719 357 692 493Q692 494 692 496T691 499Q691 511 708 511H711Q720 511 723 510T729 506T732 497T735 481T743 456Q765 389 816 336T935 261Q944 258 944 250Q944 244 939 241T915 231T877 212Q836 186 806 152T761 85T740 35T732 4Q730 -6 727 -8T711 -11Q691 -11 691 0Q691 7 696 25Q728 151 835 230H70Q56 237 56 250Z"></path></g><g data-mml-node="mi" transform="translate(2444.6, 0)"><path data-c="221E" d="M55 217Q55 305 111 373T254 442Q342 442 419 381Q457 350 493 303L507 284L514 294Q618 442 747 442Q833 442 888 374T944 214Q944 128 889 59T743 -11Q657 -11 580 50Q542 81 506 128L492 147L485 137Q381 -11 252 -11Q166 -11 111 57T55 217ZM907 217Q907 285 869 341T761 397Q740 397 720 392T682 378T648 359T619 335T594 310T574 285T559 263T548 246L543 238L574 198Q605 158 622 138T664 94T714 61T765 51Q827 51 867 100T907 217ZM92 214Q92 145 131 89T239 33Q357 33 456 193L425 233Q364 312 334 337Q285 380 233 380Q171 380 132 331T92 214Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4asa6e1f6m"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 时它也是趋于无穷的，但根据经验，即便我们不断训练下去，测试集损失也不应该无穷大。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4as49uiek"><span mpa-font-style="mt4as4911pj5" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4asa77cya"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4asa6e1f6m"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">不过，如果只在小范围内拟合（假设 Multi-Epoch 数不可能太多），那么幂律假设依然可能给出实践能用的结果。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizynx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5.3 延伸思考</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizznf" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4auzrlc1e"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除了数据量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 这一核心参数外，还有很多工作对数据的组成做了细致的区分。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">比如领域配比（2403.16952 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[32]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2507.09404 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[33]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2603.19149</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [34]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2605.12715</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);"> [35]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">、2606.08167 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[36]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）、质量高低（2510.03313 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[37]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）、模态配比（2607.22043 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[38]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）等。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这些工作五花八门，不好提炼出统一的形式，所以就不一一展开了。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相比优化和架构，数据侧的 Scaling Law 确实给人一种“凌乱”和“模糊”的感觉。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">原因不难理解：优化器的变量（</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" 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GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）都是比较明确的数字。</span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而数据这一块，除了数据量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, 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sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4auzrly8a"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">也就是说，优化器变量和架构变量的变化原则上也会对数据侧的 Scaling Law 产生影响，各种变量相互作用，这使得我们很难能在一个“干净”的设置下，清晰地研究数据的依赖规律。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1h4h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">更要命的是，如果我们仔细思考，会发现 “Data Scaling Law” 这个命题本身就让人疑惑。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1h4h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了公平测量效果，我们需要先准备一个足够有代表性的测试集，然后“装作”不知道测试集的样子，试图去研究训练数据上的 “Scaling Law”，使得测试集的效果尽可能好，这个流程不管怎么看都挺莫名其妙。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1opz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5.4 小结一下</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gize9r"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aym522fx"><span mpa-font-style="mt4aym4a57s" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4ayngo199v"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aynfu1l5y"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一节我们简单介绍了数据差距的 Scaling Law，主要引入了数据量 </span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="D"><span data-formula="D"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -683 828 683" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: 0px;width: 1.873ex;height: 1.545ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g data-mml-node="mi"><path data-c="44" d="M287 628Q287 635 230 637Q207 637 200 638T193 647Q193 655 197 667T204 682Q206 683 403 683Q570 682 590 682T630 676Q702 659 752 597T803 431Q803 275 696 151T444 3L430 1L236 0H125H72Q48 0 41 2T33 11Q33 13 36 25Q40 41 44 43T67 46Q94 46 127 49Q141 52 146 61Q149 65 218 339T287 628ZM703 469Q703 507 692 537T666 584T629 613T590 629T555 636Q553 636 541 636T512 636T479 637H436Q392 637 386 627Q384 623 313 339T242 52Q242 48 253 48T330 47Q335 47 349 47T373 46Q499 46 581 128Q617 164 640 212T683 339T703 469Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aynfuq64"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"> 这一参数，考虑了数据量增加带来的正面作用，以及对 Multi-Epoch 带来过拟合风险，并跟优化误差结合在一块，推导了最优 Epoch 数的结果。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aym522fx"><span mpa-font-style="mt4aym4a57s" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4ayngo199v"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4aynfuq64"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但总的来说，数据侧的 Scaling Law 还有很多让人迷惑的地方，亟待深入思考。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1enc"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021733" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=33d72d45&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuJXXicvv3JrPNYrFlYadg4ibA8SxC6OvibZyBHGuub04X1AXxeRTC0WUJA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D44"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt4ax1gp14af" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz11n9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">幂律篇</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1adj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">到目前为止，我们所有的变化规律都假设成了“幂律”的和或积的形式，然后通过“异幂不等式”推出一些最优选择。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1adj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现在回过头来看，有两个问题值得思考一下：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1adj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 为什么我们要假设变化规律是幂律形式？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1adj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 当我们引入其他条件时，为什么只考虑幂律的系数变化，而不考虑指数变化？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1fxo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">6.1 幂律之问</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizqub"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为什么是幂律？有很多研究人员试图提出更“本质”的解释，但笔者感觉很多尝试都只是将一个假设换成另一个假设，并无实质变化，比如《基于量子化假设推导模型的尺度定律（Scaling Law）》</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">[39]</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz21o5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">笔者认为，最直接的解释是：当我们确定一个变量的依赖关系是单调递减、并且只关心渐近行为时，能选择的函数其实不多，一般就是幂函数和指数函数两类。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz21o5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">指数函数衰减得太快——用分布的语言说，它是“短尾”的——这意味着某种资源稍加投入，收益就迅速触顶，这与我们对现实世界的“体感”不符；而幂函数则是“长尾”的，它衰减得更慢，更能描述“持续投入、持续改善”的现象。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1hz4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">说得更哲学一些，如果这个世界是指数函数主导的，那就太无趣了：各种东西很快就达到天花板，各种投入很快失去意义。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1hz4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">正因为是幂律主导，Scale Up 的故事才生动起来。</span></span></span></p><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giztxq"><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b565w1sqj"><span mpa-font-style="mt4b56521gg9" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b57igmfi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b57hk1u6g"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一个视角是，幂律等价于“无标度性”：</span></span></span><span style="cursor: pointer;" data-formula="f(\lambda x)=\lambda^{-\gamma} f(x)"><span data-formula="f(\lambda x)=\lambda^{-\gamma} f(x)"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" role="img" focusable="false" viewBox="0 -775.2 7283.6 1025.2" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.566ex;width: 16.479ex;height: 2.32ex;" aria-label="插图"><g stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" transform="matrix(1 0 0 -1 0 0)"><g data-mml-node="math"><g 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119T261 12T224 -76T186 -143T145 -194T113 -227T90 -246Q87 -249 86 -250H74Q66 -250 63 -250T58 -247T55 -238Q56 -237 66 -225Q221 -64 221 250T66 725Q56 737 55 738Q55 746 60 749Z"></path></g></g></g><g></g></svg></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b57hk16iq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，函数在任何尺度下看起来都一样，而 “Scaling” 这个词的本义恰恰是跨尺度的规律——能担当这个角色的初等函数，似乎就只有幂律了。</span></span></span></span></p><p data-tool="mdnice编辑器" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b565w1sqj"><span mpa-font-style="mt4b56521gg9" style="font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b57igmfi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt4b57hk16iq"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">从实用的角度看：幂律在 log-log 坐标下是一条直线，这让它更容易拟合和可视化，以及“异幂不等式”的存在、它的最小值点和最小值本身依然还是幂律，这些都是它能成为“经验规律”的重要原因。</span></span></span></span></p></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizelv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当然，幂律并不是唯一的答案，“数据篇”里便有论文用指数函数描述 Multi-Epoch 的价值衰减。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizelv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">只能说，幂律是大多数情况下都可以首先尝试的基本规律，如果遇到特别难以拟合的问题，我们可以再考虑作出调整。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizelv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">又或者说，如果我们要外推的区间并不大，那可能更重要的是函数的单调性，而不同的函数形式之间区别可能并没有那么大。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizw8w"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">6.2 系数之问</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz14rd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">第二个问题首次出现在“架构篇”，我们假设条件的变化，顶多对幂律的系数产生影响，比如架构的变化只对优化误差幂律的系数产生影响，MoE 稀疏度的变化只对架构误差的幂律产生影响，而保持指数不变，这是出于什么考虑？有什么更本质的道理在里边？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizo48"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">首先是数学上的务实：如果指数也随条件变化，那么幂律形式本身就被破坏了——结果不再是幂律，异幂不等式也不再适用，整个框架会失去最简单的可操作性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizo48"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">只让系数变化，是保持形式不变的前提下最小的推广，是一个值得首先尝试的假设形式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizpsd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其次是物理上的类比：在统计物理中，相变的临界指数是普适的，同一普适类里的不同材料共享同一组指数，材料细节只改变非普适的前置因子。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizpsd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">类似地，Scaling Law 的指数也理解为问题本身的“难度”——它由数据分布与任务决定。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizpsd"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而系数则是解决方案的“工程水平”——它随优化器、架构的改进而变化，而这本质上是在同一个问题上做得更好，因此改变的应当是幂律前面的系数，而不是指数。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizqvu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">反过来想，如果某项有限的工程改进真能改变指数，那么在渐近意义下，它带来的相对优势会随着规模增长而无界放大——有限的投入换来无界的相对收益，这相当于凭空出现指数级进步，通常是不现实的。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizqvu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除非这项改进改变了问题本身，但那已经不是“同一问题上的工程改进”，而是换了一个问题。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizo43"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当然，这更多是笔者基于简洁性与自洽性的一个猜想，算是开放问题，欢迎讨论。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz5it"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021734" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=8815f6f5&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuCkR96mP8kh7KicSzPQiaIQa3ft5MLn54FNK0UD2MI99iaHjT9m9NjLl7A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D45"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizxox"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结篇</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizkjf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">看完这篇文章，可能有读者的感受是“好像什么都说了，又好像什么都没说。”——我们没有证明任何定理，只是写下了一个三重分解，以及凭经验写下了一堆幂律假设，然后利用最优化方法做了一些基本的分析。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giznor"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">我们试图以这种方式，找出各种 Scaling Law 结果的共性，理清楚它们的相互作用机理。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giznor"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">幸运的是，本文也确实得到了一些启发式的结果，但限于笔者水平，多数内容只能做出粗浅的介绍，尤其是“数据篇”，笔者的理解还停留在非常肤浅的阶段。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz14gy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">整个推导流程走下来，个人感觉有种物理中的“量纲分析”的味道：它不像第一性原理推导那样严密，而是先凭直觉和单调性猜出各项的幂律形式，进一步推导最优解的规律，最后再对照经典结果，进行简化或修正。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1x04"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt45zbu110if"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">希望本文的视角，能为读者理解和运用 Scaling Law 提供一点帮助。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1iml"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: 10px 0%;justify-content: flex-start;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;align-self: flex-start;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: 10px 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: flex;align-items: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="flex: 0 1 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="padding: 0px 10px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 22px;height: 13px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5514706" data-s="300,640" data-type="svg" data-w="272" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;height: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124795" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=dc75a5c9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_svg%2FQ3auHgzwzM6Sotgda3ibE4erjFicxic0xiblxzOYp2lTJZj2eHBIpx1KzYU1wdjVyrAlPHpcobwTH271bjzDmrw8ATCm4XE2wJIyqWicVJB3cy4omsMc9RQ8LaA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dsvg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D46"/></p></div></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(178, 178, 178);padding: 0px 10px;line-height: 1.6;letter-spacing: 1px;text-align: justify;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">参考文献</span></strong></p></div></div><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;width: auto;background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0);line-height: 0;letter-spacing: 0px;align-self: center;flex: 0 0 auto;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 22px;height: 13px;vertical-align: top;overflow: hidden;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="max-width: 100%;vertical-align: middle;display: inline-block;box-sizing: border-box;" nodeleaf=""><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5514706" data-s="300,640" data-type="svg" data-w="272" style="vertical-align: middle;max-width: 100%;width: 100%;height: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;" data-imgfileid="100124796" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e7e56945&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_svg%2FQ3auHgzwzM52F1vG1K2fVSf8XeggRBmecKT2KWOVlGol3IUNOUoUXpjibxrrOb84S6dqicm5CaRMZibGtIKZRulicbF57O8dMwYQOoB8IpxJNIjyfnLaMeuibyg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dsvg%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D47"/></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></div><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz22b1"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5hq4f52ov"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[1] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2001.08361" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2001.08361</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizodv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[2] <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM–GM_inequality#Weighted_AM–GM_inequality" target="_blank">https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AM–GM_inequality#Weighted_AM–GM_inequality</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz27z"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[3] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2503.12645" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2503.12645</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz6cg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[4] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2603.15958" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2603.15958</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizqgm"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[5] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2607.01487" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2607.01487</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1e62"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[6] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2605.09154" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2605.09154</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1blt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[7] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2503.04715" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2503.04715</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz14t5"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[8] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2409.19913" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2409.19913</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizhlk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[9] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2203.15556" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2203.15556</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizozo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[10] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2406.12907" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2406.12907</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizp8l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[11] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2606.25008" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2606.25008</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizd2b"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[12] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2505.10465" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2505.10465</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1spw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[13] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2602.05970" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2602.05970</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1ts7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[14] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2401.02954" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2401.02954</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giziig"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, 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normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[19] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2309.08520" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2309.08520</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz96s"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[20] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2502.05172" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2502.05172</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 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target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/1907.05242</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz2gg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[24] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2411.12364" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2411.12364</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz21kj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, 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style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[26] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2601.07372" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2601.07372</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizn25"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[27] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2512.24880" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2512.24880</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" 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style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizu7m"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[31] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2511.13421" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2511.13421</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz1dex"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, 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href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2507.09404" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2507.09404</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9giz23lg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 13px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 0.5px;color: rgb(178, 178, 178);">[34] <a href="https://papers.cool/arxiv/2603.19149" target="_blank">https://papers.cool/arxiv/2603.19149</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5j9gizhey"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 18:38:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>WWW 2026 | 南开×北航提出UniGOOD，首次统一图分布外泛化与检测</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722398&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=320fa0f7ae4b9b47cdf5b4d4d774710a</link>
      <description>图OOD两条路线合一</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-24 18:38</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
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  <p>图OOD两条路线合一</p>
  <p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 40px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9t53o"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder __bg_gif" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" data-type="gif" data-w="635" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="100" data-imgfileid="100000160" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=35df90d2&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u206r"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2va4el1drw"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">图表示学习在众多领域取得了显著成功，但一个核心痛点始终存在：分布偏移（Distribution Shift）。当训练数据与测试数据分布不一致时，模型性能便会急剧退化。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1dun"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一问题催生了两个重要研究方向：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1dun"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">分布外泛化（Out-of-Distribution Generalization）应对协变量偏移（Covariate Shift），力求在未知环境下保持稳定；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1dun"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">分布外检测（Out-of-Distribution Detection）则识别语义偏移（Semantic Shift），用于筛出分布外样本。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1dun"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">然而，现实数据往往同时混杂这两种偏移，而现有方法却将二者割裂处理，这已成为制约图学习走向实用的关键瓶颈。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1q7n"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">能否构建一个统一框架，让模型既能适应未知环境，又能精准识别异常输入？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1oq6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">近日，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">南开大学、北京航空航天大学与中信银行</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">联合研究团队提出了</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">统一图分布外泛化与检测框架 UniGOOD</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1oq6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">该框架首次将图分布外泛化与检测纳入统一的优化体系，通过三个协同设计的模块：不变子图分布生成器、跨不变子图谱对比学习模块以及三总体不变正则化器，在协变量偏移与语义偏移并存的情形下捕获不变图模式，同时支撑高性能的泛化与检测任务。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1v7q"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD 在多个合成与真实世界图数据集上均取得了最优结果，在图分布外泛化与检测指标上显著超越现有基线方法。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9undz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6583333333333333" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="381" data-imgfileid="100124708" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d0c5eec4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOeNicGxiabJUIveP6IoRSX9SicibJqntPPe0WszeyWUWgo2yw2bZvworXRhicen5Y7shFKf8GibzkhicbA4jAfzWDM6wgbULWtFza3yc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D1"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1n21"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2vb4hm9p0"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文标题：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ug0l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Unifying Graph Out-of-Distribution Generalization and Detection through Spectral Contrastive Invariant Learning</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1uw6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uous"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3774904.3792586" target="_blank">https://dl.acm.org/doi/abs/10.1145/3774904.3792586</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u18on"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码开源：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u128f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2vb4hmpfo"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/Lowy999/UniGOOD" target="_blank">https://github.com/Lowy999/UniGOOD</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1jey"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021728" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt2vcpb31p1r" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9usic"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">出发点：能否设计一个统一的图分布外泛化与检测框架？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u11yw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">图表示学习在分布偏移下遭遇重大挑战，这一问题引发了学界对图分布外泛化与检测的广泛关注。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9usyf"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.6324074074074074" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="365" data-imgfileid="100124709" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=291a3cca&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPcCTpchzqQZHfSxcpedS48Unpdx6iabkBPiaClfPeE5tXeib90pcg8d39FJBKKb1gJmd5dyMQuZgwricl0urRTo4aLpHRmZL5SRhQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u2526"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">分布外泛化：侧重于处理协变量偏移，即输入数据的分布在训练集与测试集之间发生了改变。泛化的核心目标是在遭遇未知分布偏移的测试数据上仍能取得满意的性能表现。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uu8g"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">【例子】亚马逊用户-商品图，训练数据是去年的，今年用户行为和商品列表变了，但商品类别仍是“电子产品”、“图书”等旧类别。泛化模型要能在新数据上正确分类。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ur2l"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">分布外检测：用于识别语义偏移，即特征的基本含义或类别关联可能发生了根本性的变化。这类方法旨在区分分布内样本与分布外样本，从而实现对分布外输入的有效检测。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ufja"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">【例子】用亚马逊商品图训练的模型，部署到抖音短视频推荐图。内容从“商品”变成“短视频”，语义从“购物”变成“娱乐”，全新类别模型从未见过。检测机制要识别出这些是分布外样本，而不是硬分类到旧类别里。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u15ra"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">尽管已有诸多进展，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当前的图分布外泛化与检测方法仍彼此分离</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。然而，现实世界中的图任务往往涉及同时包含协变量偏移与语义偏移的复杂无标注野生数据。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u15ra"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">现有方法</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无力应对此类多层面的分布偏移</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，这已成为图表示学习领域的一大瓶颈。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u19ep"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5444444444444444" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="315" data-imgfileid="100124710" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=446e4fe4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPmXCJzib5muUStBIk7m2ZnZMSJM6aTFln8icnIs81dwyRCG3HNG4QnoyxdbwHOMovyxCk2HJq1mUMB7IaVD8DjQvv9JjjOdJQBk%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u16tk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Question：能否设计一个统一的框架，用于图分布外泛化与检测的联合实现？</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9utqe"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021729" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u2189"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">不变图学习</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uh94"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">不变图学习旨在提取跨环境保持特征与标签间稳定关系的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">不变子图</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，为同时利用带标签数据与无标签数据进行分布外泛化与检测的联合实现提供了一条极具前景的路径。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uo6e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当预测仅依赖于不变特征时，便可实现最优的分布外泛化。同样，有效的分布外检测也能从仅关注不变模式中获益。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uxph"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5481481481481482" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="317" data-imgfileid="100124711" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=40f24896&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMEXyVZBL7tbQ4fJhbecibHXU8zHf4Y8RstqbHhicJ9BQflarmXPXalMdnTld9Nam4P5WbNIRy5e6j80b6IE3uGAdibgGHkYpUCVg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1gsh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">尽管如此，基于不变图学习来设计一个联合分布外泛化与检测的框架，仍面临三项重大的技术挑战。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uqza"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 如何在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无标签</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">数据中建模不变子图，</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ur47"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 如何确保不变图表示能同时</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">利于泛化与检测</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这两项任务，</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u9cw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. 如何在恰当的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">不变性原则</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">下有效整合带标签数据与无标签数据。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uogg"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021730" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c317f294&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1zdq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">方法：UniGOOD</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1zqy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为应对上述挑战，该论文提出了统一图分布外泛化与检测框架（UniGOOD），该框架能够在协变量偏移与语义偏移并存的情形下捕获不变子图，同时实现分布外泛化与检测。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt2vihyv4ts" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u19i6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.1 技术架构</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1j7y"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5268518518518519" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="304" data-imgfileid="100124712" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=40f7f2e6&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNAtadwdiaRyMBb2XYHt2miaVhXluWC3f3D4mc48bvcRdf2VYJnoS7q72U6aroMBlLSpkYLRb1lpH8iaXZ07fBt2QJFqnc9g6eibcE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1m2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD 对以下三个模块进行联合优化：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1a2u"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">不变子图分布生成器</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：采用基于变分图自编码器的架构对不变子图的条件分布进行建模。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u3b7"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">跨不变子图谱对比学习模块</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：利用不变子图的条件分布来实现分布外泛化与检测。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u21xu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">三总体不变正则化器</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：执行谱对比不变学习原则，确保能够准确识别出不变子图。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1621"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">3.2 具体方法</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u9qq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">不变子图分布生成器</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">旨在利用带标签与无标签数据联合建模不变子图的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">概率分布</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1upo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">传统确定性方法面临</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">观测噪声</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">无标签过拟合</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">的双重局限。该模块从概率视角切入，以双路 GNN 编码均值与方差参数化高斯分布，采样后经内积与阈值筛选分离不变与变化子图。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-top: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1uph"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.38981481481481484" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/RBRgSeVXhYO4IlMGsucaKbrCbQ0HTpDTyQ0kkzbTMmOqX8dzU5DVK9lY2IK1DPDpNiag2XiccDiaibCOibibl9npffMmCygqmA6qice3ia3QZg8MPKo/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="219" data-backw="561" data-backh="219" data-imgfileid="100124731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ee7acb14&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYO4IlMGsucaKbrCbQ0HTpDTyQ0kkzbTMmOqX8dzU5DVK9lY2IK1DPDpNiag2XiccDiaibCOibibl9npffMmCygqmA6qice3ia3QZg8MPKo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1360"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">因真实不变子图未知，重构损失失效，KL 散度成为唯一优化项，其权重控制采样随机性：越大则子图越多样，归零则退化为确定性自编码器。该设计为无标签数据注入结构先验，有效抑制过拟合。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1zv3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">跨不变子图谱对比学习</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">利用上述分布学习兼顾泛化与检测的图表示。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1j0c"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">该模块构造一张“</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总体图</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">”，节点为全部样本，边权重表示不变子图间的语义相似度，同类增强、异类削弱。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1j0c"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对总体图的归一化邻接矩阵做谱分解，取特征向量作为表示。这些表示天然编码了不变子图在类别空间中的关系结构，从而为泛化与检测提供了判别基础。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1xow"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.42962962962962964" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="248" data-imgfileid="100124714" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0da5026f&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPMEQiaDPptmsuHY1jRibUjQcfXZib9Rgz0TtFn5TAUMUbRjXGnOWTrx4icMkiaW792THQfgaUfyicvvpefbibMvglkI8mNGUicuJlr7HU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1h93"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">直接学习特征矩阵并不现实，转而用一个 GNN 来参数化这些表示。经过等价推导，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">谱分解的低秩逼近目标</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uvfj"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.16018518518518518" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="92" data-imgfileid="100124715" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=37a5bd56&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNTbG92Az3A2uDy8YB47jWlQAX2Ydrvs9ib5DNl03N72tgxJdKx9fVZWqhRlBXQFD7icuVkdjAbRE8fxemHRMZABPLBtUpZBxTak%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u13cj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">可转化为一个结构清晰的</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">对比学习损失</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u3k9"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7768518518518519" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="449" data-imgfileid="100124716" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=654d13aa&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOR1dGFpFCoRiadpP4ribOL8EgyHt1YLochwW0JjmWd3ELBibyhhn0vvCTl51hPGPicDrBZDO2MYE8Rynicl7zCqiak7ibLbg4EcDqG9s%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D12"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uzta"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">前两项拉近正样本对，后三项推远负样本对。正样本聚集支撑协变量偏移下的泛化，负样本分离增强语义偏移的检测敏锐度。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uc52"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">三总体不变正则化器</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">回答根本问题：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">生成器输出的子图何以称“不变”</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u23fe"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在不变子图关于标签的总体图之外，补充定义变化子图关于标签、不变子图关于环境、变化子图关于环境三张总体图，并推导</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">三总体对比学习损失函数</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9upfl"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.5879629629629629" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="340" data-imgfileid="100124718" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=bba601e0&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNvPO3EgNia7pbwhQiaF19o9GTtjankQRxpCLtNGoqvsicNoKnEsL0B1HUdOoptlTOQoVDvoI28vWHtaXRqjmdXQBkPnuZpqiao5ak%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D13"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uqdp"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于四张总体图共同构成的对比学习目标，可从理论上证明：</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">存在最优的不变子图生成器及其互补的变化子图生成器，当且仅当这四项目标被同时最小化</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1d0o"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.22685185185185186" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="131" data-imgfileid="100124719" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0d72046e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP5g8m5JluncLmhC2wLS9hsszso6ZtZ4qOmm8YIYjounmq92KEYLdSqfmnauMb0ApFf77r7SGyOM7XmbapszQlJPIahKkvBW8U%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D14"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u2068"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最终将四项损失与 KL 散度加权求和，推理时以不变表示做标签预测实现泛化，以 KNN 距离做无参分布外检测。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ugpe"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021731" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1e5eced7&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D15"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uvak"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uqnq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.1 在协变量和语义偏移场景下均表现最优</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 0px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7444444444444445" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="430" data-imgfileid="100124720" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c5e997ef&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYP1w3ic5hbb4rqjQtOmIwrg9PoFuicaibrqe6uRctuSQEP1lEwicasKwADA9RlrYdgvTMDsB5Yiae9EaCFiatfT7XmHGowe5TNHs5wqU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-bottom: 24px;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1duj"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.7444444444444445" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="430" data-imgfileid="100124721" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1be85148&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMrONWmf9WJVEMk9wR7qBxJPKx37fqME2xObmZ5DAa9v5sHOmxYJlf9mjuGsvnMxtpzoTWvaONR7vFbKzibXu8td5elvhHak4y8%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D17"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u13lk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在所有合成数据集与真实世界数据集上均取得了最优性能</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，在分布外泛化与检测两项任务中均表现卓越。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1jj9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 GD-Tox21-SIDER 数据集上，UniGOOD 展现出优异的分布外泛化能力，AUROC 分数相较于基线方法相对提升了9.53%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1jj9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">除泛化能力外，UniGOOD 在分布外检测方面同样表现出色，在GD-HIV-ZINC 数据集上的 FPR 相对降低了9.21%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u132h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.2 不变子图发现分析</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uqpf"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.4935185185185185" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="285" data-imgfileid="100124722" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=acc4492c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYOw3mya8eSMSIYV0aHgXjhhrLWhUqYOvkia52doPibvPEXnPCu9LLKRPRmZazO85p30fiaEZKhfBnw9b7QianJq0dxib90sDbiciaTnOE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D18"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9umai"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD 在发现不变子图方面优于基线方法，尤其在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">语义偏移</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">条件下表现更为突出。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uuvb"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.3 消融实验分析</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u14qz"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.3907407407407407" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="226" data-imgfileid="100124723" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=1eb7c5a4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPEuIq0gQcWM9mzkANicCm5XTGeFt69icwUYF7NpGU8n2vibFH2ultuSQYGbwKZLPKafQZ4A5e9kf3MbnGSXzmzDybRzEI54gSPJs%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D19"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uhml"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">移除 KL 损失后，方法性能降至次优水平，这表明 KL 散度在生成多样化不变子图方面起着至关重要的作用。缺少该正则项后，分布不变子图生成器退化为标准的图自编码器，丧失了为无标签数据提供信息性先验的能力。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u15uu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对三总体不变正则化器中任意单个损失分量进行消融，同样会导致性能下降。这一结果证实，专门设计的不变性原则能够增强不变子图的识别能力，从而同时提升分布外泛化与检测的性能。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1y28"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.4 超参数敏感性分析</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u13ls"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="754" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124724" data-ratio="1.3046296296296296" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a3bcc557&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPAAMXOk48HYrnMleqUq7GZL7wVavZic2F9peb5xvmvq33G9iazv4bZq3U2tOsH9YnV234EgKoKCiaS8fBz2mIElPJN6M8miawjY4M%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D20"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1v2d"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">尽管适当选取超参数可进一步提升性能，但 UniGOOD 对超参数并不十分敏感，在较宽的超参数取值范围内均能优于最优基线方法。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1aek"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">4.5 可视化结果分析</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1xac"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="211" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124726" data-ratio="0.3638888888888889" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d5fca3e9&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNWfibwNmWV0iap2CbWysadEMd9wgK8w9QD5FEz8FuGYnQUMaFWSqjGSibKIph3giaia0ClaaXxyTPMIdsywsSYJnp1AbVF6mg8eoVQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D21"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uv92"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD 在编码空间中实现了语义偏移的分布外图与分布内图及协变量偏移图之间较为清晰的分离，而基线方法则未能维持如此明确的分离边界。UniGOOD 所具备的这种判别能力显著提升了分布外检测的性能。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uc00"><img data-aistatus="1" class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" type="block" data-backw="578" data-backh="84" data-imgfileid="100021732" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=347efeb4&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D22"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9ui0b"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">总结</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9up3p"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">UniGOOD 为图分布外的泛化与检测问题提供了一套统一的解决框架：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">统一框架</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：创新性地将不变子图分布生成器、跨不变子图谱对比学习模块与三总体不变正则化器有机融合，在一个框架内协同解决图分布外泛化与检测问题。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">理论洞察</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：理论上系统证明了 UniGOOD 能够为图分布外泛化与检测提供可证明的保障。</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">效果优异</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：大量实验验证了 UniGOOD 的优越性，在图分布外泛化与检测的多个基准上均取得了显著提升。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9u1ady"><div style="will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: 15px 0%;text-align: center;justify-content: center;display: flex;flex-flow: row;will-change: transform;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;width: 100%;vertical-align: top;border-radius: 2px;flex: 0 0 auto;height: auto;box-shadow: rgb(0, 0, 0) 0px 0px 0px;align-self: flex-start;overflow: hidden;padding: 20px 22px;background-color: rgb(249, 249, 250);border-top: 2px solid rgb(67, 149, 195);box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin: 10px 0% 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: top;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="margin-bottom: -6px;line-height: 1;padding: 0px 5px;font-size: 18px;letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(51, 122, 183);box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">作者信息</span></strong></p></div></div></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);text-align: justify;line-height: 2;letter-spacing: 1px;font-size: 14px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">本文第一作者廖添胤，南开大学博士研究生</span></strong><span leaf="">，研究方向为图分布外泛化和先验数据拟合网络。</span><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">通讯作者张子威，现任北京航空航天大学副教授</span></strong><span leaf="">，研究方向为图机器学习与大模型结合，以及其在智能科学中的应用。</span></p><p style="white-space: normal;margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">主要完成单位为南开大学，北京航空航天大学和中信银行。</span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt2xhv9uhi5"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: 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      <pubDate>Mon, 24 Aug 2026 18:38:00 +0800</pubDate>
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      <title>AAAI「互bid」风波后续：可直接拒稿，违规还可能多年禁投</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722382&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=330a046c8d307c619071da1aa186fb5e</link>
      <description>Desk Reject 警告</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-23 22:47</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=36a6ad60&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCv0icDhoxJpNtgibQzLpNFBXCSDkeY2dIFKc9fyMxK0RP7YOYZ37MgXhb2oG4AyhoicKic8WEHVo6xibiahL7o7FjwXiaRol1Z6RZ68A%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>Desk Reject 警告</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" nodeleaf="" data-nest-level="2" style="margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-type="gif" data-w="635" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9091b14d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="2" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><figure data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="3" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="4" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="5" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="6" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="7" style="margin: 0px 0.5em;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="8" style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" data-nest-level="9" style="max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-nest-level="10" style="margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;max-width: 100%;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="padding: 0px 10px;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf="">互换论文 ID、拉群互 bid、网友举报……争议发酵一个月后，AAAI 这次开始动真格了。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-start="194" data-end="224" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个月前引发热议的 AAAI-27「互 bid」，后续来了。</span></span></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">继 7 月底确认收到 bidding 阶段疑似串通的举报后，AAAI 近日公布了具体处理办法，并向全部投稿作者群发邮件。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5vk63trh"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238723" data-ratio="0.5063025210084033" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="952" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=57215129&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAWT1F0sjK3oQpptE7Aicvicsbko1G0P1SO3567GIpiaK3KBvUOnZpPojAia6m8xZ8tIicQZURAculRuiaYGQHxvXMhyj3LBdyMwNPvY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这次，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">AAAI 直接从审稿人分配环节下手</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。双方互相 bid 后可能形成的“A 审 B、B 又审 A”互审，会在分配时直接被拦下。个别仍然出现的情况，还会进一步核查。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AAAI-27 此前就已明确，通过互惠审稿抬高评分属于违规行为。</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">最新通知再次重申，一旦查实，</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">将面临</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">从 Desk Reject 到多年禁止参与 AAAI 会议不等的处罚</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51228"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/><img/><img/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em 40px;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51zuz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yonxb3fh" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yonxlsu8"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">「互 bid」引发举报，AAAI 回应</span></span></span></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">7 月下旬，AAAI-27 进入 bidding 阶段。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在这一阶段，审稿人会根据自己的研究方向和评审意愿，对候选论文进行 bid，</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">系统会参考这些 bid 结果分配审稿人。</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">多名投稿者表示，本届摘要注册阶段的论文取号已经</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">超过 </span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">5 万</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。作为参考，</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">AAAI-26 官方数据显示，上一届摘要注册量刚刚超过 3 万。</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">到了 bidding 阶段，小红书上很快出现了大量围绕「互 bid」的帖子。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">有人公开发帖求互 bid、交换论文 ID，也有人直接拉群互 bid。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与此同时，抵制和举报几乎同步出现。有网友称自己潜入了百人互 bid 群，还有人开始整理疑似互 bid 的作者和论文信息，准备向 AAAI 举报。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5w0lhrt2u"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238727" data-ratio="1.4212962962962963" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1080" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=56016dbe&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeCFaN10FUqLicqDt1cypf5xIxibv9Y9I8u27yncpS5SuKDXIKCjUSG6JVQm985qf3vbzbAKrSLe4It5410wQdNMaAdc1qVjtoiakM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">7 月 28 日，AAAI 首次公开回应，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">确认已经收到</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">审稿人 bidding 阶段疑似串通的举报</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，并表示已经开始排查和防范这类行为。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5vgdgt9qv"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238721" data-ratio="0.4572025052192067" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="958" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=a03bb26b&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDepp6iaJtpx6FL6TQj6ykAEIdBJGZq4iaRy3NmcEU46fqT2bJxkXdfC8j9wAp4sswovtFaqS2avLa8iacYbAnQYoBcznzibUGj8rU%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一旦查实 bid 串通，相关论文可能被 Desk Reject。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z5laa"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e0c6b132&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img/><img/><img/><img/><img/><img/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z5otx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yk0411rox"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">分配审稿人阶段直接拦截</span></span></span></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">8 月 20 日，AAAI 公布了针对互审的具体处理措施。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">两天后，AAAI-27 组委会又向全部投稿作者群发邮件，</span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">详细说明这类互审将如何处理。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt5wcr5el7r"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="0" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCtkLvEtWppqVCS1Gfttkq7442hZMtbHLPMg4IAjyEBXmN1jia4rrq06yNnn0VPicWnBdawKbtErCukm97noAoW49JQibfhDhlJRY/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="246" data-imgfileid="100238732" data-ratio="0.43898573692551507" data-s="300,640" data-w="1893" data-type="png" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c9310f07&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCtkLvEtWppqVCS1Gfttkq7442hZMtbHLPMg4IAjyEBXmN1jia4rrq06yNnn0VPicWnBdawKbtErCukm97noAoW49JQibfhDhlJRY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AAAI 把“A 审 B、B 又审 A”这样的互审关系称为 </span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">2-cycle</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">邮件提到，AAAI 已经收到相关举报和证据，有人疑似在商量互相 bid，以增加双方互相审到对方论文的机会。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但 2-cycle 并不一定意味着有人串通。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">研究方向较窄、合适的审稿人本来就不多时，也可能自然出现双方互审。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AAAI 防范的并不是所有 2-cycle，而是人为安排出来的互审关系。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果双方确实互相 bid，并可能形成这种互审，</span></span><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">AAAI-27 会在 Phase I、Phase II 两轮集中分配审稿人时直接禁止这类匹配。</span></span></strong></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">双方没有互相 bid、只是自然分到彼此论文时，系统也会尽量避开这种分配，但这类情况本身不会被直接认定为违规。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于最终仍然出现的互审，</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">以及后续因临时补充审稿人等原因新增的情况</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，程序委员会还会继续查看双方的审稿意见和评分，</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">重点检查是否存在异常或明显缺乏依据的打分。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">即使双方没有明确约定互惠审稿，只要有证据表明 bid 或审稿存在人为协调，同样可能被认定违规。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">早在去年，AAAI 就已经在审稿人匹配算法中加入了针对“双方互相 bid、最后又互相审稿”的惩罚项。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">官方数据显示，默认匹配方法下，Phase I 和 Phase II 分别会出现 950 组和 65 组这类 2-cycle。</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">采用新算法后，两轮都降到了 0。</span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">区别在于，AAAI-26 主要靠惩罚项减少这类匹配，而 AAAI-27 会在 Phase I 和 Phase II 两轮集中分配审稿人时，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: #000000;font-weight: bold;">直接阻止这类互审形成</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: 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      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 22:47:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>在线蒸馏也会⼀步错步步错？Relay-OPD让教师关键时刻接棒</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722382&amp;idx=2&amp;sn=3bfa8b04eb94289f37461079fb328470</link>
      <description>别让错误滚成雪球</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-23 22:47</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=d447e4c7&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeDibxcgaRQTGbHKWGibRzeWyeyFWib0hR1X3vPPdiaCrGrKxVR1w84OfS51SyAibPetgD0nicABR4TOUlqVvhVQjrHPa7E8jk5ZTCZgQ%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>别让错误滚成雪球</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" nodeleaf="" data-nest-level="2" style="margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-pm-slice="1 14 []"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="100" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100000160" data-ratio="0.1732283464566929" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;vertical-align: bottom;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-type="gif" data-w="635" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=9091b14d&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_gif%2FPsho9dm7oDHKVtfYDubjKdZRUjAfBQQicXjoZWJ3qnK42ooD4eeJUfJBM4SSZVa2RE5lO0j6rWwzliby0j9u4bDg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dgif%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D0"/></p><p data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="2" style="margin: 0px 0px 24px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><figure data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="3" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><h2 data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-nest-level="4" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;font-weight: 400;font-size: 16px;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="5" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.578px;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="6" style="max-width: 100%;letter-spacing: 0.544px;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="white-space: normal; max-width: 100%; letter-spacing: 0.544px; text-size-adjust: auto; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="7" style="margin: 0px 0.5em;max-width: 100%;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-style="margin-top: 2em; padding-top: 0.5em; padding-bottom: 0.5em; max-width: 100%; border-style: solid none; text-decoration: inherit; border-top-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-bottom-color: rgb(204, 204, 204); border-top-width: 1px; border-bottom-width: 1px; box-sizing: border-box !important; overflow-wrap: break-word !important;" data-nest-level="8" style="max-width: 100%;line-height: 27.2px;min-height: 0px;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;border-width: 0px;border-style: none;border-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);bottom: auto;float: none;height: auto;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;visibility: visible;clear: none;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-id="86005" data-tools="135编辑器" data-nest-level="9" style="max-width: 100%;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-nest-level="10" style="margin: 0px 0em 16px;padding: 16px;max-width: 100%;border-radius: 3px;line-height: 1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="padding: 0px 10px;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf="">学生推理一旦早早走偏，教师也可能被错误前缀带着走。Relay-OPD 选择在最值得纠偏的位置，让教师短暂接棒再交还学生。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01bbk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">随着⼤模型能⼒的持续提升，如何把强模型的能⼒⾼效迁移给⼩模型，正成为后训练阶段的关键课题。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01bbk"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">相⽐让学⽣模仿教师数据的 SFT 与离线蒸馏，在线蒸馏（on-policy distillation，OPD）让学⽣在⾃⼰⽣成的轨迹上接受教师逐 token 的稠密监督，有效缓解了训练与推理之间的分布偏移，正逐渐成为将强模型能⼒迁移⾄⼩模型的主流范式。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01va3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但你是否注意到：学⽣⾃⼰⽣成的轨迹,也必然带着学⽣⾃⼰的错误。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01va3"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在⻓链推理中，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">学⽣⼀旦在开头选错了⽅向，后续所有⽣成都会建⽴在这个偏差之上</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">——此时教师给出的监督越来越不可靠，⼤量训练算⼒也被消耗在这些偏离正轨的冗⻓续写上。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj018tz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了解决这⼀问题，浙江⼤学联合阿⾥巴巴提出了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Relay-OPD（Relay On-Policy Distillation）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：在学⽣⽣成的过程中，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在线检测推理“跑偏”的位置，让教师像接⼒赛⼀样短暂“接棒”纠偏</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，随后再把⽣成交还给学⽣。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj018tz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">实验显示，该⽅法在</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">⼋个数学推理基准上全部取得最优或次优成绩</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，较标准 OPD 平均提升 + 5.73%，同时将训练轨迹⻓度削减⼀半以上。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0cwi"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeA1iahATJ08XLUu1gPiavoTCzQM1rKpWNZfnWqeeUGiaujjWzRRcFA7ElgedxSenZtMG1TYE9gibpRBo0HriaYr5l1XNeficg1PbQ2BQ/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx1="0" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely1="0" data-cropsely2="284" data-imgfileid="100238717" data-ratio="0.46498277841561425" data-s="300,640" style="width: 100%;" data-type="png" data-w="1742" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=258dd87c&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeA1iahATJ08XLUu1gPiavoTCzQM1rKpWNZfnWqeeUGiaujjWzRRcFA7ElgedxSenZtMG1TYE9gibpRBo0HriaYr5l1XNeficg1PbQ2BQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ai6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt18b9gyhya"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论⽂链接：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01jje"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26057" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2607.26057</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0uer"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">项⽬主⻚：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj07o9"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://zju-real.github.io/Relay-OPD" target="_blank">https://zju-real.github.io/Relay-OPD</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0tya"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">代码仓库：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01hcw"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt18b9gynic"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/ZJU-REAL/Relay-OPD" target="_blank">https://github.com/ZJU-REAL/Relay-OPD</a></span></span></span></p><div data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj022yc"><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj018bt"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt00ymdv1qyf"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt19vaj018bt&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt00ymdv1qyf&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">本⽂第⼀作者为浙江⼤学计算机科学与技术学院的博⼠⼆年级研究⽣徐皓雷，研究⽅向分别为⼤模型推理、后训练、可解释性。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj018bt"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt00ymdv1qyf"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt19vaj018bt&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt00ymdv1qyf&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">共同第⼀作者 &amp; Project Lead 为阿⾥安全 AGI 实验室-御⻛⼤模型团队洪海⽂，研究⽅向为⼤模型预训练、多模态、Self Play 等。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj018bt"><span data-mpa-action-id="mt00ymdv1qyf"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt19vaj018bt&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mt00ymdv1qyf&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">通讯作者为浙江⼤学的鲁伟明教授，主要合作者包括浙江⼤学的沈永亮研究员、阿⾥安全 AGI 实验室-御⻛⼤模型团队许晓⽂等。</span></span></span></p></div><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0zih"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=3f2fcdbb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" mpa-font-style="mt18cudi6rs" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0t53"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">On-policy 不等于 On-track：前缀失败如何拖累在线蒸馏？</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj021cg"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">OPD 的核⼼优势在于：监督始终落在学⽣真实访问的状态分布上。然⽽研究团队发现，这⼀优势背后隐藏着⼀个被低估的问题：前缀失败（Prefix Failure）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0m2z"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">前缀失败指的是，学⽣在推理早期⼀旦选定错误⽅向，⾃回归⽣成会让所有后续内容都在这个错误前提下展开，滚雪球般形成⼀条冗⻓且“积重难返”的失败轨迹。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0m2z"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对这样的轨迹做逐 token 蒸馏，不仅监督信号愈发不可靠，还会⽩⽩消耗训练算⼒。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0sny"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">已有⼯作从不同⻆度尝试补救，但各有结构性局限：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">固定⻓度截断（ESR、FastOPD）：在固定位置⼀⼑切地截断 rollout，与推理实际在哪⾥失败⽆关；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">离线重写（TRD）：等整条轨迹⽣成完再由教师重写修复，⼲预时机太晚，且重写痕迹明显；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">token 级混合（SKD）：依据师⽣分布的⼀般性分歧逐 token 切换，并没有“推理⽅向已经失败”的显式信号。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01jq6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">换句话说，现有⽅法要么“切得不准”，要么“修得太晚”，要么“换得盲⽬”。缺少的是⼀种既在线发⽣、⼜由推理状态本身决定⼲预位置的机制。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0t8t"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队的突破⼝，来⾃⼀个有趣的观察：在同⼀个已经⾛偏的前缀上，教师和学⽣的“续写本能”截然不同——教师倾向于停下来、重新审视、转向，下⼀个 token ⼤概率是 Wait、But、However 这类反思词；学⽣则倾向于沿着原⽅向⼀路写下去。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj022xh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论⽂中给出了⼀个典型例⼦：在某个⾛偏的位置上，教师以 74.4% 的概率想说 “But”，学⽣却以 50.6% 的概率想接 “So”。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj022xh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这种分歧在⽣成过程中直接可观测，不需要任何 verifier、过程标签或奖励模型。论⽂将这样的位置称为交接触发点（handoff trigger）。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01mfl"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="243" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124635" data-ratio="0.4212962962962963" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=26865c45&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMSUQYWBcPTomWtYia7t23SQiatq1EgypmIBlrVHhnx0WaFF6raBpR9zRPiaD0pYHHEA253jHYqRA6PIyibIss8wEIycibSkXeEavgI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D3"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01jye"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">围绕这⼀信号，团队进⼀步开展了轨迹⼲预实验,得到两个关键结论：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 24px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">纠偏可以极其“局部”：只在每个触发点把那⼀个反思 token 替换为教师的选择——教师⽣成的 token 仅占全部 token 的 0.35%——准确率即可从 27.73 提升⾄ 34.96（+ 7.23%）；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⼲预价值⾼度“前置”：保持⼲预⻓度不变,仅把⼲预位置从最早的触发点推后,准确率便从 41.99 跌⾄ 33.98、再跌⾄ 29.49。原因在于：随着前缀变⻓，教师也会被学⽣的上下⽂“带跑”，师⽣差距逐渐收窄，晚到的接管已⽆⼒回天。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj023q7"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="218" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124638" data-ratio="0.37777777777777777" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=fb20c675&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMw4xpNuDhlumJsZ9pESJMK0EH4Od7vzFo0rfiaZkdZMEsxa4ibLdDeoLdnttiaHUpZPINmibPyOG7JFLFyyaBh1l8eYa2wb5mcnpw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D4"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0n8x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此外，延⻓教师⼲预的收益会快速饱和：单次接管从 3 段延⻓到 6 段，教师 token 占⽐从 17.52% 升⾄ 28.52%，准确率却停留在 41~44 区间，与教师独⽴作答的 60.55 相去甚远。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0n8x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这说明⼲预应当“点到为⽌”——既要趁早，⼜要克制。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj020kg"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=b104aa19&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D5"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0sr2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Relay</span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">-OPD：让教师</span></span></span><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在关键时刻“接⼀棒”</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0z1x"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">基于上述发现,团队提出了 Relay-OPD。该⽅法包含三个关键设计:</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01lv8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">1. 免标签的交接触发器。预先定义反思词表 R（Wait、But、However 及其⼤⼩写、前导空格变体）。当教师在当前前缀上最偏好的下⼀个 token 属于 R，⽽学⽣的 top-K 候选中不含任何反思词时，即判定触发（主实验取 K = 5）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0v3f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">2. 接⼒预算（M, L）。整条轨迹最多允许 M 次教师接管；每次接管以触发的反思 token 起笔，继续⽣成 L 个⾃然段（以 \n\n 为界，平均每段约 23.2 个 token）——按“段落”⽽⾮固定 token 数计量，保证每⼀次接管都收尾于结构完整的推理单元。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0v3f"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">教师接管段结束后，若预算未耗尽，学⽣从修正后的前缀继续⽣成；第 M 次接管结束时，整条 rollout 终⽌。与固定截断不同，⼲预位置与终⽌位置都由当前推理状态决定。主实验取（M, L）=（2, 3）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj013c8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">3. ⾯向接⼒轨迹的训练⽬标。设计⽬标前有⼀个关键判断：教师在接⼒轨迹上给出的指导，并不等于它在⾃⼰轨迹上的理想发挥——前⾯的⼲预实验已经显示，即便让教师接管近三成的 token，准确率仍远低于教师独⽴作答，原因是教师也会被学⽣写下的前缀牵着⾛。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj013c8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">既然这份指导并⾮处处可靠，学⽣就不应当照单全收。因此，Relay-OPD 直接在实际⽣成的接⼒轨迹上做 single-sample 蒸馏，有选择地吸收教师的纠偏信号，⽽不是拟合教师的完整输出分布。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj013c8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">后⽂的消融实验将证明这⼀选择的重要性。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01e74"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="244" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124637" data-ratio="0.4212962962962963" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=23c6c866&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYMiasM85eunjUcJeEbBNKCYoWzdEIf4JCfblZTX0b2xsiaN3rF1yYJ4ptAQibfibicmYUxuQkl4WicktHq60TherGCsknEShnQTtiaveY%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D6"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ma2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">⼯程实现上，Relay-OPD ⾯临⼀个现实难题：交接触发器要求在学⽣⽣成的每⼀个位置，都能拿到教师对下⼀个 token 的分布来做判定；教师与学⽣还要在同⼀条轨迹上反复交替⽣成。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ma2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如果为两个模型维持两套独⽴的推理引擎，就意味着每个位置都要跨引擎同步⼀次教师 logits，交接与收回时还要在两条流⽔线之间来回切换，调度与通信开销相当可观。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ma2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队的解法，是把整个接⼒过程统⼀进⼀个投机解码（speculative decoding）引擎：学⽣作为 draft model，教师作为 target model。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ma2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">学⽣⽣成段中，target 就是学⽣⾃身，draft 全部接受，等价于普通的学⽣解码；教师接管段中，则是标准的投机拒绝采样。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ma2"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">如此⼀来，教师本就要对学⽣的草稿做批量验证，验证中算出的教师 logits 顺带给出了触发判据，持续监测教师意图不再有任何额外开销；同时，由投机采样的正确性保证，单引擎产出的轨迹与“两个模型真实轮流⽣成”在分布上完全⼀致。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0903"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021730" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width:100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=c317f294&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukOjHSmSsEuRCB0fJu69CtdNgLnvFPDUCgeicOppBKuDvniaD3q8XWQ0Q%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D7"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 20px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0gzo"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">实验结果</span></span></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" mpa-font-style="mt18q3ah18b4" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj03jy"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">⼋个数学基准全⾯领先，训练轨迹⻓度削减过半</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01gt6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">团队以 Qwen3-4B-Instruct-2507 为教师、Qwen3-0.6B 与 Qwen3-1.7B（Non-Thinking）为学⽣，在 DAPO-Math-17K 英⽂⼦集上基于 verl 与 vLLM 训练。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01gt6"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">全程不使⽤任何 verifier、过程监督标签或答案正确性标签，并在 AIME 2024/2025/2026、MATH500、AMC 2023、OlympiadBench、HMMT 2026 年 2 ⽉与 2025 年 11 ⽉共⼋个数学推理基准上评测。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0wc4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">结果显示，Relay-OPD 在两个学⽣规模的所有⼋个基准上均取得最优或次优成绩。以 1.7B 学⽣为例，平均准确率达到 46.96，较标准 OPD（41.23）提升 + 5.73%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0wc4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">其中 AIME 2025、AIME 2026 分别提升 + 7.29% 与 + 7.19%；同时超过最强的轨迹⼲预基线 FastOPD（45.47）+ 1.49%。0.6B 学⽣趋势⼀致：较 OPD 提升 + 3.01%，并⼩幅超越 FastOPD（+ 0.62%）。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01hiv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对⽐之下，⼏类基线的失败⽅式颇具启发性：</span></span></span></p><ul style="list-style-type: disc;" class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01hiv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">TRD 明显弱于标准 OPD，其离线重写的轨迹带有可⻅的修补痕迹，不像⾃然展开的解题过程；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01hiv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">SKD 难以打破学⽣已经形成的重复⽣成模式；</span></span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01hiv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">FastOPD 虽将训练信号集中于序列前段，却⽆法示范“如何从失败的前缀中恢复”。</span></span></span></p></li></ul><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01qhi"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">效率⽅⾯，1.7B 学⽣的平均训练轨迹⻓度仅 2,296 token，较 OPD 的 4,658 削减 50.7%，也短于 FastOPD 的 2,709，且仅⽤ 35 步即达到最优 checkpoint（OPD 为 55 步）；0.6B 学⽣的训练轨迹⻓度较 OPD 削减 63.9%。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0o0x"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="455" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124639" data-ratio="0.7870370370370371" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=bb2aaa69&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPSKIia8HYPksAs9XcQvDuzic146xaw56ibKZibjQTgG0p5jxSPQWG7x2iacXcpVsaIal94CysZJI0D6QhbialnP1ZOUhLDjvrZDHBIA%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D8"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj023cu"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">推理更短，答得更准</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01gaq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与 FastOPD 相⽐，Relay-OPD 在 AIME 2025、AIME 2026、HMMT Feb 2026 上的平均回复⻓度分别缩短 17.9%、14.2% 与 28.3%，准确率反⽽分别提升 + 2.39%、+ 4.17% 与 + 1.14%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 32px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01gaq"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在不同采样预算下的 pass@k 也全⾯⾼于标准 OPD。这表明：学⽣学到的不只是答案，更是“在偏差滚成雪球之前主动转向”的推理习惯。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01ifz"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="160" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124640" data-ratio="0.2759259259259259" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=823a849e&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYO1ffTiaMs1uADkDJQiahKyytcR6D1fwI85rBFUFnPcADkjJCYocxMxmn4UCEFNo1wtiaicZBRGaByw3Y4QJ2RU56rzWwgEwbOTJAc%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D9"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0vy0"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">教师介⼊强度⾃适应衰减</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01i3h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">训练动态显示，⽤满接⼒预算的轨迹占⽐从初期的 75%~85% 逐步降⾄ 50%~60%。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01i3h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">教师 token 占⽐从约 13% 快速回落，约 20 步后稳定在 2%~3%——随着学⽣能⼒增强,需要教师接棒的位置⾃然减少，⼲预强度⽆需⼈⼯调度即可⾃适应收敛。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01i3h"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">此外，Relay-OPD 的策略熵始终⾼于 OPD 与 FastOPD：教师接管改变了学⽣访问的前缀与后续⽣成⽅向，客观上增加了探索。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em 40px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj024mj"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="154" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124641" data-ratio="0.26666666666666666" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0a68087a&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYPex5vYU0W1v3Pjh2r3oVCR14icoHdubNO86K7KLv2mbQdOvjbf5M5iaduCIMflLDvemrH46kibo1c152qBTRaiblLo51ibkMpDpibSo%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D10"/></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;font-size: 18px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj03bf"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">消融：教师接管段与训练⽬标，缺⼀不可</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj03bf"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">教师接管段是否必要？同样限定 M = 1，“触发即停”（检测到触发点即截断、不⽣成任何教师 token）平均仅 43.48，补上 L = 3 的教师接管段后升⾄ 46.25（+ 2.77%）。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj03bf"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这说明收益来⾃被修正的上下⽂与局部推理示范，⽽不只是动态截断；</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">训练⽬标如何选？</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在实际⽣成的接⼒ token 上直接蒸馏（46.96），明显优于改⽤学⽣的 draft token（44.56），也优于让学⽣去拟合教师完整分布的 forward KL（44.08）——后者会迫使学⽣⽆差别地吸收教师的全部输出，连不可靠的指导也⼀并照收。</span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01yi8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">敏感性分析进⼀步划出了⽅法的边界：L 从 0 增⾄ 4，平均准确率由 44.31 升⾄ 47.10，L = 5 开始回落；M = 2 最优（46.96），M = 4 反⽽降⾄ 44.01。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 40px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01yi8"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">过⻓、过频的教师接管会使轨迹过度偏离学⽣⾃身的策略，反⽽削弱了 on-policy 蒸馏本身的优势——适度⼲预，正是这套⽅法的灵魂。</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin: 24px 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj01yvo"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="352" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100124642" data-ratio="0.6092592592592593" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=84601cfb&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FRBRgSeVXhYNDVibqQ21LOe57c7W8gezYtediaU3lQLYOJicNQ3FXuYFcVXib3aMFQRjjicxH3gInMMh7mJdD0dpU57AxcOv32PoB5wcI3Am6Mh7k%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg%23imgIndex%3D11"/></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj013vv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt191m4p18nm"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">值得⼀提的是，Relay-OPD 的触发信号来⾃师⽣ logits 的直接对⽐，⼯程实现由投机解码引擎顺带完成，全程⽆需 verifier 与任何标注。</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj013vv"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" data-mpa-action-id="mt191m4p18nm"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论⽂上线后，已有智能体蒸馏⽅向的后续⼯作沿⽤并扩展了这⼀交接机制（</span></span><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);font-size: 12px;" mpa-font-style="mt191m4h9qd"><span leaf="" mpa-font-style="mt5rrk5r13tl" style="font-size: 14px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt5rrk631aqd" data-pm-slice="0 0 []"><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-style: italic;text-decoration: none;"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.01953" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs/2608.01953</a></span></span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">）。⽬前，训练、消融与评测代码均已开源。</span></span></span></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0zdd"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="mt19vaj0c7f"><a 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]]></content:encoded>
      <pubDate>Sun, 23 Aug 2026 22:47:00 +0800</pubDate>
    </item>
    <item>
      <title>AutoResearch神话破灭：大模型离真正自主科研还有多远？</title>
      <link>https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?__biz=MzIwMTc4ODE0Mw==&amp;mid=2247722361&amp;idx=1&amp;sn=658f056f13fa2edd790bcea25eb28a8f</link>
      <description>AI 会反思，却不会真改</description>
      <content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>原创 <span>让你更懂AI的</span> <span>2026-08-21 22:31</span> <span style="display: inline-block;">北京</span></p>






  
  <p><img src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=59005a46&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_jpg%2FnFNzd9xjFeAlSj7KsOb5ZSCf9K7ZSmmsF4j0vTHAaSz4H90RW54lI4EZwmoic1RZ1by1BRMfJrSjWGjsb8D4y1dPAkAlElaIl6DL9UJoOdSk%2F0%3Fwx_fmt%3Djpeg"/></p>
  <p>AI 会反思，却不会真改</p>
  <p data-mpa-powered-by="yiban.io" nodeleaf="" data-nest-level="2" style="margin: 0px 0.5em 24px;max-width: 100%;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-align: justify;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;font-family: &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;clear: both;min-height: 1em;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img __bg_gif js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" 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1.45;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><div data-tool="mdnice编辑器" data-website="https://www.mdnice.com" data-nest-level="11" style="padding: 0px 10px;max-width: 100%;line-height: 1.6;word-break: break-word;text-align: left;visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><p data-nest-level="12" style="margin: 0px 0em;padding: 8px 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;clear: both;min-height: 1em;color: black;font-family: Optima-Regular, Optima, PingFangSC-light, PingFangTC-light, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, Cambria, Cochin, Georgia, Times, &#34;Times New Roman&#34;, serif;letter-spacing: 0px;text-align: justify;visibility: visible;line-height: 1.75em;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="13" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);font-size: 14px;visibility: visible;font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span data-nest-level="14" style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;text-decoration-thickness: initial;font-weight: 400;background-image: none;background-clip: border-box;background-position: 0% 0%;background-repeat: repeat;background-size: auto;bottom: auto;float: none;left: auto;max-height: none;min-width: 0px;text-decoration-style: solid;text-decoration-color: rgb(34, 34, 34);top: auto;z-index: auto;caret-color: rgb(51, 51, 51);text-size-adjust: inherit;border-radius: 3px;overflow: auto;background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);word-break: break-word;clear: both;min-height: 1em;line-height: 1.75em;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);visibility: visible;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span leaf="">读论文、写代码、跑实验之后，科研 Agent 又拿到了一项新能力：主动寻找最能排除错误假设的关键实验。</span></span></span></p></div></div></div></div></div></div></div></h2></figure></p><p data-start="194" data-end="224" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">AI 自己做科研，曾被认为是大模型时代最具想象力的方向之一。</span></span></p><p data-start="226" data-end="297" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让 Agent 阅读论文、提出假设、编写代码、运行实验，再自动生成研究报告，AutoResearch 正在推动 AI 从科研助手走向科研主体。</span></span></p><p data-start="299" data-end="345" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但最新一项研究发现，</span></span><strong data-start="309" data-end="345"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当前 AutoResearch 距离真正自主科研仍存在明显差距。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="347" data-end="508" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">来自 Prentis AI、斯坦福等机构的研究者将 Claude、GPT、Qwen、DeepSeek 等多个模型系列，以及多个 Agent 系统放入基于真实前沿科研工作构建的任务环境中。</span></span></p><p data-start="347" data-end="508" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">让它们完成从研究设想、文献检索、实验执行、结果分析、论文撰写，到最终自我验证与审查的完整流程，全面测试当前 Agent 的自主科研能力。</span></span></p><p data-start="510" data-end="633" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队进一步分析了 </span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">100 个真实科研任务、8 组 Agent–模型组合和 800 条完整科研轨迹，归纳出 45 类失败模式</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p data-start="510" data-end="633" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">结果显示，</span></span><strong data-start="583" data-end="633"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当前 Agent 最主要的瓶颈已经不再是单纯的工程执行问题，而</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">在科研过程中的判断与修正能力</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="635" data-end="683" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">它们能够完成实验、生成报告，却难以像研究者一样持续检查结论、质疑方法，并根据新证据调整研究方向。</span></span></p><p data-start="685" data-end="740" style="margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队将这个共同短板归结为一个核心能力缺口——</span></span><strong data-start="708" data-end="740"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">缺少元认知闭环（Metacognitive Loop）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="msspwq9h1mer"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeArJvKGjLf15kEFticjibCA1mC1rPO8BoEjqWohhow3Yj0ic5eslkr3gwnibEsOR3Jia9EoXxgdqhEzCmLyE9smjP4hArbA5AqjCx0M/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="249" data-imgfileid="100238695" data-ratio="0.5263157894736842" data-s="300,640" data-w="2014" data-type="png" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=245e4bcc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeArJvKGjLf15kEFticjibCA1mC1rPO8BoEjqWohhow3Yj0ic5eslkr3gwnibEsOR3Jia9EoXxgdqhEzCmLyE9smjP4hArbA5AqjCx0M%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw1jvq" data-pm-slice="6 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerahb6v"><span style="letter-spacing: 1px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;" mpa-font-style="msoerbb31465"><span style="color: rgb(63, 63, 63);" mpa-font-style="msoermue1dkf"><span mpa-font-style="msoerxzg1lu3" style="font-size: 12px;"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文题目：</span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw1sge"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg1zgd"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">How Do Agents Fail on AutoResearch: End-to-End Diagnostic Evaluation on 100 Real-World Frontier Research Tasks</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw11b4"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzgd4r"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">论文地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw7ry"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzgyhj"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg16xv" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 16px; line-height: 1.5em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msoj0klw3yt&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://arxiv.org/abs" target="_blank">https://arxiv.org/abs</a></span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">/2608.14905</span></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klwy9e"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg12mb"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">项目地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw3yt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg16xv"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://prentisai.github.io/AutoResearchEval-site/" target="_blank">https://prentisai.github.io/AutoResearchEval-site/</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klwy9e" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg12mb"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">GitHub地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw3yt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg16xv"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://github.com/PrentisAI/AutoResearchEval" target="_blank">https://github.com/PrentisAI/AutoResearchEval</a></span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klwy9e" data-pm-slice="3 3 []"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg12mb"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">数据集地址：</span></span></span></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.5em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msoj0klw3yt"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="msoerxzg16xv"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);"><a href="https://huggingface.co/datasets/PrentisAI/AutoResearchEval" target="_blank">https://huggingface.co/datasets/PrentisAI/AutoResearchEval</a></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51228"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021728" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=600662d3&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wulOVRfC18yCkd6xXqGq22h6QUk8chptF0fnQ4uXeZtAktYMrWwG2SyQ%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D1"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51zuz"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yonxb3fh" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yonxlsu8"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">主流模型同场测试</span></span></span></p><p data-start="763" data-end="813" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">过去对于 AI 科研能力的评估，通常关注最终结果，例如是否完成任务、是否达到指标、是否复现已有方法。</span></span></p><p data-start="815" data-end="906" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">但科研过程并不只是得到一个答案。</span></span><strong data-start="831" data-end="906"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个 Agent 即使交出了看起来正确的结果，也可能采用了错误的方法。一个看似有效的实验，也可能建立在数据泄漏、迎合评分指标或者循环验证之上。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="908" data-end="944" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这项研究直接追踪 Agent 的完整科研轨迹，寻找失败究竟发生在哪一步。</span></span></p><p data-start="946" data-end="1059" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队提出 AutoResearchEval，从真实前沿科研论文中构造任务，覆盖生物、医学、化学、材料科学、物理、科学计算和地球物理等 7 个领域，并覆盖完整科研流程，包括研究设想、文献检索、实验执行、结果分析、写作和审查。</span></span></p><p data-start="1061" data-end="1160" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这 100 个任务又分为两类：</span></span><strong data-start="1076" data-end="1093"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">70 个开放式科学发现任务</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">没有明确指标告诉 Agent 是否接近“正确答案”。另外 </span></span><strong data-start="1122" data-end="1138"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">30 个目标锚定优化任务</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，则以人类 SOTA 或可计算指标作为目标。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mssqj1dp1so8" data-pm-slice="1 3 []"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-croporisrc="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/sz_mmbiz_png/nFNzd9xjFeCsdu3kN51iaB4TAcN3wGK9t7IRBEVKwiceLFecgvZDlj1kdnuj2BmePWHNWciaBd4QYYP9umGgOicStibehVUZvkCGCDWpH2Te1ibcI/0?wx_fmt=png&amp;from=appmsg" data-cropselx2="561" data-cropsely2="205" data-imgfileid="100238696" data-ratio="0.8683068017366136" data-s="300,640" data-w="1382" data-type="png" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ebbcd124&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCsdu3kN51iaB4TAcN3wGK9t7IRBEVKwiceLFecgvZDlj1kdnuj2BmePWHNWciaBd4QYYP9umGgOicStibehVUZvkCGCDWpH2Te1ibcI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msj2n6rw24ow&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0em;margin-right: 0em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msj2ngl516um&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">AutoResearchEval 的任务构建、Agent 执行与评测流程</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1215" data-end="1315" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">与多数围绕最终结果打分的 benchmark 不同，AutoResearchEval 会保留 Agent 完整执行轨迹，包括代码、工具调用记录、实验结果和最终报告，从而分析问题究竟发生在哪个研究阶段。</span></span></p><p data-start="1317" data-end="1416" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了把过程级诊断扩展到全部 800 条轨迹，研究团队还构建了经过人工校准的 Artifact-aware Agent-as-a-Judge，不只读取最终报告，还会检查代码、执行日志和数据等中间产物。</span></span></p><p data-start="1418" data-end="1528" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在 50 条人工标注轨迹上，其 failure pattern 和根因分类的 Cohen’s κ 分别达到 </span></span><strong data-start="1472" data-end="1487"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">0.75 和 0.83</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，明显高于单次 LLM-as-a-Judge 的 </span></span><strong data-start="1512" data-end="1527"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">0.53 和 0.62</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt30l6p5j40"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238697" data-ratio="0.1835564053537285" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="2092" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=623a87cc&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeB4FjwqpkW0O4So7zxuwCMcZeBgkdeFia4Ym6fkuZUMrDPw9ibnr59icRmlQvAPx0dUJHtBd2X3sn3lugmlTeWgibnuD3WRy7yhicFI%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">Agent-as-a-Judge 与人工专家标注的一致性</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="1574" data-end="1639" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">评测覆盖 Claude Code、Codex 和 Gemini CLI 三种主流 Agent 框架，共组成 8 组框架—模型组合。</span></span></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 8px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt30mbz6ayy"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238698" data-ratio="0.32854578096947934" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1114" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=453f8f80&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeAqicS7GjfCAR6Pq90YsP80SQoqQr1WriaGhzSowyl69wjh08icYR0NLlBib9SmialQ7xXsdokichiawibjaFyneyjUQVTGhA49j3Pia2eE%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">参与测试的 Agent–模型组合</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1673" data-end="1768" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文并没有试图建立一个简单的“自主科研模型排行榜”。不同模型确实存在能力差异，但更重要的发现是：</span></span><strong data-start="1721" data-end="1768"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">相似失败模式反复出现在不同 Agent–模型组合中，甚至包括这项评测中表现最强的模型。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="1770" data-end="1835" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这些问题并未集中在某个模型或某套 Agent 框架上，而是在不同组合中反复出现，更像是</span></span><strong data-start="1813" data-end="1835"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">当前大模型科研判断能力上的共同短板</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z5laa"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021729" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=e0c6b132&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuhfgUpIfdPSqH8YjjHbCUiaaKsMA36bIMsMtGNKoBcus5py06M0fvx3A%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D2"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z5otx"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yk0411rox"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">45 类失败模式暴露共同短板</span></span></span></p><p data-start="1864" data-end="1925" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">为了系统分析这些失败，研究团队提出了 ARFT（AutoResearch Failure Taxonomy）失败分类体系。</span></span></p><p data-start="1927" data-end="1974" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">ARFT 将 45 类失败模式按照科研流程组织。其中 </span></span><strong data-start="1954" data-end="1974"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">37 类可以定位到六个具体阶段</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">：</span></span></strong></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究想法与实验规划；</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">文献检索与知识整合；</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">实验执行与实现；</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">结果分析与解释；</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文写作；</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">自我验证与审查。</span></span></p></li></ul><p data-start="2190" data-end="2243" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong data-start="2190" data-end="2209"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">另外 8 类属于跨阶段失败模式</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，包括错误传播、目标漂移、错误路径上的“正确结果”和重新规划失败等。</span></span></p><p data-start="2245" data-end="2262" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">同时，这些失败又被归纳为四类根因：</span></span></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">事实依据与忠实性</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">推理深度与适应能力</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">科研严谨性与目标对齐</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">工程鲁棒性</span></span></p></li></ul><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt30x49frlk"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238702" data-ratio="0.4154639175257732" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1940" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=4e780368&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBoIUia8GUd2PRtemdowP9ckn1IRicNWjfmkdjQEXpZYI0KibMicAl3un2MLAGcQwstLHicujmp2zEdEQlrg8G03ATkpBYOsHOic3R84%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">失败模式根因分类</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="2445" data-end="2471" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">而在所有失败模式中，三类认知相关问题占据了绝大多数：</span></span></p><ul class="list-paddingleft-1"><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Grounding &amp; Faithfulness：31.0%</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Scientific Integrity &amp; Alignment：33.5%</span></span></p></li><li><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">Cognitive Depth &amp; Adaptability：27.6%</span></span></p></li></ul><p data-start="2587" data-end="2635" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong data-start="2587" data-end="2635"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在全部失败模式统计中，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">三类非工程性问题合计占到 92.1%，而工程鲁棒性仅占 7.9%</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt30ydyt1znf"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238703" data-ratio="0.4230343300110742" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1806" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=07d9c671&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeDPfMw8PAicp58QOvSTicVZYcpphNic2STehlHuhqibKdp87Hyf4icrxdjLtO0ofjgvy8suBnyF9AlTz1npKRfE0XHFQCfIrqpibXv2w%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">不同阶段与根因对应的失败分布</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2668" data-end="2754" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong data-start="2668" data-end="2754"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">更值得注意的是，很多失败并不是因为证据不存在。相反，足以推翻结论的证据已经躺在 Agent 自己生成的代码、数据或运行日志里，它却没有把这些产物与最终报告重新核对。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="2756" data-end="2804" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><strong data-start="2756" data-end="2804"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">研究团队发现，</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 经常写下的是自己“原本想做”的研究，而不是实际执行出来的研究</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="2806" data-end="2919" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">真正高频的短板，是 Agent 能否判断实验是否真的验证了假设、结果是否足以支撑结论，以及下一步是否应该调整方向。其中最常见的一类失败尤其反常：</span></span><strong data-start="2878" data-end="2919"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">超过八成的轨迹中，Agent 已经意识到关键问题，却没有真正完成后续修正。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51vo4"><span leaf=""><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_img_placeholder wx_img_placeholder" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-imgfileid="100021731" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1080" style="width: 100%;height: auto !important;" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=ee1872a8&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wuiaLfO9V4lkD8cXK7ImEicqib5bPGH6syOrWzicR2KaqPyAicMccs8icC03Gw%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%23imgIndex%3D8"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/><img class="rich_pages wxw-img"/></span></p><p style="margin: 32px 0.5em;line-height: 1.6em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z5dul"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 20px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yk041gdg"><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 已经发现问题，却没有真正修正</span></span></span></p><p data-start="2954" data-end="3049" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在所有失败模式中，最具代表性的一类是“未纠正的自我觉察”（Uncorrected Self-Awareness）：</span></span><strong data-start="3011" data-end="3049"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 已经发现研究过程中的问题，却没有让这种判断改变后续行动。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="3051" data-end="3157" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">这一模式出现在 660 / 800 条分析轨迹中，占 82.5%，也是全部 45 类失败中出现频率最高的一类。典型表现是，Agent 已经在自我审查中明确指出某个严重缺陷，却仍然提交了没有经过修正的结论。</span></span></p><p data-start="3159" data-end="3246" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">对于人类研究者而言，发现 baseline 不可靠通常意味着重新设计实验、替换方法或重新分析结果。而当前 Agent 往往停留在“识别问题”阶段，问题发现并没有形成后续修正。</span></span></p><p data-start="3248" data-end="3360" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文随后用四条具体轨迹展示了这种元认知断层的不同表现。其中两条归入 C.2，另外两条分别归入 D.5 和 D.7，但共同指向同一个问题：</span></span><strong data-start="3316" data-end="3360"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">Agent 已经掌握了足以改变行动的信息，却没有让这些判断真正改变后续研究过程。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 16px;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt310xju1qc9"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238704" data-ratio="0.8633802816901408" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1420" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=0a143e58&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeBJ1TB4fdkG8HnkbBMsN6Sb0mmLbTLlATd83fMvZh2wnnKqg0YaayRH75rOYkA1oibN7QsyE9m47uleAf4lbRgTA6U0XCPjhxiaM%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><div><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">四条 AutoResearch 轨迹中的典型失败案例</span></span></span></p></div><p data-start="3405" data-end="3488" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文还展示了其他类型的失败。一个 PDE 任务中，Agent 几乎拿到了完美指标，</span></span><strong data-start="3446" data-end="3488"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">却根本没有读取训练数据，而是直接利用 README 中给出的解析解生成预测。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="3490" data-end="3552" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">另一个案例中，Agent 已经找出</span></span><strong data-start="3507" data-end="3529"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">拖累总成绩最大的 Darcy 子任务</span></span></strong><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">，却把剩余预算继续花在</span></span><span leaf="" style="line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">一个已经领先的</span></span><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">子任务上。</span></span></p><p data-pm-slice="0 0 []" nodeleaf="" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 5px 0.5em 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);text-align: center;"><img alt="图片" class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-aistatus="1" data-backh="84" data-backw="578" data-ratio="0.14537037037037037" data-s="300,640" style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;vertical-align: bottom;height: auto !important;width: 660px !important;visibility: visible !important;" data-type="png" data-w="1080" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=5cb9e955&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fmmbiz_png%2FPsho9dm7oDGhKg9nnSz5qQrwKvXibt3wukGHdevfTibLOpic6945Lrhqmt43pKicyIhGs4m7ANzKOfY9RJgmTicZGdg%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26wxfrom%3D5%26wx_lazy%3D1%26tp%3Dwebp%23imgIndex%3D16"/></p><p style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px 0.5em;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-family: &#34;PingFang SC NEW&#34;, system-ui, -apple-system, &#34;system-ui&#34;, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 17px;font-style: normal;font-variant-ligatures: normal;font-variant-caps: normal;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: 0.544px;orphans: 2;text-indent: 0px;text-transform: none;widows: 2;word-spacing: 0px;-webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px;white-space: normal;text-decoration-thickness: initial;text-decoration-style: initial;text-decoration-color: initial;background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);line-height: 1.75em;text-align: left;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;font-size: 20px;"><strong style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;"><span style="-webkit-tap-highlight-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);margin: 0px;padding: 0px;outline: 0px;max-width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box !important;overflow-wrap: break-word !important;font-size: 20px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-family: &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, Helvetica, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 1px;"><span leaf="">自主科研还缺少什么？</span></span></strong></span></p><p data-start="3577" data-end="3635" data-pm-slice="0 0 []" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">论文继续向下追溯三类认知根因，最终都指向同一个核心缺口：</span></span><strong data-start="3605" data-end="3635"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 0, 0);font-weight: bold;">元认知闭环（Metacognitive Loop）</span><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">。</span></span></strong></p><p data-start="3637" data-end="3726" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">在完整科研过程中，研究者不仅需要提出假设、执行实验和撰写结果，还需要持续检查自己的研究过程，</span></span><strong data-start="3683" data-end="3726"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">不断核对产出与证据，在结果站不住脚时采取修正，并重新判断当前研究路径是否合理。</span></span></strong></p><p style="text-align: center;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" nodeleaf="" data-mpa-action-id="mt313sx7137k"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-aistatus="1" data-imgfileid="100238705" data-ratio="0.7173652694610778" data-s="300,640" type="block" data-type="png" data-w="1670" src="https://wechat2rss.xlab.app/img-proxy/?k=706a0812&amp;u=https%3A%2F%2Fmmbiz.qpic.cn%2Fsz_mmbiz_png%2FnFNzd9xjFeCUPYG1rt7qAVvH2UDiaWf9bMIK9Vn8CYIVCxcia8icPLRkgYX1TwYMb5yeAYCYDYRhHyN1QFN2PX4SOjThH7uXhnozWicmejTDcu0%2F640%3Fwx_fmt%3Dpng%26from%3Dappmsg"/></p><p style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;" data-mpa-action-id="mssqjcunclh"><span style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;" mpa-font-style="ms9yyiy1enz" data-mpa-action-id="ms9yyiybt6v" data-pm-slice="2 2 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;section&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em; margin-right: 0.5em; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: 1em; text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;mssqjcunclh&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span leaf="" data-pm-slice="1 1 [&#34;para&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;p&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1em;text-align: left;&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;msa0s2z517ra&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{&#34;style&#34;:&#34;color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 12px;font-family: mp-quote, \&#34;PingFang SC\&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, \&#34;Helvetica Neue\&#34;, \&#34;Hiragino Sans GB\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei UI\&#34;, \&#34;Microsoft YaHei\&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;&#34;,&#34;mpa-font-style&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiy1enz&#34;,&#34;data-mpa-action-id&#34;:&#34;ms9yyiybt6v&#34;},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;},&#34;node&#34;,{&#34;tagName&#34;:&#34;span&#34;,&#34;attributes&#34;:{},&#34;namespaceURI&#34;:&#34;http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml&#34;}]"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(0, 82, 255);">〓</span></span><span leaf=""><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(136, 136, 136);">六个科研阶段中的失败模式与根因分布</span></span></span></p><p data-start="3761" data-end="3843" style="margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;margin-bottom: 0px;line-height: 1.75em;text-align: justify;"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">当前 Agent 已经能把检索、实验、分析和写作串成一条科研执行链。</span></span><strong data-start="3795" data-end="3843"><span leaf="" style="color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.9);font-size: 15px;font-family: mp-quote, &#34;PingFang SC&#34;, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, &#34;Helvetica Neue&#34;, &#34;Hiragino Sans GB&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei UI&#34;, &#34;Microsoft YaHei&#34;, Arial, sans-serif;letter-spacing: 0.034em;font-style: normal;font-weight: normal;"><span textstyle="" style="letter-spacing: 1px;color: rgb(63, 63, 63);">下一阶段 AutoResearch 真正要解决的，是让“发现问题”真正变成“修正问题”。</span></span></strong></p><div style="box-sizing: border-box;font-style: normal;font-weight: 400;text-align: justify;font-size: 16px;color: rgb(62, 62, 62);margin-left: 0.5em;margin-right: 0.5em;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z51p5m"><div style="margin: 0.5em 0px;text-align: center;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;box-sizing: border-box;"><div style="display: inline-block;vertical-align: middle;padding: 0px 5px;letter-spacing: 1px;box-sizing: border-box;"><p style="margin: 0px;padding: 0px;box-sizing: border-box;"><strong style="box-sizing: border-box;"><span leaf="">更多阅读</span></strong></p></div></div></div></div><p style="text-align: center;margin: 32px 0.5em 16px;" data-mpa-action-id="msa0s2z524u9"><a 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      <pubDate>Fri, 21 Aug 2026 22:31:00 +0800</pubDate>
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